NSMethodSignature和NSInvocation的用法

NSMethodSignature顾名思义应该就是“方法签名”，类似于C++中的编译器时的函数签名。

官方定义该类为对方法的参数、返回类似进行封装，协同NSInvocation实现消息转发。

通过消息转发可以用B实现A的方法。也是一种多重继承的解决方法。

interface LOCBird : NSObject {
 NSString* name_;
    
}
@end


@implementation LOCBird

- (id)init
{
 self = [super init];
 if (self) {
  name_ = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"I am a Bird!!"];
  
 }
 return self;
}

- (void)dealloc
{
 [name_ release];
 [super dealloc];
}

- (NSMethodSignature *)methodSignatureForSelector:(SEL)aSelector
{
 NSMethodSignature* signature = [super methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];
 if (signature==nil) {
  signature = [name_ methodSignatureForSelector:aSelector];
 }
 NSUInteger argCount = [signature numberOfArguments];
 for (NSInteger i=0 ; i<argCount ; i++) {
  NSLog(@"%s" , [signature getArgumentTypeAtIndex:i]);
 }
 NSLog(@"returnType:%s ,returnLen:%d" , [signature methodReturnType] , [signature methodReturnLength]);
 NSLog(@"signature:%@" , signature);
 return signature;
}

- (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)anInvocation
{
 NSLog(@"forwardInvocation:%@" , anInvocation);
 SEL seletor = [anInvocation selector];
 if ([name_ respondsToSelector:seletor]) {
  [anInvocation invokeWithTarget:name_];
 }
 
}

@end

//调用
 id bird = [[LOCBird alloc] init];
 NSLog(@"len= %d", [bird length]);

输出 参考

表 6-1  Objective-C类型编码

编码	含义
c	char
i	int
s	short
l	long 在64位程序中，l为32位。
q	long long
C	unsigned char
I	unsigned int
S	unsigned short
L	unsigned long
Q	unsigned long long
f	float
d	double
B	C++标准的bool或者C99标准的_Bool
v	void
*	字符串（char *）
@	对象（无论是静态指定的还是通过id引用的）
#	类（Class）
:	方法选标（SEL）
[array type]	数组
{name=type...}	结构体
(name=type...)	联合体
bnum	num个bit的位域
^type	type类型的指针
?	未知类型（其它时候，一般用来指函数指针）

使用方法

-(void) initWithTarget:(id) rec selector:(SEL) cb{
    anchorPoint_ = ccp(0.5f, 0.5f);
    NSMethodSignature * sig = nil;
    if( rec && cb ) {
        sig = [rec methodSignatureForSelector:cb];
        invocation = nil;
        invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:sig];
        [invocation setTarget:rec];
        [invocation setSelector:cb];
        [invocation setArgument:&self atIndex:2];
        [invocation retain];
    }
}

当 [invocation invoke];是调用SEL。上述第二个参数为自身。

用NSMethodSignature和NSInvocation实现编码

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)encoder{
	NSDictionary *attrDic = [self getKeyAndObjectForDictionry];
	if (attrDic == nil) {
		return;
	}
	NSEnumerator *keyEnum = [attrDic keyEnumerator];
	id attributeName;
	while ((attributeName = [keyEnum nextObject])) {
		SEL getSel = NSSelectorFromString(attributeName);
		if ([self respondsToSelector:getSel]) {
			NSMethodSignature *signature = nil;
			signature = [self methodSignatureForSelector:getSel];
			NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];
			[invocation setTarget:self];
			[invocation setSelector:getSel];
			NSObject *valueObj = nil;
			[invocation invoke];
			[invocation getReturnValue:&valueObj];
			
			if (valueObj) {
				[encoder encodeObject:valueObj forKey:attributeName];
			}
		}
	}
}