windows mobile下用directshow做一个简单的摄象头预览并抓取BMP图片

前些日子在CSDN上遇到很多人问directshow是如何驱动摄象头的,看来很多人对于directshow的一些基本知识还不够清晰,于是我就写一篇文章介绍一下:

 

 

directshow的原理大概大家都知道,基本就是用微软封装的接口来实现硬件无关性,但是最终调用的接口都要在驱动层有对应的实现:

 

 

为了更清楚地演示directshow的数据传输过程,我必须说明的这个程序的基本流程。我采用的是vs2005 + windows mobile 6。0 professional 仿真模拟器，驱动层传出的是176*144格式的rgb565的数据，最后我将保存图片为RGB24的bmp图片。

 

说明：source filter从驱动层获取数据后一般分成两个pin将数据传出，一个是still pin用于传输静态数据，一帧的数据，一个是capture pin用于传出连续的视频数据，用RenderStream的方式gcap.pBuilder->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW,&MEDIATYPE_Video, gcap.pCap, NULL, gcap.pRenderP);默认会产生Smart Tee这个filter,这个filter将接收到的数据分成两份，同样也是分成两个pin传出，本例中我只用到smartTee传出的preview这个pin,连接到Render Filter以显示图象数据.

 

以下是主要程序部分(DDCam.cpp)：

 

#include <windows.h> #include <mmsystem.h> #include "streams.h" #include <cs.h> #include <csmedia.h> #include <camera.h> #include <aygshell.h> #include "ddcam.h" #include "grabber.h" #include <windef.h> #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 #define WM_GRAPHNOTIFY WM_APP + 1 #define SAFE_RELEASE(x) { if (x) x->Release(); x = NULL; } #define CHK( x ) do{ if( FAILED( hr = ( x ))) { goto Cleanup; }} while( FALSE ); #define ERR( x ) do{ hr = x; goto Cleanup; } while( FALSE ); #define ARRAYSIZE(s) (sizeof(s) / sizeof(s[0])) struct _capstuff { TCHAR szCaptureFile[_MAX_PATH]; WORD wCapFileSize; ICaptureGraphBuilder2 *pBuilder; IVideoWindow *pVWS, *pVWP; IMediaEventEx *pME; IAMDroppedFrames *pDF; IAMVideoCompression *pVC; IAMVideoControl *pAMVidControl; IAMCameraControl *pCamControl; IAMVideoProcAmp *pVProcAmp; IAMStreamConfig *pConfigP; //Preview config IAMStreamConfig *pVSC; // for video cap IBaseFilter *pRenderS; //Still render IBaseFilter *pRenderP; //Preview render IBaseFilter *pCap; IGraphBuilder *pGraph; CSampleGrabber *pGrab; IFileSinkFilter *pSink; BOOL fStillGraphBuilt; BOOL fPreviewGraphBuilt; BOOL fStillCapturing; BOOL fPreviewing; } gcap; // Global Variables: HINSTANCE g_hInstance = NULL; // The current instance HWND g_hWnd; //The window instance HWND g_hWndMenu; //Menu handle HWND hWndMenuStill = NULL; // Forward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass (HINSTANCE, LPTSTR); BOOL InitInstance (HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); HRESULT SetCapMode(IBaseFilter *pCap); HRESULT OpenCamera(LPCOLESTR lpFile,BOOL bCapture,BOOL bStill,BOOL bPreview); BOOL WriteBMPToDisk(unsigned char *pStillImageBuffer,long size); void UpdatePictureNumber(); BOOL WriteBMPToTXT(unsigned char *pStillImageBuffer,long lBufferSize); HRESULT ActivatePreviousInstance(const TCHAR* pszClass,const TCHAR* pszTitle,BOOL* pfActivated); int g_PicNumber=0; HRESULT Callback( IMediaSample * pSample, REFERENCE_TIME * StartTime, REFERENCE_TIME * StopTime,BOOL TypeChanged ) { unsigned char *pbuf; HRESULT hr = S_OK; // NOTE: We cannot do anything with this sample until we call GetConnectedMediaType // on the filter to find out what format these samples are. RETAILMSG(1, (TEXT("Callback with sample %lx for time %ld"), pSample, long( *StartTime / 10000 ) ) ); hr = pSample->GetPointer(&pbuf); LONG lSize = pSample->GetActualDataLength(); BOOL bReturn = WriteBMPToDisk(pbuf,lSize); WriteBMPToTXT(pbuf,lSize); if(bReturn == FALSE) { return S_FALSE; } return hr ; } BOOL StartPreview() { HRESULT hr; IMediaControl *pMC = NULL; hr = gcap.pGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void **)&pMC); if(SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = pMC->Run(); if(FAILED(hr)) { // stop parts that ran pMC->Stop(); } pMC->Release(); } if(FAILED(hr)) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; } // stop the preview graph // BOOL StopPreview() { // way ahead of you if(!gcap.fPreviewing) { return FALSE; } // stop the graph IMediaControl *pMC = NULL; HRESULT hr = gcap.pGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void **)&pMC); if(SUCCEEDED(hr)) { hr = pMC->Stop(); pMC->Release(); } if(FAILED(hr)) { return FALSE; } gcap.fPreviewing = FALSE; return TRUE; } BOOL CloseCamera() { SAFE_RELEASE(gcap.pCap); SAFE_RELEASE(gcap.pConfigP); SAFE_RELEASE(gcap.pVWS); SAFE_RELEASE(gcap.pVWP); SAFE_RELEASE(gcap.pGraph); SAFE_RELEASE(gcap.pBuilder); return TRUE; } HRESULT CaptureStillImage() { HRESULT hr; hr = SetCapMode(gcap.pCap); //Run still pin return hr; } HRESULT InitCapFilter() { HRESULT hr = S_OK; GUID clsid = DEVCLASS_CAMERA_GUID; IPersistPropertyBag *pPropertyBag = NULL; // Create Capture Filter CHK( hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_VideoCapture, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IBaseFilter, (void **)&gcap.pCap) ); DEVMGR_DEVICE_INFORMATION pdi; HANDLE hand = FindFirstDevice(DeviceSearchByGuid,&clsid,&pdi); RETAILMSG(1, (TEXT("CamTest: Find device: %x %x/r/n"),hand,pdi.szDeviceName)); CHK( hr = gcap.pCap->QueryInterface(IID_IPersistPropertyBag, (void **)&pPropertyBag) ); if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) { return hr; } VARIANT varCamName; IPropertyBag *propBag = NULL; varCamName.byref = L"CAM1:" ; CHK( hr = pPropertyBag->Load(propBag,NULL) ); SAFE_RELEASE(pPropertyBag); Cleanup: if(FAILED(hr)) { OutputDebugString(L"Initial Error!"); SendMessage(g_hWnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0); } return hr; } HRESULT SetupVideoWindow(IVideoWindow *pVW) { HRESULT hr = S_OK; if (pVW) { CHK( hr = pVW->SetWindowPosition(0,0,240,268) ); CHK( hr = pVW->put_Owner((OAHWND)g_hWnd) ); CHK( hr = pVW->put_WindowStyle(WS_CHILD) ); } Cleanup: if(FAILED(hr)) { OutputDebugString(L"Setup window Error!"); } return hr; } HRESULT ConnectFilters(IGraphBuilder *pGraph,IBaseFilter *pF1, int iPin1,IBaseFilter *pF2,int iPin2,IPin **ppPinout) { IPin *pPin1, *pPin2; IEnumPins *pEnum; unsigned long fetched; HRESULT hr = S_OK; hr = pF1->EnumPins(&pEnum); while (iPin1>0) { hr = pEnum->Next(1,&pPin1,&fetched); //Skip Capture pin iPin1--; } hr = pEnum->Next(1,&pPin1,&fetched); hr = pF2->EnumPins(&pEnum); while (iPin2>0) { hr = pEnum->Next(1,&pPin2,&fetched); //Skip Capture pin iPin2--; } hr = pEnum->Next(1,&pPin2,&fetched); hr = pGraph->Connect(pPin1,pPin2); if (ppPinout) { *ppPinout = pPin1; } if (!SUCCEEDED(hr)) RETAILMSG(1, (TEXT("CamTest: Fail to Connect Pin! %x/r/n"),hr)); return hr; } HRESULT BuildGraph() { HRESULT hr; gcap.pGrab = new CSampleGrabber(NULL,&hr,FALSE); gcap.pGrab->AddRef(); gcap.pGrab->SetCallback(&Callback); CMediaType mt; mt.SetType(&MEDIATYPE_Video); mt.SetSubtype(&MEDIASUBTYPE_RGB24); gcap.pGrab->SetAcceptedMediaType(&mt); // Create the Filter Graph Manager. hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **)&gcap.pGraph); // Create the Capture Graph Builder. hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CaptureGraphBuilder, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICaptureGraphBuilder2, (void **)&gcap.pBuilder); hr = gcap.pGraph->AddFilter(gcap.pCap,L"Video Capture Source"); hr = gcap.pGraph->AddFilter(gcap.pGrab,L"SampleGrabber"); gcap.pBuilder->SetFiltergraph(gcap.pGraph); hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_VideoRenderer, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IBaseFilter, (void **)&gcap.pRenderP); hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_VideoRenderer, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IBaseFilter, (void **)&gcap.pRenderS); hr = gcap.pGraph->AddFilter(gcap.pRenderP,L"Video Render"); hr = gcap.pGraph->AddFilter(gcap.pRenderS,L"Video Render"); hr = gcap.pBuilder->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW,&MEDIATYPE_Video, gcap.pCap, NULL, gcap.pRenderP); hr = gcap.pRenderP->QueryInterface(IID_IVideoWindow, (voi