[leetcode] 13. Roman to Integer

Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer.

Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.

any of the letters representing numbers in the Roman numerical system: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1,000. In this system, a letter placed after another of greater value adds (thus XVI or xvi is 16), whereas a letter placed before another of greater value subtracts (thus XC or xc is 90).

Solution 1:

Idea: use switch flow. If current val is smaller than next val, minus current val. (36ms for 3999 cases)

class Solution {
public:
    int romanToInt(string s) {
        int num_digit = s.size();
        int ret = 0;
        int cur = 0, aft = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i<num_digit-1; i++){
            cur = characterToInt(s[i]);
            aft = characterToInt(s[i+1]);
            if (cur < aft) 
                ret -= cur;
            else
                ret += cur;
        }
        ret += characterToInt(s[num_digit-1]);
        return ret;
        
    }
    int characterToInt(char c){
        int val;
        switch (c){
            case 'I':
                val= 1;
                break;
            case 'V':
                val= 5;
                break;
            case 'X':
                val= 10;
                break;
            case 'L':
                val= 50;
                break;
            case 'C':
                val= 100;
                break;
            case 'D':
                val= 500;
                break;
            case 'M':
                val= 1000;
        }
        return val;
    }
};

Solution 2

Idea: use hash table (72ms for 3999 cases)

class Solution {
public:
    int romanToInt(string s) {
        unordered_map<char,int> hs;
        hs['M'] = 1000;
        hs['D'] = 500;
        hs['C'] = 100;
        hs['L'] = 50;
        hs['X'] = 10;
        hs['V'] = 5;
        hs['I'] = 1;
        
        int ret= 0;
        for(int i=0; i<s.size()-1;i++){
            int val = hs[s[i]];
            int aft = hs[s[i+1]];
            if(val<aft)
                ret-= val;
            else
                ret+= val;
        }
        ret+= hs[s[s.size()-1]];
        return ret;
        
    }
};