Android 数据存储：五大存储之File存储（内部存储与外部存储）

File存储

之前有些过关于file存储的博客，这里仅作为补充，下面引入一下我之前的博客。
内部存储
外部存储
检测SD卡

内部存储

　　我们所说的内部存储是指手机内部卡的存储，存储方式有两种，
　　一种是通过file=openFileOutput()获得，将数据存储在data/data/+包名+files下面。
　　一种是通过getCacheDir()来获得存储路径，将数据写在data/data/+包名+cache下面，第二种方式会有一个最后修改时间，就好像我们加载的新闻关了网之后当时能看，第二天或者是什么时候就不能看了，就是因为缓存在cache内，这个路径下的东西可能会自动删除。
　　

使用方法（只是获取的方式不同，路径不同）

方式一

FileInputStream is=openFileInput("hellocache");
//路径：data/data/+包名+files

方式二

File file=new File(getCacheDir(),"hei.txt");
//路径：data/data/+包名+cache

外部存储

关于外部存储大部分人认为是对SD卡的操作，现在我也还没太搞清楚，因为在真机上运行的时候它会加载在手机内存中就是我们常见的\storage\emulated\0路径下。
　　关于外部存储的路径我们通过Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()来获得

使用方法

File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"hellosdcard");

具体实例

关于具体例子大家可以参考代码自己去实现一下。

Activity

package com.example.sharedpreferencedemo;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
    private EditText met;
    private TextView mtv;
    private Button mbtn_read;
    private Button mbtn_write;
    private Button mbtn_write_cache_file;
    private Button mbtn_read_cache_file;
    private Button mbtn_write_cache;
    private Button mbtn_read_cache;
    private Button mbtn_read_sdcard;
    private Button mbtn_write_sdcard;
    private Button mbtn_write_sd;
    private SharedPreferences preference;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        findviewid();
        setlistener();


    }
    private void setlistener() {
            mbtn_read.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_write.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_write_cache_file.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_read_cache_file.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_write_cache.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_read_cache.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_read_sdcard.setOnClickListener(this);
            mbtn_write_sdcard.setOnClickListener(this);


    }
    private void findviewid() {
        met=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_write);
        mtv=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_read);
        mbtn_read=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_read);
        mbtn_write=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_write);
        mbtn_write_cache_file=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_write_cache_file);
        mbtn_read_cache_file=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_read_cache_file);
        mbtn_write_cache=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_write_cache);
        mbtn_read_cache=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_read_cache);
        mbtn_read_sdcard=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_read_sdcard);
        mbtn_write_sdcard=(Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_write_sdcard);

    }
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
        case R.id.bt_read:
            readsharedpreference();         
            break;
        case R.id.bt_write:
            writesharedpreference();            
            break;
        case R.id.bt_write_cache_file:
            writecachefile();                               
            break;
        case R.id.bt_read_cache_file:
            reacachefile();     
            break;
        case R.id.bt_write_cache:
            writecache();           
            break;
        case R.id.bt_read_cache:
            readfromcache();
            break;
        case R.id.bt_read_sdcard:
            readsdcard();
            break;
        case R.id.bt_write_sdcard:
            writesdcard();
            break;

        default:
            break;
        }

    }

    private void writesdcard() {

        if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
        File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"hellosdcard");
        Log.d("路径", Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath());

        if(!file.exists()){
            try {
                file.createNewFile();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
           try {
            FileOutputStream oscache=new FileOutputStream(file);
            PrintWriter writecache=new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(oscache)); 
            oscache.write("你好cache".getBytes());
            oscache.flush();
            oscache.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        }   
    }
    private void readsdcard() {
        File file=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"hellosdcard");
        try {
            FileInputStream is=new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
            String s=br.readLine();
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), s, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            while(s!=null){
                s=br.readLine();
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), s, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                mtv.setText(s);
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    private void readfromcache() {
        File file=new File(getCacheDir(),"hei.txt");
        try {
            FileInputStream is=new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
            String s=br.readLine();
            while(s!=null){
                s=br.readLine();
                mtv.setText(s);
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }
    private void writecache() {
        File file=new File(getCacheDir(),"hei.txt");
        if(!file.exists()){
            try {
                file.createNewFile();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
           try {
            FileOutputStream oscache=new FileOutputStream(file);
            PrintWriter writecache=new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(oscache)); 
            writecache.write("你好cache");
            writecache.flush();
            writecache.close();
            oscache.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        }


    private void reacachefile() {
        try {
            FileInputStream is=openFileInput("hellocache");
            BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
            String line=br.readLine();
            while(line!=null){
                line=br.readLine();
            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    private void writecachefile() {
        try {
            FileOutputStream os=openFileOutput("hellocache", MODE_PRIVATE);
            PrintWriter pintwrite=new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os)); 
            pintwrite.write("你好缓存");
            pintwrite.flush();
            pintwrite.close();
            os.close();

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    private void writesharedpreference() {
        preference=getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
        Editor editor=preference.edit();
        editor.putString("edittext", met.getText().toString());

        editor.commit();

    }
    private void readsharedpreference() {
        readsharedpreference();
        preference=getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
        String s=preference.getString("edittext", "空");
        mtv.setText(s);
    }
}

备注

在上面的图片中我们所看到的legacy文件夹下是我们的手机内存的存储文件；sdcard1是我们外部SD卡。