LTE-产生参考信号和同步信号

小区专用参考信号（用于信道估计）

1）参考信号在一个时隙内占据的资源栗子数

switch nTX
    case 1
        no_refsym_per_slot = 4;
    case 2
        no_refsym_per_slot = 8;
    case 4
        no_refsym_per_slot = 12;
    otherwise
        error('wrong nTX.')
end

2）伪随机序列产生

\[\begin{array}{c}
c(n) = \left( {{x_1}(n) + {x_2}(n)} \right)\bmod 2\\
{x_1}(n + 31) = \left( {{x_1}(n + 3) + {x_1}(n)} \right)\bmod 2\\
{x_2}(n + 31) = \left( {{x_2}(n + 3) + {x_2}(n + 2) + {x_2}(n + 1) + {x_2}(n)} \right)\bmod 2
\end{array}\]

为Gold序列，其中第一个PN序列的初始值为

\[{x_1}(0) = 1,{x_1}(n) = 0,n = 1,2,...,30\]

第二个PN序列的初始值为

\[{c_{{\rm{init}}}} = \sum\nolimits_{i = 0}^{30} {{x_2}(i) \cdot {2^i}} \]

取决于具体的应用

PN1:

pn_gen_x1 = commsrc.pn('GenPoly', [1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1], ...
              'InitialStates',   [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1],   ...
              'Shift',         1600,               ...
              'NumBitsOut',    NumBit);
pn_seq1 = generate(pn_gen_x1);

PN2的初始值为

\[{c_{{\rm{init}}}} = {2^{10}} \cdot \left( {7 \cdot \left( {{n_s} + 1} \right) + l + 1} \right) \cdot \left( {2 \cdot N_{ID}^{cell} + 1} \right) + 2 \cdot N_{ID}^{cell} + {N_{CP}}\]

c_ini = de2bi(2^10*(7*(subframe*2-1+floor(SyminSub_i/Nsub*2))+mod(SyminSub_i,Nsub/2)+1)*(2*NIDcell+1)+2*NIDcell+(Nsub==14),31);

PN2:
    for ii=1:size(c_ini,1)
        pn_gen_x2 = commsrc.pn('GenPoly', [1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1], ...
                      'InitialStates',   c_ini(ii,:),   ...
                      'Shift',         1600,               ...
                      'NumBitsOut',    NumBit);
        pn_seq2(:,ii) = generate(pn_gen_x2);
        pn_seq(:,ii) = mod((pn_seq1+pn_seq2(:,ii)),2);
    end

3）参考信号序列产生：

\[{r_{l,{n_{\rm{s}}}}}(m) = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\left( {1 - 2 \cdot c(2m)} \right) + j\frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}\left( {1 - 2 \cdot c(2m + 1)} \right),{\rm{     }}m = 0,1,...,2N_{{\rm{RB}}}^{{\rm{max,DL}}} - 1\]

r = 1/sqrt(2)*(1-2*pn_seq(1:2:end,:))+1i*1/sqrt(2)*(1-2*pn_seq(2:2:end,:));

4）参考信号映射到复值调制符号：

\[a_{k,l}^{(p)} = {r_{l,{n_{\rm{s}}}}}(m')\]

其中，

\[\begin{array}{c}
k = 6m + \left( {v + {v_{{\rm{shift}}}}} \right)\bmod 6\\
l = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}
{0,N_{{\rm{symb}}}^{{\rm{DL}}} - 3}&{{\rm{if }}p \in \left\{ {0,1} \right\}}\\
1&{{\rm{if }}p \in \left\{ {2,3} \right\}}
\end{array}} \right.\\
m = 0,1,...,2 \cdot N_{{\rm{RB}}}^{{\rm{DL}}} - 1\\
m' = m + N_{{\rm{RB}}}^{{\rm{max,DL}}} - N_{{\rm{RB}}}^{{\rm{DL}}}
\end{array}\]

上述公式中的v定义为

\[v = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}
0&{{\rm{if }}p = 0{\rm{ and }}l = 0}\\
3&{{\rm{if }}p = 0{\rm{ and }}l \ne 0}\\
3&{{\rm{if }}p = 1{\rm{ and }}l = 0}\\
0&{{\rm{if }}p = 1{\rm{ and }}l \ne 0}\\
{3({n_{\rm{s}}}\bmod 2)}&{{\rm{if }}p = 2}\\
{3 + 3({n_{\rm{s}}}\bmod 2)}&{{\rm{if }}p = 3}
\end{array}} \right.\]

vshift定义为

\[{v_{{\rm{shift}}}} = N_{{\rm{ID}}}^{{\rm{cell}}}\bmod 6\]