Redhat/CentOS下yum完美配置方案（顺带yum安装memcached）

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-24 11:23:09 发布

cyxlxp8411

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-24 11:23:09 发布

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看到好多筒子们yum安装memcached不成功，不幸的是，我也遇到了，由于各种原因，花了七八个小时才搞定。

看坛子里好多筒子都有贴处理经验，貌似不是很详细彻底，我索性总结下，希望大家少走弯路。

条条大道通罗马，但是最顺畅的只有一条。。。

我的系统版本为：rhel5.3 32

如果你用的是Redhat，或者是CentOS，那你可能会碰到以下两种情况导致你yum安装memcached失败：

[root@biao ~]# yum install memcached
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
No package memcached available.
Nothing to do

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或者：

[root@biao ~]# yum install memcached
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
No package memcached available.
Nothing to do

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CentOS不注册的话，yum是用不了，Redhat即使注册了，貌似yum还是用不了。不知道rhel官方yum源是不是要另外收费的？哪位筒子给我扫下盲。。

可以尝试一下以下方法：

如果是CentOS，或者遇到第二个错误，可以直接跳到步骤8，如果是Redhat，或者遇到第一个错误，需要按着顺序一步一步来。其他系统，不确定。

步骤1-7就是将Redhat中的yum改为CentOS的yum。

1、先查看下系统当前yum服务的相关的包：

[root@biao ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum
yum-updatesd-0.9-2.el5
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-2.el5
yum-3.2.19-18.el5
yum-security-1.1.16-13.el5
yum-rhn-plugin-0.5.3-30.el5

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2、卸载这些包：

[root@biao ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

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3、下载新的yum包：

[root@biao ~]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
[root@biao ~]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
[root@biao ~]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm

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注意：有可能会碰到版本更改导致找到不到源，可以进到官网上确认下：

http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/

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如果过是64位系统，则i386要改为x86_64，貌似，这个没什么好说的，你懂的。。

log如下：

[root@biao ~]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
--16:03:37-- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
Resolving centos.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110
Connecting to centos.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1034902 (1011K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: `yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm'
100%[====================================================================================>] 1,034,902 29.0K/s in 34s
16:04:28 (29.4 KB/s) - `yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' saved [1034902/1034902]
[root@biao ~]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
--16:06:17-- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
Resolving centos.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110
Connecting to centos.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 21033 (21K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm'
100%[====================================================================================>] 21,033 29.9K/s in 0.7s
16:06:48 (29.9 KB/s) - `yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm' saved [21033/21033]
[root@biao ~]# wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm
--16:07:35-- http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm
Resolving centos.ustc.edu.cn... 202.141.160.110, 2001:da8:d800:95::110
Connecting to centos.ustc.edu.cn|202.141.160.110|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 26053 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm'
100%[====================================================================================>] 26,053 71.3K/s in 0.4s
16:07:51 (71.3 KB/s) - `yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.i386.rpm' saved [26053/26053]
[root@biao ~]#

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如上，就表示下载OK了。。

4、安装下载的yum包：

[root@biao ~]# rpm -ivh yum-*
warning: yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:yum-metadata-parser ########################################### [ 33%]
2:yum-fastestmirror ########################################### [ 67%]
3:yum ########################################### [100%]
[root@biao ~]#

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5、下载yum配置源：
下载到/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下:

wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo

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详细操作：

[root@biao ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@biao yum.repos.d]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 254 Dec 16 2008 rhel-debuginfo.repo
[root@biao yum.repos.d]# mv rhel-debuginfo.repo rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak
[root@biao yum.repos.d]# wget http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo
--16:37:58-- http://docs.linuxtone.org/soft/lemp/CentOS-Base.repo
Resolving docs.linuxtone.org... 119.57.20.28
Connecting to docs.linuxtone.org|119.57.20.28|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1426 (1.4K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: `CentOS-Base.repo'
100%[====================================================================================>] 1,426 --.-K/s in 0s
16:38:25 (552 MB/s) - `CentOS-Base.repo' saved [1426/1426]
[root@biao yum.repos.d]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1426 May 24 2009 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 254 Dec 16 2008 rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak

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6、运行yum update更新：

PS：不确定这一步，是不是必须的，但是，既然一次性搞，就索性更新一把吧，但是前提是要你网速跟得上，有700M的包要下载。

如果你的宽带提供商是中国毛线通信，请慎重！除下载外，安装也挺久。下载我花了半个小时，安装花了将近一个小时，懒得等的，可以跳过这一步试试。

一共下载了595个包，更新了1170项。

期间有两次提示你选择y/N，输入y回车即可。

log太多了，只贴个命令：

[root@biao ~]# yum update

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7、运行yum makecache生成缓存：

[root@biao ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
addons | 1.9 kB 00:00
addons/other_db | 552 B 00:00
base | 1.1 kB 00:00
base/other | 10 MB 00:39
base/group | 1.1 MB 00:15
extras | 2.1 kB 00:00
extras/other_db | 448 kB 00:05
extras/group | 9.7 kB 00:00
update | 1.9 kB 00:00
update/other_db | 22 MB 01:58
base 2725/2725
Metadata Cache Created

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8、测试下yum，yum安装memcached：

[root@biao ~]# yum search mysql
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
====================================================== Matched: mysql =======================================================
mod_auth_mysql.i386 : Basic authentication for the Apache web server using a MySQL database.
qt-MySQL.i386 : MySQL drivers for Qt's SQL classes.
MySQL-python.i386 : An interface to MySQL
apr-util-mysql.i386 : APR utility library MySQL DBD driver
bytefx-data-mysql.i386 : MySQL database connectivity for Mono
freeradius-mysql.i386 : MySQL bindings for freeradius
freeradius2-mysql.i386 : MySQL support for freeradius
libdbi-dbd-mysql.i386 : MySQL plugin for libdbi
mysql.i386 : MySQL client programs and shared libraries
mysql-bench.i386 : MySQL benchmark scripts and data
mysql-connector-odbc.i386 : ODBC driver for MySQL
mysql-connector-odbc64.i386 : ODBC driver for MySQL
mysql-devel.i386 : Files for development of MySQL applications
mysql-server.i386 : The MySQL server and related files
mysql-test.i386 : The test suite distributed with MySQL
pdns-backend-mysql.i386 : MySQL backend for pdns
perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 : A MySQL interface for perl
php-mysql.i386 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases.
php-pdo.i386 : A database access abstraction module for PHP applications
php-pear-MDB2-Driver-mysql.noarch : MySQL MDB2 driver
php53-mysql.i386 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php53-pdo.i386 : A database access abstraction module for PHP applications
qt4-mysql.i386 : MySQL drivers for Qt's SQL classes
rsyslog.i386 : Enhanced system logging and kernel message trapping daemon
rsyslog-mysql.i386 : MySQL support for rsyslog
unixODBC.i386 : A complete ODBC driver manager for Linux
unixODBC64.i386 : A complete ODBC driver manager for Linux
[root@biao ~]# yum search memcached
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
==================================================== Matched: memcached =====================================================
php-pecl-memcache.i386 : Extension to work with the Memcached caching daemon

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可以看到，yum是配置好了，但是貌似找不memchaced，可以再确认下：

[root@biao ~]# yum install memcached
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
No package memcached available.
Nothing to do

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memcached就是安装不了。

这是因为缺少了扩展包 EPEL(Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux)，可以用 yum repolist 命令检查下。

解决方法很简单，再安装一个包，

[root@biao ~]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-xfer.DFnB18: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 217521f6
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:epel-release ########################################### [100%]

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我的系统版本5，如果是6的话，执行这一句：

rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm

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但是进到rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6目录下，找不到相关的memcached包，用6的筒子可以试下。

repolist检查下：

[root@biao ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
repo id repo name status
addons CentOS-5 - Addons 0
base CentOS-5 - Base 2,725
epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - i386 5,873
extras CentOS-5 - Extras 286
update CentOS-5 - Updates 993
repolist: 9,877

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出现 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - i386 5,873 即表示epel安装成功。

再次安装memcached：

[root@biao ~]# yum install memcached
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
epel | 3.7 kB 00:00
epel/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:03
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package memcached.i386 0:1.4.5-1.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
memcached i386 1.4.5-1.el5 epel 71 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 71 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
memcached-1.4.5-1.el5.i386.rpm | 71 kB 00:02
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 217521f6
epel/gpgkey | 1.7 kB 00:00
Importing GPG key 0x217521F6 "Fedora EPEL <epel@fedoraproject.org>" from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : memcached 1/1
Installed:
memcached.i386 0:1.4.5-1.el5
Complete!

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9、测试下memcached的使用：
1）、启动服务：

[root@biao ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached start
Starting memcached: [ OK ]

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启动是OK的，可以再确认下进程是否启动:

[root@biao ~]# pstree
...
├─memcached───5*[{memcached}]
...

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看到memcached服务已经启动了，也可以通过ps aux|grep命令确认：

[root@biao ~]# ps aux|grep memcached
101 24352 0.0 0.0 54356 684 ? Ssl 11:49 0:00 memcached -d -p 11211 -u memcached -m 64 -c 1024 -P /var/run/memcached/memcached.pid
root 24457 0.0 0.0 4020 712 pts/3 S+ 11:52 0:00 grep memcached

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2）、连接并测试memcached:

[root@biao ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
set test 0 0 4
tttt
STORED
get test
VALUE test 0 4
tttt
END

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memcached运行正常。

至此，yum配置成功，yum安装memcached成功。

From:http://f.dataguru.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=44212&fromuid=4771

cyxlxp8411

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Redhat/CentOS下yum完美配置方案（顺带yum安装memcached）

看到好多筒子们yum安装memcached不成功，不幸的是，我也遇到了，由于各种原因，花了七八个小时才搞定。看坛子里好多筒子都有贴处理经验，貌似不是很详细彻底，我索性总结下，希望大家少走弯路。条条大道通罗马，但是最顺畅的只有一条。。。我的系统版本为：rhel5.3 32如果你用的是Redhat，或者是CentOS，那你可能会碰到以下两种情况导致你yum安装memcached失败
复制链接

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