C语法归约之函数（2）

最新推荐文章于 2020-05-25 21:18:05 发布
最新推荐文章于 2020-05-25 21:18:05 发布
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分类专栏： C编译 编程语言 文章标签： 归约 LR 编译原理 c gcc
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上篇给出了数组和指针的归约过程，此篇要进一步开辟新阵地——函数！主要用到文法树中的类型和抽象类型以及语句中的compound-stm;

语句和表达式的归约过程将在后期陆续给出，这里函数定义只是简单的一对花括号。

函数声明和定义归约

示例代码
本代码部分来自与C99标准中的范例 
int f(void);
int f(char *str, ...);
int *fip();
int (*pfi)();
int (*apfi[3])(int *x, int *y);
int (*fpfi(int (*)(long), int))(int, ...);//这个复杂，比较难理解，在此文最后总结部分，给出详细解释和使用实例
void addscalar(int n, int m, int a[n][n*m+300], int x);//来自与C99，不重述
int f(int (*p1)(int (*p2)(int (*p3)(void))));//在总结中给出解释

int f()
{
}
归约过程
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curr: ;  next: int  
declaration-list declaration 
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curr: int  next: f  
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curr: ID  next: (  
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curr: (  next: )  

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declaration-list declaration-specifiers declarator compound-statement 
declaration-list function-definition 
declaration-list function-definition-list 
translation-unit
总结
int (*pfi)();//这是个函数指针

int (*apfi[3])(int *x, int *y); //这是个函数指针数组，三个函数类型是int (*)(int *, int *)指针变量
它的最大应用就是钩子函数！假设三个功能函数接口类型一致，且有相对编号012，那么指针数组就派上用场了，使用编号调用接口等等吧，这只是常见的应用一种方式！ 

int (*fpfi(int (*)(long), int))(int, ...);
从最里层开始看起，int (*)(long)这是个抽象函数类型，它指定了函数fpfi的第一个参数的类型，即fpfi（）函数第一个参数是个函数指针，紧接是个int，即fpfi()第二参数是个整型变量。fpfi（）函数的返回值类型是int (*)(int, ...)，这样就清楚了！
函数名:fpfi
返回值:int(*)(int, ...)
参数:P1:int(*)(long);  p2:int
为了便于理解，写个简单范例，注意这个范例很黄很暴力！哈哈 
#include <stdio.h>

int (*mother(int (*)(long), int))(int);

int girl(long leg)
{
	printf("girl's leg? %ld\n", leg);
	return -1;
}

int boy(int big)
{
	printf("boy's pipe ? %d\n", big);
	return -2;
}

int (*mother(int (*g)(long), int m)) (int)
{
	g(35);
	printf("mother marry%d\n", m);
	return boy;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int (*father)(int);

	printf("first:\n");
	father = mother(girl, 10);
	father(19);

	int (*(*wife)(int (*)(long), int))(int);
	printf("second:\n");
	wife = mother;
	father = wife(girl, 15);
	father(21);
	return 0;
}

int f(int (*p1)(int (*p2)(int (*p3)(void))));
函数f的参数类型是 int (*)(int (*)(int (*)())),意思就是(*p2)的参数是个函数指针int (*)()，（*p1）的参数还是个函数指针 int (*)(int (*)())
一根烂笔头
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