对于MVVM的理解

参考：http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2015/02/mvcmvp_mvvm.html

一、MVVM 分为3个模块 1.View   2.ViewModel  3.Model

关系为：

注意：View和ViewModel之间是双向绑定的，即View的变动将自动反映在ViewModel上，ViewModel的变动自动反映在View上。

二、MVVM出现的原因：

传统MVC模式中Controller中做了太多的数据加工的事情，随着软件规模的增长，越来越不好维护。越来越不好测试。所以MVVM把数据加工的任务从Controller中解放了出来。使得Controller只需专注于数据调配的工作。ViewModel则去负责数据加工并通过通知机制让View响应ViewModel的改变。（注意这里的View指的是ViewController）

三、View 和 ViewModel的交互

重点讲解：View和ViewModel的交互（核心）

首先要明确的一点是ViewModel的职能：网络请求、网络请求后数据的处理以及数据模型的转换、数据库操作、页面跳转逻辑、以及相关的数据处理等。

示例：

1.定义一个ViewModel的父类。用来处理所以ViewModel公共的部分

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface ViewModelClass : NSObject

@property (strong, nonatomic) ReturnValueBlock returnBlock;
@property (strong, nonatomic) ErrorCodeBlock errorBlock;
@property (strong, nonatomic) FailureBlock failureBlock;

// 传入交互的Block块
-(void) setBlockWithReturnBlock: (ReturnValueBlock) returnBlock
                 WithErrorBlock: (ErrorCodeBlock) errorBlock
               WithFailureBlock: (FailureBlock) failureBlock;
@end

#import "ViewModelClass.h"
@implementation ViewModelClass
#pragma 接收穿过来的block
-(void) setBlockWithReturnBlock: (ReturnValueBlock) returnBlock
                 WithErrorBlock: (ErrorCodeBlock) errorBlock
               WithFailureBlock: (FailureBlock) failureBlock
{
    _returnBlock = returnBlock;
    _errorBlock = errorBlock;
    _failureBlock = failureBlock;
}

@end

2.定义一个WeiboViewModel的子类

#import "ViewModelClass.h"
#import "PublicModel.h"

@interface WeiboViewModel : ViewModelClass
//获取微博列表
-(void) fetchPublicWeiBo;

//跳转到微博详情页
-(void) weiboDetailWithPublicModel: (PublicModel *) publicModel WithViewController: (UIViewController *)superController;
@end

#import "WeiboViewModel.h"
#import "DetailViewController.h"

@implementation WeiboViewModel

//获取公共微博
-(void) fetchPublicWeiBo
{
    NSDictionary *parameter = @{TOKEN: ACCESSTOKEN,
                                COUNT: @"100"
                                };
    [NetRequestClass NetRequestGETWithRequestURL:REQUESTPUBLICURL WithParameter:parameter WithReturnValeuBlock:^(id returnValue) {
        
        [self fetchValueSuccessWithDic:returnValue];
        
    } WithErrorCodeBlock:^(id errorCode) {
        DDLog(@"%@", errorCode);
        [self errorCodeWithDic:errorCode];
        
    } WithFailureBlock:^{
        [self netFailure];
        DDLog(@"网络异常");
        
    }];
    
}


#pragma 获取到正确的数据，对正确的数据进行处理
-(void)fetchValueSuccessWithDic: (NSDictionary *) returnValue
{
    //对从后台获取的数据进行处理，然后传给ViewController层进行显示
    
    NSArray *statuses = returnValue[STATUSES];
    
    NSLog(@"returnValue====%@",returnValue);
    
    
    NSMutableArray *publicModelArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:statuses.count];
    
    for (int i = 0; i < statuses.count; i ++) {
        PublicModel *publicModel = [[PublicModel alloc] init];
        
        //设置时间
        NSDateFormatter *iosDateFormater=[[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];
        iosDateFormater.dateFormat=@"EEE MMM d HH:mm:ss Z yyyy";
        
        //必须设置，否则无法解析
        iosDateFormater.locale=[[NSLocale alloc]initWithLocaleIdentifier:@"en_US"];
        NSDate *date=[iosDateFormater dateFromString:statuses[i][CREATETIME]];
        
        //目的格式
        NSDateFormatter *resultFormatter=[[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];
        [resultFormatter setDateFormat:@"MM月dd日 HH:mm"];
        
        publicModel.date = [resultFormatter stringFromDate:date];
        publicModel.userName = statuses[i][USER][USERNAME];
        publicModel.text = statuses[i][WEIBOTEXT];
        publicModel.imageUrl = [NSURL URLWithString:statuses[i][USER][HEADIMAGEURL]];
        publicModel.userId = statuses[i][USER][UID];
        publicModel.weiboId = statuses[i][WEIBOID];
        
        [publicModelArray addObject:publicModel];
        
    }
    
    self.returnBlock(publicModelArray);
}

#pragma 对ErrorCode进行处理
-(void) errorCodeWithDic: (NSDictionary *) errorDic
{
    self.errorBlock(errorDic);
}

#pragma 对网路异常进行处理
-(void) netFailure
{
    self.failureBlock();
}


#pragma 跳转到详情页面，如需网路请求的，可在此方法中添加相应的网络请求
-(void) weiboDetailWithPublicModel: (PublicModel *) publicModel WithViewController:(UIViewController *)superController
{
    DDLog(@"%@,%@,%@",publicModel.userId,publicModel.weiboId,publicModel.text);
    UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:[NSBundle mainBundle]];
    DetailViewController *detailController = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"DetailViewController"];
    
    detailController.publicModel = publicModel;
    [superController.navigationController pushViewController:detailController animated:YES];
    
}


@end

3.实现  PublicTableViewController

#import "PublicTableViewController.h"
#import "WeiboViewModel.h"
#import "PublicCell.h"

@interface PublicTableViewController ()

@property (strong, nonatomic) NSArray *publicModelArray;

@end

@implementation PublicTableViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    WeiboViewModel *publicViewModel = [[WeiboViewModel alloc] init];
    //初始化block
    [publicViewModel setBlockWithReturnBlock:^(id returnValue) {
        
        [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
        _publicModelArray = returnValue;
        [self.tableView reloadData];
        DDLog(@"%@",_publicModelArray);
        
    } WithErrorBlock:^(id errorCode) {
        
        [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
        
    } WithFailureBlock:^{
        
        [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
        
    }];
    
    [publicViewModel fetchPublicWeiBo];
    [SVProgressHUD showWithStatus:@"正在获取用户信息" maskType:SVProgressHUDMaskTypeBlack];
}


#pragma mark - Table view data source

- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {
    return 1;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {
    
    return _publicModelArray.count;
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    PublicCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"PublicCell" forIndexPath:indexPath];
    
    [cell setValueWithDic:_publicModelArray[indexPath.row]];
    
    return cell;
}

-(void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    WeiboViewModel *publicViewModel = [[WeiboViewModel alloc] init];
    [publicViewModel weiboDetailWithPublicModel:_publicModelArray[indexPath.row] WithViewController:self];
}
@end

以上实例虽然不全但是可以加深对于MVVM的理解。仅仅入门而已。

目前ReactiveCocoa+MVVM是比较流行的，有时间的同学可以深入研究。