Android中的几种网络请求方式详解

Android应用经常会和服务器端交互,这就需要手机客户端发送网络请求,下面介绍四种常用网络请求方式,我这边是通过Android单元测试来完成这四种方法的,还不清楚Android的单元测试的同学们请看Android开发技巧总结中的Android单元测试的步骤一文。

java.net包中的HttpURLConnection类

Get方式:

  1. // Get方式请求  
  2. public static void requestByGet() throws Exception {  
  3.     String path = "https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?id=helloworld&pwd=android";  
  4.     // 新建一个URL对象  
  5.     URL url = new URL(path);  
  6.     // 打开一个HttpURLConnection连接  
  7.     HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();  
  8.     // 设置连接超时时间  
  9.     urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);  
  10.     // 开始连接  
  11.     urlConn.connect();  
  12.     // 判断请求是否成功  
  13.     if (urlConn.getResponseCode() == HTTP_200) {  
  14.         // 获取返回的数据  
  15.         byte[] data = readStream(urlConn.getInputStream());  
  16.         Log.i(TAG_GET, "Get方式请求成功,返回数据如下:");  
  17.         Log.i(TAG_GET, new String(data, "UTF-8"));  
  18.     } else {  
  19.         Log.i(TAG_GET, "Get方式请求失败");  
  20.     }  
  21.     // 关闭连接  
  22.     urlConn.disconnect();  
  23. }  

Post方式:

  1. // Post方式请求  
  2. public static void requestByPost() throws Throwable {  
  3.     String path = "https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp";  
  4.     // 请求的参数转换为byte数组  
  5.     String params = "id=" + URLEncoder.encode("helloworld""UTF-8")  
  6.             + "&pwd=" + URLEncoder.encode("android""UTF-8");  
  7.     byte[] postData = params.getBytes();  
  8.     // 新建一个URL对象  
  9.     URL url = new URL(path);  
  10.     // 打开一个HttpURLConnection连接  
  11.     HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();  
  12.     // 设置连接超时时间  
  13.     urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);  
  14.     // Post请求必须设置允许输出  
  15.     urlConn.setDoOutput(true);  
  16.     // Post请求不能使用缓存  
  17.     urlConn.setUseCaches(false);  
  18.     // 设置为Post请求  
  19.     urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST");  
  20.     urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);  
  21.     // 配置请求Content-Type  
  22.     urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",  
  23.             "application/x-www-form-urlencode");  
  24.     // 开始连接  
  25.     urlConn.connect();  
  26.     // 发送请求参数  
  27.     DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());  
  28.     dos.write(postData);  
  29.     dos.flush();  
  30.     dos.close();  
  31.     // 判断请求是否成功  
  32.     if (urlConn.getResponseCode() == HTTP_200) {  
  33.         // 获取返回的数据  
  34.         byte[] data = readStream(urlConn.getInputStream());  
  35.         Log.i(TAG_POST, "Post请求方式成功,返回数据如下:");  
  36.         Log.i(TAG_POST, new String(data, "UTF-8"));  
  37.     } else {  
  38.         Log.i(TAG_POST, "Post方式请求失败");  
  39.     }  
  40. }  
  

org.apache.http包中的HttpGet和HttpPost类

Get方式:

  1. // HttpGet方式请求  
  2. public static void requestByHttpGet() throws Exception {  
  3.     String path = "https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?id=helloworld&pwd=android";  
  4.     // 新建HttpGet对象  
  5.     HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(path);  
  6.     // 获取HttpClient对象  
  7.     HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();  
  8.     // 获取HttpResponse实例  
  9.     HttpResponse httpResp = httpClient.execute(httpGet);  
  10.     // 判断是够请求成功  
  11.     if (httpResp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HTTP_200) {  
  12.         // 获取返回的数据  
  13.         String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResp.getEntity(), "UTF-8");  
  14.         Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpGet方式请求成功,返回数据如下:");  
  15.         Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, result);  
  16.     } else {  
  17.         Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpGet方式请求失败");  
  18.     }  
  19. }  

Post方式:

  1. // HttpPost方式请求  
  2. public static void requestByHttpPost() throws Exception {  
  3.     String path = "https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp";  
  4.     // 新建HttpPost对象  
  5.     HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(path);  
  6.     // Post参数  
  7.     List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
  8.     params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id""helloworld"));  
  9.     params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd""android"));  
  10.     // 设置字符集  
  11.     HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8);  
  12.     // 设置参数实体  
  13.     httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
  14.     // 获取HttpClient对象  
  15.     HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();  
  16.     // 获取HttpResponse实例  
  17.     HttpResponse httpResp = httpClient.execute(httpPost);  
  18.     // 判断是够请求成功  
  19.     if (httpResp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HTTP_200) {  
  20.         // 获取返回的数据  
  21.         String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResp.getEntity(), "UTF-8");  
  22.         Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpPost方式请求成功,返回数据如下:");  
  23.         Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, result);  
  24.     } else {  
  25.         Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpPost方式请求失败");  
  26.     }  
  27. }  

以上是一些部分代码,测试的时候在测试类中运行对应的测试方法即可。完整代码点这里下载


以流的方式向服务器发送数据:

//HTTP连接管理
public class HTTPManager {
	
	private static final int TIMEOUT = 5000;
	
	private static HTTPManager instance;
	private HttpURLConnection conn;
	private InputStream is;
	private OutputStream os;
	
	// 控制是否是服务器404错误
	public static boolean isStatusFail = false;
	
	//wap网络
	private static final String NETWORK_INFO_CTWAP = "ctwap";
    private static final String NETWORK_INFO_CMWAP = "cmwap";
    
    private static final String CDMA_HOSTNAME = "10.0.0.200";
    private static final String GSM_HOSTNAME = "10.0.0.172";
    private static final int PORT = 80;

	public static HTTPManager getInstance() {
		if (instance == null) {
			instance = new HTTPManager();
		}
		return instance;
	}
	
	/**
     * 获取当前可用网络, 并对相应网络设置代理
     * @param url
     */
    private void setProxy(Context context, URL url){
        Proxy typeProxy = null;
        String apn = ApnUtil.getApnType(context);
        
        if(NETWORK_INFO_CTWAP.equals(apn)){
        	SocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(CDMA_HOSTNAME, PORT);
        	typeProxy = new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, addr);
        }else if(NETWORK_INFO_CMWAP.equals(apn)){
        	SocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(GSM_HOSTNAME, PORT);
        	typeProxy = new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, addr);
        }
        
        try {
			if(typeProxy != null){
				conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(typeProxy);  
			} else {
				conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
    }
	
	// HTTP连接
	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	public final String HTTPConnect(Context context, String urlString, String upload) {
		String result = null;
		BufferedReader rd = null;
		URL url = null;
		conn = null;
		
		os = null;
		try {
			url = new URL(urlString);
			setProxy(context, url);// 设置代理
			if (conn == null) {
				conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
			}
			conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);// 设置超时
			conn.setReadTimeout(TIMEOUT); // 缓存的最长时间
			conn.setDoInput(true);// 允许输入
			conn.setDoOutput(true);// 允许输出
			conn.setUseCaches(false); // 不允许使用缓存
			conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "keep-alive");
			conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
			conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
			if (upload != null) {
				byte[] dataUpdate = upload.getBytes("UTF-8");
				os = conn.getOutputStream();
				os.write(dataUpdate);
			}
			
			int status = 200;
			try {
				status = conn.getResponseCode();
				if (status == HttpStatus.SC_NOT_FOUND) {
					isStatusFail = true;
					return null;
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
			ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
			is = conn.getInputStream();
			byte[] temp = new byte[256];
			int len = 0;
			while ((len = is.read(temp)) != -1) {
				baos.write(temp, 0, len);
			}
			
			byte[] dataResult = baos.toByteArray();
			result = new String(dataResult, "UTF-8");
			is.close();
			is = null;
			
			if (os != null) {
				os.close();
				os = null;
			}
			conn = null;
			url = null;
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
		} catch (IOException e) {
		} catch (Exception e) {
		}

		return result;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 强制断开连接
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean killConnection() {
		try {
			if (is != null) {
				is.close();
				is = null;
			}
			if (os != null) {
				os.close();
				os = null;
			}
			if (conn != null) {
				conn = null;
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}
	
}



http://blog.csdn.net/zuolongsnail/article/details/6373051

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