date将秒数转换成日期的字符串表达形式

这里要用到date函数的第三种形式，下面是获得当前日期

(set 'today (date (date-value) 0 "%Y%m%d"))

(date-value) 返回的是1970年0点累计的秒数，作为date函数的第一个参数

第二个参数是偏移的分钟，0表示没有偏移，就是当前时区的现在时间。 这个参数很有用，可以计算昨天的时间，也可以计算其他时区的时间

第三个参数定义日期格式，参考下表：

format	description
%a	abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale
%A	full weekday name according to the current locale
%b	abbreviated month name according to the current locale
%B	full month name according to the current locale
%c	preferred date and time representation for the current locale
%d	day of the month as a decimal number (range 01–31)
%H	hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00–23)
%I	hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01–12)
%j	day of the year as a decimal number (range 001–366)
%m	month as a decimal number (range 01–12)
%M	minute as a decimal number
%p	either 'am' or 'pm' according to the given time value or the corresponding strings for the current locale
%S	second as a decimal number 0–61 (60 and 61 to account for occasional leap seconds)
%U	week number of the current year as a decimal number, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of the first week
%w	day of the week as a decimal, Sunday being 0
%W	week number of the current year as a decimal number, starting with the first Monday as the first day of the first week
%x	preferred date representation for the current locale without the time
%X	preferred time representation for the current locale without the date
%y	year as a decimal number without a century (range 00–99)
%Y	year as a decimal number including the century
%z	time zone or name or abbreviation (same as %Z on Win32, different on Unix)
%Z	time zone or name or abbreviation (same as %z on Win32, different on Unix)
%%	a literal '%' character

下面是使用了偏移参数计算昨天的日期：

(set 'yesterday (date (date-value) (- (* 24 60)) "%Y%m%d"))

24小时乘以60分钟，结果加上负号