基于对话框的MFC应用程序实现菜单的勾选功能

操作系统： Windows7/Windows10 64位

运行环境： Visual Studio 10

文件编码： Unicode

背景：

    在基于对话框的MFC应用程序中，给对话框建立一个菜单，让菜单选中后，对应的菜单项前显示“对勾”，但无法用ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI更新菜单。从命令用户界面处理函数(Command UIhandler)改变菜单状态(启用/禁用,选择/取消选择,更改文字)在由对话框处理时没有正常工作。

原因：

     在下拉菜单显示的时候, WM_INITMENUPOPUP消息被先发送以显示菜单项。MFCCFrameWnd::OnInitMenuPopup函数遍历菜单项并为每个菜单项调用更新命令处理函数（如果有的话）。菜单的外观被更新以反映它的状态（启用/禁用,选择/取消选择）。更新用户界面机制在基于对话框的应用程序中不能工作，因为CDialog没有OnInitMenuPopup 处理函数，而使用CWnd的默认处理函数,该函数没有为菜单项调用更新命令处理函数。

解决办法：

          微软官方解决办法，点击打开链接：https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/242577

1. 在消息映射中添加消息：ON_WM_INITMENUPOPUP
   

   BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CTestDlg, CDialog)
    //{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CTestDlg)
                          ........................
                          ........................
    //}}AFX_MSG_MAP
   
   ON_WM_INITMENUPOPUP()
   END_MESSAGE_MAP()

2. 在对话框类中添加OnInitMenuPopup成员函数，函数体复制下列代码即可

   void CXXXDlg::OnInitMenuPopup(CMenu *pPopupMenu, UINT nIndex,BOOL bSysMenu)
   {
       ASSERT(pPopupMenu != NULL);
       // Check the enabled state of various menu items.
   
       CCmdUI state;
       state.m_pMenu = pPopupMenu;
       ASSERT(state.m_pOther == NULL);
       ASSERT(state.m_pParentMenu == NULL);
   
       // Determine if menu is popup in top-level menu and set m_pOther to
       // it if so (m_pParentMenu == NULL indicates that it is secondary popup).
       HMENU hParentMenu;
       if (AfxGetThreadState()->m_hTrackingMenu == pPopupMenu->m_hMenu)
           state.m_pParentMenu = pPopupMenu;    // Parent == child for tracking popup.
       else if ((hParentMenu = ::GetMenu(m_hWnd)) != NULL)
       {
           CWnd* pParent = this;
              // Child windows don't have menus--need to go to the top!
           if (pParent != NULL &&
              (hParentMenu = ::GetMenu(pParent->m_hWnd)) != NULL)
           {
              int nIndexMax = ::GetMenuItemCount(hParentMenu);
              for (int nIndex = 0; nIndex < nIndexMax; nIndex++)
              {
               if (::GetSubMenu(hParentMenu, nIndex) == pPopupMenu->m_hMenu)
               {
                   // When popup is found, m_pParentMenu is containing menu.
                   state.m_pParentMenu = CMenu::FromHandle(hParentMenu);
                   break;
               }
              }
           }
       }
   
       state.m_nIndexMax = pPopupMenu->GetMenuItemCount();
       for (state.m_nIndex = 0; state.m_nIndex < state.m_nIndexMax;
         state.m_nIndex++)
       {
           state.m_nID = pPopupMenu->GetMenuItemID(state.m_nIndex);
           if (state.m_nID == 0)
              continue; // Menu separator or invalid cmd - ignore it.
   
           ASSERT(state.m_pOther == NULL);
           ASSERT(state.m_pMenu != NULL);
           if (state.m_nID == (UINT)-1)
           {
              // Possibly a popup menu, route to first item of that popup.
              state.m_pSubMenu = pPopupMenu->GetSubMenu(state.m_nIndex);
              if (state.m_pSubMenu == NULL ||
               (state.m_nID = state.m_pSubMenu->GetMenuItemID(0)) == 0 ||
               state.m_nID == (UINT)-1)
              {
               continue;       // First item of popup can't be routed to.
              }
              state.DoUpdate(this, TRUE);   // Popups are never auto disabled.
           }
           else
           {
              // Normal menu item.
              // Auto enable/disable if frame window has m_bAutoMenuEnable
              // set and command is _not_ a system command.
              state.m_pSubMenu = NULL;
              state.DoUpdate(this, FALSE);
           }
   
           // Adjust for menu deletions and additions.
           UINT nCount = pPopupMenu->GetMenuItemCount();
           if (nCount < state.m_nIndexMax)
           {
              state.m_nIndex -= (state.m_nIndexMax - nCount);
              while (state.m_nIndex < nCount &&
               pPopupMenu->GetMenuItemID(state.m_nIndex) == state.m_nID)
              {
               state.m_nIndex++;
              }
           }
           state.m_nIndexMax = nCount;
       }
   }

3. 添加两个事件处理程序：消息类型分别是：COMMAND、UPDATE_COMMAND_UI 
4. 实现两个消息处理程序

   //ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI消息处理程序
   void CXXXAppDlg::OnUpdateAutostartMenu(CCmdUI *pCmdUI)
   {
   	// TODO: 在此添加命令更新用户界面处理程序代码
   	// 根据布尔类型成员变量设置菜单前是否显示选定标记.
   	pCmdUI->SetCheck(m_uCheckState); 
   }
   
   
   //ON_COMMAND消息处理程序
   void CXXXDlg::OnAutostartMenu()
   {
   	// TODO: 在此添加命令处理程序代码
   	//单击菜单调用此函数，改变布尔类型成员变量的状态
   	m_uCheckState = !m_uCheckState;
   	
   	//其它代码，菜单实现的功能
   }

   
   
   

参考文章：

                                      点击打开链接：在基于对话框的ＭＦＣ应用应用程序中，自己给对话框建立一个菜单，想让菜单选中后，对应的菜单项前显示