boost::asio 连接管理10

本篇应该是最后一篇了。给出一个完整的可以用于产品环境的代码。

现在修改一下代码逻辑，让server变成一个echo服务器。收到16字节长度后，再接受字符串。然后返回16字节长度给客户端，再返回字符串。

16字节长度类型是unsigned short，在网络传输的时候采用big-endian 字节顺序。字符串采用utf-8编码格式。

先来看一下我的newLISP客户端模拟程序：

(define (quit-for-error)
  ((println (net-error)) (exit)))
(define (send-test)
  (set 'socket (net-connect "localhost" 8889))
  (set 'hello (utf8 (unicode "hello, my name is 陈抒")))
  (set 'size (pack ">u" (length hello)))
  (if (net-send socket size) (println "send size succeeded") (quit-for-error))
  (if (net-send socket hello) (println "send string succeeded") (quit-for-error))
  (if (net-receive socket size-buffer 2) (println "receive size succeeded") (quit-for-error))
  (set 'size2 ((unpack ">u" size-buffer) 0))
  (println "received size is: " size2)
  (if (net-receive socket str-buffer size2) (println "receive string succeeded, str: " str-buffer) (quit-for-error))
  (exit))

(dotimes (i 2000) 
(spawn 'ri (send-test)))

(until (sync 1000))
(exit)

说明：

1. 如果对使用newLISTP进行TCP通信感兴趣，可以参考我的另一篇文章：http://blog.csdn.net/sheismylife/article/details/8521748

2. dotimes是一个循环，i取值范围是：[0, 2000) (左闭右开区间)，不断的创建进程，每个进程都运行函数send-test。

现在看一下改动后的server代码：

1.为了在多线程环境下输出一些信息，cout由于不是线程安全，所以不适用。这里引入了booster::log，可以参考我的文章：

http://blog.csdn.net/sheismylife/article/details/8248663

2.为了证明线程池在asio中的作用，日志将记录线程id

3.因为涉及到big-endian，所以自己实现了相关算法。

先看一下src/CMakeLists.txt文件, 里面加入了booster库。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Debug)
set(PROJECT_INCLUDE_DIR ../include)

find_package(Boost COMPONENTS system filesystem thread REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR} ${PROJECT_INCLUDE_DIR})
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src CPP_LIST1)
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/core CPP_LIST2)
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src/business CPP_LIST3)

add_executable(service ${CPP_LIST1} ${CPP_LIST2} ${CPP_LIST3})
target_link_libraries(service ${Boost_LIBRARIES} booster)

add_definitions(-Wall)

然后看一下main.cc，里面使用了log

#include <iostream>
#include "core/server.h"
#include "business/client.h"
#include <booster/log.h>
#include <booster/shared_ptr.h>

using namespace std;

void init_log() {
  booster::shared_ptr<booster::log::sinks::file> f(new booster::log::sinks::file());
  f->append();
  f->max_files(10);
  f->open("/opt/tcp_template.log");
  booster::log::logger::instance().add_sink(f);
  booster::log::logger::instance().set_default_level(booster::log::debug);
}

int main(int argc,char ** argv) {
  try {
    init_log();
    io_service iosev;
    tcp::endpoint listen_endpoint(tcp::v4(), 8889);
    Server<Client> server(iosev, listen_endpoint, 10);
    server.Run();
  } catch(std::exception const& ex) {
    BOOSTER_ERROR("main") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << "Caught an exception: " << ex.what();
  }
}

现在看一下server.h文件，里面也使用了log：

#ifndef CORE_SERVER_H_
#define CORE_SERVER_H_

#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <booster/log.h>
#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <vector>


using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
using boost::system::error_code;
using namespace boost::asio;
using ip::tcp;


// Crate a thread pool for io_service.
// Run the io_service to accept new incoming TCP connection and handle the I/O events
// You should provide your class as template argument here
// Your class must inherit from Connection class.
template<class T>
class Server {
 public:
  typedef T ClientType;
 Server(io_service& s, tcp::endpoint const& listen_endpoint, size_t threads_number)
   : io_(s),
    signals_(s),
    acceptor_(io_, listen_endpoint),
    thread_pool_size_(threads_number) {
      signals_.add(SIGINT);
      signals_.add(SIGTERM);
#if defined(SIGQUIT)
      signals_.add(SIGQUIT);
#endif
      signals_.async_wait(bind(&Server::Stop, this));
      shared_ptr<ClientType> c(new ClientType(io_));
          
      acceptor_.async_accept(c->socket, bind(&Server::AfterAccept, this, c, _1));
    }

  void AfterAccept(shared_ptr<ClientType>& c, error_code const& ec) {
    // Check whether the server was stopped by a signal before this completion
    // handler had a chance to run.
    if (!acceptor_.is_open()) {
      cout << "acceptor is closed" << endl;
      return;
    }
        
    if (!ec) {
      c->StartJob();
      shared_ptr<ClientType> c2(new ClientType(io_));
      acceptor_.async_accept(c2->socket, bind(&Server::AfterAccept, this, c2, _1));
    }
  }

  // Create a thread pool for io_service
  // Launch io_service
  void Run() {
    // Create a pool of threads to run all of the io_services.
    vector<shared_ptr<thread> > threads;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < thread_pool_size_; ++i) {
      shared_ptr<thread> t(new thread(bind(&io_service::run, &io_)));
      threads.push_back(t);
    }

    // Wait for all threads in the pool to exit.
    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < threads.size(); ++i) {
      threads[i]->join();
    }
  }

 private:

  void Stop() {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Server") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << "stopping" << endl;
    acceptor_.close();
    io_.stop();
  }

 private:
  io_service& io_;
  boost::asio::signal_set signals_;
  tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
  size_t thread_pool_size_;
};

#endif

connection.h文件也有改变，添加了日志，并且拦截了关闭socket的异常。

#ifndef CORE_CONNECTION_H_
#define	CORE_CONNECTION_H_

#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <booster/log.h>
#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>


using namespace boost::asio;
using ip::tcp;
using boost::system::error_code;

using namespace boost;
using namespace std;

template<class T>
class Connection: public boost::enable_shared_from_this<T> {
 public:

 Connection(io_service& s)
   : socket(s), strand_(s) {

  }

  ~Connection() {
  }

  // You must override it yourself
  // Default implementation closes the socket using shutdonw&cloes methods
  // You could override it if want change it
  // Or resue it with Connection::CloseSocket() format
  void CloseSocket() {
    try {
      socket.shutdown(tcp::socket::shutdown_both);
      socket.close();
    } catch (std::exception& e) {
      BOOSTER_INFO("Connection") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << e.what() << endl;
    }
  }
    
  // You must override it yourself
  virtual void StartJob() = 0;

  tcp::socket socket;
    
  // Strand to ensure the connection's handlers are not called concurrently.
  boost::asio::io_service::strand strand_;
};


#endif

好，现在看一下新的util/endian.h文件，里面是关于big-endian的算法：

#ifndef UTIL_ENDIAN_H_
#define UTIL_ENDIAN_H_

#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

// Get the bit value specified by the index
// index starts with 0
template<class T>
int Bit_Value(T value, uint8_t index) {
  return (value & (1 << index)) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
}

// T must be one of integer type
template<class T>
string PrintIntAsBinaryString(T v) {
  stringstream stream;
  int i = sizeof(T) * 8 - 1;
  while (i >= 0) {
    stream << Bit_Value(v, i);
    --i;
  }
    
  return stream.str();
}

bool IsLittleEndian() {
  short int x = 0x00ff;
  char* p = (char*)&x;
  return (short int)p[0] == -1;
}

static union {
  char c[4];
  unsigned char l;
} endian_test = {{'l','?','?','b'}};

#define IsLittleEndian2() (endian_test.l == 'l')

// Convert the following integer values to big-endian if necessary
template<class T>
T Int16ToBigEndian(T value) {
  if (IsLittleEndian2()) {
    uint8_t* p = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*> (&value);
    T v1 = static_cast<T> (p[0]);
    T v2 = static_cast<T> (p[1]);
    return (v1 << 8) | v2;
  } else {
    return value;
  }
}

template<class T>
T Int32ToBigEndian(T value) {
  if (IsLittleEndian2()) {
    uint8_t* p = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*> (&value);
    T v1 = static_cast<T> (p[0]);
    T v2 = static_cast<T> (p[1]);
    T v3 = static_cast<T> (p[2]);
    T v4 = static_cast<T> (p[3]);
    return (v1 << 24) | (v2 << 16) << (v3 << 8) | v4;
  } else {
    return value;
  }
}


// The following functions convert the byte arrays 
// that has big-endian into integers on local platform

template<class T>
T BigEndianBytesToInt16(vector<uint8_t> const& value) {
  if (IsLittleEndian2()) {
    T h = static_cast<T> (value[0]);
    T l = static_cast<T> (value[1]);
    return (h << 8) | l;
  } else {
    T tmp = 0;
    memcpy(&tmp, &value[0], 2);
    return tmp;
  }
}

template<class T>
T BigEndianBytesToInt32(uint8_t value[4]) {
  if (IsLittleEndian2()) {
    T a = static_cast<T> (value[0]);
    T b = static_cast<T> (value[1]);
    T c = static_cast<T> (value[2]);
    T d = static_cast<T> (value[3]);
    return (a << 24) | (b << 16) | (c << 8) | d;
  } else {
    T tmp = 0;
    memcpy(&tmp, &value[0], 4);
    return tmp;
  }
}

#endif

最后啊看一下Client.cc文件的代码，真正实现了echo服务器的业务：

#include "business/client.h"
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include "util/endian.h"
#include <booster/log.h>

using namespace boost;

Client::Client(io_service& s):
  Connection(s), size_buffer_(2, 0), string_buffer_(100, 0) {
}

void Client::StartJob() {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " start job" << endl;
  async_read(socket, buffer(size_buffer_),
	     strand_.wrap(bind(&Client::AfterReadSize, shared_from_this(), _1)));
}

void Client::CloseSocket() {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " close socket" << endl;
  Connection::CloseSocket();
}

Client::~Client() {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " ~client" << endl;
  CloseSocket();
}


void Client::AfterReadString(error_code const& ec, uint16_t size) {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " enter AfterReadString" << endl;
  if (ec) {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << ec.message() << endl;
    return;
  }

  string str(string_buffer_.begin(), string_buffer_.begin() + size);
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " str:" << str << endl;

  size_buffer_.assign(2, 0);
  uint16_t s = Int16ToBigEndian(size);
  memcpy(&size_buffer_[0], &s, 2);
  
  async_write(socket, buffer(size_buffer_),
	      strand_.wrap(bind(&Client::AfterSendSize, shared_from_this(), _1, s)));
}

void Client::AfterReadSize(error_code const& ec) {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " enter AfterReadSize" << endl;
  if (ec) {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << ec.message() << endl;
    return;
  }

  uint16_t size = BigEndianBytesToInt16<uint16_t>(size_buffer_);
  if (size > 0) {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " correct size received, size:" << size << endl;
    string_buffer_.assign(100, 0);
    async_read(socket, buffer(string_buffer_, size),
    	       strand_.wrap(bind(&Client::AfterReadString, shared_from_this(), _1, size)));
  } else {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " wrong size received, size:" << size << endl;
    CloseSocket();
  }
}

void Client::AfterSendSize(error_code const& ec, uint16_t size) {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " enter AfterSendSize" << endl;
  if (ec) {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << ec.message() << endl;
    return;
  }
  async_write(socket, buffer(string_buffer_, size),
    	       strand_.wrap(bind(&Client::AfterSendString, shared_from_this(), _1, size)));
  
}

void Client::AfterSendString(error_code const& ec, uint16_t size) {
  BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << " enter AfterSendString" << endl;
  if (ec) {
    BOOSTER_INFO("Client") << "thread id: " << this_thread::get_id() << ec.message() << endl;
    return;
  }
  size_buffer_.assign(2, 0);
  async_read(socket, buffer(size_buffer_),
	     strand_.wrap(bind(&Client::AfterReadSize, shared_from_this(), _1)));  
}

为完整起见，client.h文件代码也贴一下：

#ifndef BUSINESS_CLIENT_H_
#define BUSINESS_CLIENT_H_

#include "core/connection.h"
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Client: public Connection<Client> {
 public:
  Client(io_service& s);

  ~Client();

  void StartJob();

  void CloseSocket();

  void AfterReadSize(error_code const& ec);

  void AfterReadString(error_code const& ec, uint16_t size);

  void AfterSendSize(error_code const& ec, uint16_t size);

  void AfterSendString(error_code const& ec, uint16_t size);

 private:
  vector<uint8_t> size_buffer_;
  vector<uint8_t> string_buffer_;
};

#endif

运行结果，没有失败，并发测试结果证明server是可靠的。