iOS 蓝牙开发基础

参考SDK：Core Bluetooth Programming Guide

1，框架总览

2，中心和外设
中心：需要数据方
外设：提供数据方

3，中心，外设，外设数据的表示
3.1 中心侧对象

3.2 外设侧对象

4，中心侧任务
4.1 建立中心管理者对象
myCentralManager =
[[CBCentralManager alloc] initWithDelegate:self queue:nil options:nil];

并且实现centralManagerDidUpdateState:代理方法，确保当前BLE设备可以支持并可以作为中心。

4.2 发现外设
[myCentralManager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:nil];

发现外设后，下面的代理方法会被调用
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central
didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData
RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI {

NSLog(@"Discovered %@", peripheral.name);
self.discoveredPeripheral = peripheral;
...

停掉扫描
[myCentralManager stopScan];

4.3 连接到外设
[myCentralManager connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil];

连接成功后，下面的代理被调用
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central
didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral {

NSLog(@"Peripheral connected");
peripheral.delegate = self;
...

4.4 搜索已连接外设的服务
[peripheral discoverServices:nil];
这样会搜索该外设上的所有可用服务，会耗费电量。可以通过制定服务的UUID来节省电量。

搜索成功后的回调：
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error {

for (CBService *service in peripheral.services) {
    NSLog(@"Discovered service %@", service);
    ...
}
...

4.5 搜索服务的特性
[peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:interestingService];

回调：
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service
error:(NSError *)error {

for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) {
    NSLog(@"Discovered characteristic %@", characteristic);
    ...
}
...

4.6 读取特征的值
NSLog(@”Reading value for characteristic %@”, interestingCharacteristic);
[peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:interestingCharacteristic];

回调
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic
error:(NSError *)error {

NSData *data = characteristic.value;
// parse the data as needed
...

4.7 订阅特征值
[peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:interestingCharacteristic];
回调
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
didUpdateNotificationStateForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic
error:(NSError *)error {

if (error) {
    NSLog(@"Error changing notification state: %@",
       [error localizedDescription]);
}
...

4.8 写特征值
NSLog(@”Writing value for characteristic %@”, interestingCharacteristic);
[peripheral writeValue:dataToWrite forCharacteristic:interestingCharacteristic
type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];

回调
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic
error:(NSError *)error {

if (error) {
    NSLog(@"Error writing characteristic value: %@",
        [error localizedDescription]);
}
...

5，外设侧任务
暂时省略

6，Core Bluetooth后台处理
App进入后台状态后立刻进入挂起状态，便无法接受蓝牙事件。

6.1 增加后台模式
bluetooth-centeral
bluetooth-peripheral

6.2 做负责任的后台App，尽可能少的在后台工作。

7，其他注意
iOS10之后，要在info.plist中增加NSBluetoothPeripheralUsageDescription.