android 打开各种文件的方法

* 打开文件
* @param file
*/ 
private void openFile(File file){ 

Intent intent = new Intent(); 
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
//设置intent的Action属性 
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
//获取文件file的MIME类型 
String type = getMIMEType(file); 
//设置intent的data和Type属性。 
intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type); 
//跳转 
startActivity(intent); //这里最好try一下，有可能会报错。 //比如说你的MIME类型是打开邮箱，但是你手机里面没装邮箱客户端，就会报错。

} 

/**
* 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
* @param file
*/ 
private String getMIMEType(File file) { 

String type="*/*"; 
String fName = file.getName(); 
//获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。 
int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf("."); 
if(dotIndex < 0){ 
return type; 
} 
/* 获取文件的后缀名*/ 
String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
if(end=="")return type; 
//在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。 
for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){ //MIME_MapTable??在这里你一定有疑问，这个MIME_MapTable是什么？ 
if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0])) 
type = MIME_MapTable[i][1]; 
} 
return type; 
} 

MIME_MapTable是所有文件的后缀名所对应的MIME类型的一个String数组：

<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={ 
//{后缀名，MIME类型} 
{".3gp", "video/3gpp"}, 
{".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"}, 
{".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"}, 
{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"}, 
{".bin", "application/octet-stream"}, 
{".bmp", "image/bmp"}, 
{".c", "text/plain"}, 
{".class", "application/octet-stream"}, 
{".conf", "text/plain"}, 
{".cpp", "text/plain"}, 
{".doc", "application/msword"}, 
{".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"}, 
{".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"}, 
{".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}, 
{".exe", "application/octet-stream"}, 
{".gif", "image/gif"}, 
{".gtar", "application/x-gtar"}, 
{".gz", "application/x-gzip"}, 
{".h", "text/plain"}, 
{".htm", "text/html"}, 
{".html", "text/html"}, 
{".jar", "application/java-archive"}, 
{".java", "text/plain"}, 
{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"}, 
{".jpg", "image/jpeg"}, 
{".js", "application/x-javascript"}, 
{".log", "text/plain"}, 
{".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"}, 
{".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
{".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
{".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
{".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"}, 
{".m4v", "video/x-m4v"}, 
{".mov", "video/quicktime"}, 
{".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
{".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
{".mp4", "video/mp4"}, 
{".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"}, 
{".mpe", "video/mpeg"}, 
{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"}, 
{".mpg", "video/mpeg"}, 
{".mpg4", "video/mp4"}, 
{".mpga", "audio/mpeg"}, 
{".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"}, 
{".ogg", "audio/ogg"}, 
{".pdf", "application/pdf"}, 
{".png", "image/png"}, 
{".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
{".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"}, 
{".prop", "text/plain"}, 
{".rc", "text/plain"}, 
{".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"}, 
{".rtf", "application/rtf"}, 
{".sh", "text/plain"}, 
{".tar", "application/x-tar"}, 
{".tgz", "application/x-compressed"}, 
{".txt", "text/plain"}, 
{".wav", "audio/x-wav"}, 
{".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"}, 
{".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"}, 
{".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"}, 
{".xml", "text/plain"}, 
{".z", "application/x-compress"}, 
{".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"}, 
{"", "*/*"} 
}; 

根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型的另一种方式

 Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    
    /* 调用getMIMEType()来取得MimeType */
    String type = getMIMEType(f);
    /* 设定intent的file与MimeType */
    intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(f),type);
    startActivity(intent); 

 

 /* 判断文件MimeType的method */
  private String getMIMEType(File f) 
  { 
    String type="";
    String fName=f.getName();
    /* 取得扩展名 */
    String end=fName.substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".")+1,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
    
    /* 按扩展名的类型决定MimeType */
    if(end.equals("m4a")||end.equals("mp3")||end.equals("mid")||
       end.equals("xmf")||end.equals("ogg")||end.equals("wav"))
    {
      type = "audio"; 
    }
    else if(end.equals("3gp")||end.equals("mp4"))
    {
      type = "video";
    }
    else if(end.equals("jpg")||end.equals("gif")||end.equals("png")||
            end.equals("jpeg")||end.equals("bmp"))
    {
      type = "image";
    }
    else if(end.equals("apk")) 
    { 
      /* android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES */ 
      //用下载并自动安装apk包
      type = "application/vnd.android.package-archive"; 
      return type;
    } 
    else
    {
      /* 如果无法直接打开，就弹出软件列表给用户选择 */
      type="*";
    }
   
    type += "/*"; 
    return type; 
  }

 

1. Intent open a picture file public:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
5. File("/mnt/sdcard/images/001041580.jpg"));
6. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "image/*");
7. this.startActivity(intent);

 

2. Intent to open a PDF file:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
5. File("file:///android_asset/helphelp.pdf"));
6. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/pdf");
7. this.startActivity(intent);

 

3. Intent to open a text file:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. if (paramBoolean)
5. {
6. Uri uri1 = Uri.parse (param);
7. intent.setDataAndType (URI1, "text/plain");
8. }
9. else
10. {
11. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/hello.txt"));
12. intent.setDataAndType (URI2, "text/plain");
13. }
14. this.startActivity(intent);

 

4. Intent to open the audio file:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
3. intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0);
4. intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0);
5. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ren.mp3"));
6. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "audio/*");
7. this.startActivity(intent);

 

5. Intent to open the video file:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
3. intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0);
4. intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0);
5. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.avi"));
6. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "video/*");
7. this.startActivity(intent);

 

6. Intent to open the CHM file:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.chm"));
5. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application / x-chm");
6. this.startActivity(intent);

 

7. Intent to open a Word document:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/system/etc/help.doc"));
5. intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");
6. this.startActivity(intent);

 

8. Android Excel intent:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/Book1.xls"));
5. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
6. this.startActivity(intent);

 

9. Intent to open the PPT file:

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
2. intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
3. intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
4. Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
5. File("/mnt/sdcard/download/Android_PPT.ppt"));
6. intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
7. this.startActivity(intent);

 

10. Display Html page::

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse ("http://www.google.com");
2. Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
3. this.startActivity(intent);

 

11. Show map:

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse ("geo: 38.899533, -77.036476");
2. Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.Action_VIEW, uri);
3. this.startActivity(intent);

 

12. Call the dialer:

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx");
2. Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
3. this.startActivity(intent);

 

13. Call :

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx");
2. Intent it = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_CALL, uri);
3. this.startActivity(intent);
4. /*permission:
5. <uses-permission id="android.permission.CALL_PHONE">
6. </uses-permission> */

 

14. Call to send text messages of the program :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
2. intent.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
3. intent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
4. this.startActivity(intent);

 

15. Send SMS :

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123");
2. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
3. intent.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
4. this.startActivity(intent);

 

16. Send MMS :

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
2. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
3. intent.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");
4. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
5. intent.setType("image/png");
6. this.startActivity(intent);

 

17. Send an Email :

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse ("mailto: xxx@abc.com");
2. Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
3. this.startActivity(intent);

 

18. Send an Email with body :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
2. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL,"me@abc.com");
3. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT,"The email body text");
4. intent.setType ("text/plain");
5. this.startActivity(
6. Intent.createChooser(intent, "Choose Email Client"));

 

19. Send an Email with body,to,cc :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
2. String [] tos ={"me@abc.com"};
3. String [] ccs ={"you@abc.com"};
4. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
5. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
6. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
7. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
8. intent.setType("message/rfc822");
9. this.startActivity(
10. Intent.createChooser(intent, "Choose Email Client"));

 

20. Send an Email with attachments :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
2. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,"The email subject text");
3. intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM,"file :///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
4. sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
5. this.startActivity(
6. Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

 

21. Uninstall the program :

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.fromParts ("package", strPackageName, null);
2. Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
3. this.startActivity(
4. Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

 

22. Install the apk :

 

Java代码

1. Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null);
2. returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri);
3. this.startActivity(returnIt);

 

23. Search applications :

 

Java代码

1. Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?Q=pname:pkg_name");
2. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
3. this.startActivity(intent);
4. //Where pkg_name is the full package path for an application

 

24. Google Search Launch Web Browser :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
2. String term = "Android";
3. intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, term);
4. activity.startActivity(intent);

 

25. Send text using Intent (to messaging apps) :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
2. String msgBody = "This is message";
3. Intent intent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
4. intent.setType("text/plain");
5. intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,
6. "message subject");
7. intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, msgBody);
8. activity.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, getResources().
9. getString(R.string.share_by_using)));

 

26. Create Shortcut on "Home Screen" :

 

Java代码

1. Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
2. Intent toPrint = new Intent(this, anCreateshutcut.class);
3. Intent addShortcut = new Intent
4. ("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");
5. addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, "Shutcutname");
6. addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, toPrint);
7. addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON_RESOURCE,
8. Intent.ShortcutIconResource.fromContext(this, R.drawable.icon));
10. Manifest file:
11. <intent-filter>
12. <action android:name="android.intent.action.CREATE_SHORTCUT">
13. <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER">
14. </category></action></intent-filter>
15. <uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.
16. permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT">
17. </uses-permission>