Asp.net Ajax 1.0 异步回调时,服务器端Render原理

Asp.net Ajax 1.0 异步回调时,服务器端Render原理首冼回顾一下
Page页的生命周期

PreInit
Init
InitComplete
LoadState
ProcessPostData
PreLoad
Load
LoadComplete
PreRender      
PrepareCallback //如果有回调
PreRenderComplete
SaveState
SaveStateComplete
Render

不论是Asp.net请求,还是Ajax请求,都要执行上面的页生命周期,

在Page页最后会调用Page.RenderControl()呈现Page所有子控件

流程如下

Page.RenderControl
      Control.RenderControl()
             Control.RenderControl(writer,this.Adapter)
                   Control.RenderControlInternal()
                       Control.Render()   //此时Page.Render()将其重写
                            Control.RenderChildren()
                                  Control.RenderControlInternal()

现在关键所在
Control.RenderControlInternal()实现如下
如果不是Asp.net Ajax处理,肯定会执行foreach依次对所有的子控件进行遍历

 internal void RenderChildrenInternal(HtmlTextWriter writer, ICollection children)
 {           
    //正常情况如果不设置RareFields,进行默认的流程依次对所有子控件进行处理,           
    //如果设置RareFields,意思就是以自定义的方式改写RenderChildren           
    if ((this.RareFields != null) && (this.RareFields.RenderMethod != null))     //当您SetRenderMethodDelegate时,RareFieldsEnsured就有值啦           
    {               
        writer.BeginRender();          
    
        //调用RenderMethod委托,Asp.net Ajax1.0在使用Control.SetRenderMethodDelegate时,对应的回调函数就是在此时处理的               
        this.RareFields.RenderMethod(writer, this);               
        writer.EndRender();           
    }           
    else if (children != null)           
    {                
        //如果不设置这个RareFieldsEnsured,会把Page里所有的控件呈现               
        //依次调用Control里所有子控件的RenderControl               
        foreach (Control control in children)               
        {                   
           control.RenderControl(writer);               
        }            
    }
       
}

以上是Asp.net 的Render处理
肯定有人要问上面的if是干吗的,这个可是微软流的接口呀,整个asp.net ajax全靠这个接口进行处理

在Asp.netAjax1.0上,你肯定要放一个ScriptManager吧
它也是Control的子类,
在Page生命周期的OnPreRender时,它会调用

PageRequestManager.OnPreRender();       

问题就在这，PageRequestManager.OnPreRender()实现如下

_owner.IPage.SetRenderMethodDelegate(RenderPageCallback);

SetRenderMethodDelegate()方法是干什么用的

在Control中,当您调用了SetRenderMethodDelegate会给Control.RareFieldsEnsured设置值
   public void SetRenderMethodDelegate(RenderMethod renderMethod)
        {
            //使用OccasionalFields.RareField
            this.RareFieldsEnsured.RenderMethod = renderMethod;
            this.Controls.SetCollectionReadOnly("Collection_readonly_Codeblocks");
        }

到这一切就清晰了,当您设置了RenderPageCallback,正常的Asp.net流程就不会再走了,所有的子控件就不会被Render
在Asp.netAjax 1.0中使用

private void RenderPageCallback(HtmlTextWriter writer, Control pageControl)
{          
     ...
    //取出当前的HtmlForm
    IHtmlForm formControl = _owner.IPage.Form;  
            
    //手动设置当FormControl.RenderControl时()回调方法  ,因为这个时候Page.Controls里有子控件不会被Render啦,怎么办           
    //手动处理一个呗             
    formControl.SetRenderMethodDelegate(RenderFormCallback);
           
    //同样,HtmlForm.RenderControl不会在Page.Controls里自动触发的
    //这个时候您需要手动的RenderCtronl一下,这样才能调用RenderFormCallback           
    formControl.RenderControl(formWriter); 
           
    //生成客户端回调信息|asyncPostBackControlIDs
    EncodeString(writer, AsyncPostBackControlIDsToken, String.Empty, GetAsyncPostBackControlIDs(false));           
    //生成客户端回调信息 |postBackControlIDs
    EncodeString(writer, PostBackControlIDsToken, String.Empty, GetPostBackControlIDs(false));           
    //生成客户端回调信息 |updatePanelIDs|tUpdatePanel         
    EncodeString(writer, UpdatePanelIDsToken, String.Empty, GetAllUpdatePanelIDs());    
    //生成客户端回调信息 |childUpdatePanelIDs     
    EncodeString(writer, ChildUpdatePanelIDsToken, String.Empty, GetChildUpdatePanelIDs());           
    //生成客户端回调信息 |panelsToRefreshIDs
    EncodeString(writer, UpdatePanelsToRefreshToken, String.Empty, GetRefreshingUpdatePanelIDs());           
    //生成客户端回调信息 |asyncPostBackTimeout           
    EncodeString(writer, AsyncPostBackTimeoutToken, String.Empty, _owner.AsyncPostBackTimeout.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
          
........
       
}
       
private void RenderFormCallback(HtmlTextWriter writer, Control containerControl)        
{         
   ....          
    //呈现所有的UpdatePanel           
    if (_updatePanelsToRefresh != null)            
    {               
        foreach (UpdatePanel panel in _updatePanelsToRefresh)                
        {                  
            if (panel.Visible)                   
            {                
                panel.RenderControl(_updatePanelWriter);        
                //    会生成如何的客户端回调信息    
                //169|updatePanel|UpdatePanel1|/r/n              
            }               
         }
           
    }     
     ...                  
    //依次将页面上所有控件的RenderControl,写入dummyWriter                   
    foreach (Control control in containerControl.Controls)                    
    {                       
         control.RenderControl(dummyWriter);  
         //生成一部分信息
         <input type=/"submit/" name=/"Button1/" value=/"Button/" id=/"Button1/" />/r/n              
         <input name=/"txt/" type=/"text/" value=/"wxy/" id=/"txt/" />/r/n                 
    }       

    注意,在RenderFormCallback时,HttpRequest会手动的Flush()将上面的信息刷加IIS
}

至于Ctronl.Render时,是如何写入HtmlTextWriter,再写入HttpWriter,
再写回HttpWorkRequest,最终刷回内核,或使用socket发送回服务器,不在本文讨论范围.......

由上可见,Asp.net Ajax,必没有使用传统的HttpRequest.Filter来处理回发信息,而是使用了Asp.net 2.0内置的方式和回调的

Asp.net Ajax回调后呈现到客户端有二个部分,一部分是由RenderFormCallback生成的如下

  RenderFormCallback部分会生成如下的客户端脚本        
 169|updatePanel|UpdatePanel1|/r/n  
 
<input type=/"submit/" name=/"Button1/" value=/"Button/" id=/"Button1/" />/r/n              
 <input name=/"txt/" type=/"text/" value=/"wxy/" id=/"txt/" />/r/n  

一部分是RenderPageCallback生成的

 52|hiddenField
|__VIEWSTATE|/wEPDwUJNjg1NjA3NDcxZGRCX32AH2I/NEq+gCFrVr49kQDECw==|56
|hiddenField|__EVENTVALIDATION|/wEWAwKf344xAoznisYGApKGsMIJOfjKisKPYP0O2NXUpNjnA29hMlA=|0
|asyncPostBackControlIDs|||0|postBackControlIDs|||13|updatePanelIDs||tUpdatePanel1|0
|childUpdatePanelIDs|||12|panelsToRefreshIDs||UpdatePanel1|2|asyncPostBackTimeout||90|12
|formAction||Default.aspx|13|pageTitle||Untitled Page|

在客户端的部分Sys.WebForm._onFormSubmitCompleted()会对所有的信息以Json type:type,id:id,content:content进行封装
取出UpdatePanel,设置其innerhtml,客户端详细部分见赵老大的blogs