linux 线程 pthread_create 源码 剖析

int __pthread_create_2_1(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
void * (*start_routine)(void *), void *arg)
// thread 为pthread_t，实则是pthread指针。
// typedef struct pthread *pthread_t; ->unsigned long int
// attr 创建线程时的附加属性
// start_routine 执行的线程函数
// arg参数首地址指针
{
pthread_descr self = thread_self();
// 向管理线程的请求
struct pthread_request request;
// 在初始化时 全局 int __pthread_manager_request = -1;
if (__pthread_manager_request < 0) {
// 首先Linuxthreads需要有__pthread_manager_thread，这个线程是个很特殊的线程
// 初始化Linuxthreads系统线程
if (__pthread_initialize_manager() < 0) return EAGAIN;
}
request.req_thread = self;
// 请求类型 CREATE ，并将新线程（轻量进程）的参数都打包到request结构中。
request.req_kind = REQ_CREATE;
request.req_args.create.attr = attr;
request.req_args.create.fn = start_routine;
request.req_args.create.arg = arg;
//sigprocmask用于改变进程的当前阻塞信号集
sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, (const sigset_t *) NULL,
&request.req_args.create.mask);
// 向__pthread_manager_request写入request请求。 request请求将被_pthread_manager_thread读取并处理。
__libc_write(__pthread_manager_request, (char *) &request, sizeof(request));
// 挂起一下
suspend(self);
if (THREAD_GETMEM(self, p_retcode) == 0)
*thread = (pthread_t) THREAD_GETMEM(self, p_retval);
return THREAD_GETMEM(self, p_retcode);
}

#if defined HAVE_ELF && defined PIC && defined DO_VERSIONING
default_symbol_version (__pthread_create_2_1, pthread_create, GLIBC_2.1);

int __pthread_create_2_0(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,
void * (*start_routine)(void *), void *arg)
{
/* The ATTR attribute is not really of type `pthread_attr_t *'. It has
the old size and access to the new members might crash the program.
We convert the struct now. */
pthread_attr_t new_attr;

if (attr != NULL)
{
size_t ps = __getpagesize ();

memcpy (&new_attr, attr,
(size_t) &(((pthread_attr_t*)NULL)->__guardsize));
new_attr.__guardsize = ps;
new_attr.__stackaddr_set = 0;
new_attr.__stackaddr = NULL;
new_attr.__stacksize = STACK_SIZE - ps;
attr = &new_attr;
}
return __pthread_create_2_1 (thread, attr, start_routine, arg);
}
symbol_version (__pthread_create_2_0, pthread_create, GLIBC_2.0); // 由此可知pthread_create入口函数为__pthread_create_2_1
#else
strong_alias (__pthread_create_2_1, pthread_create)
#endif
由上面的函数可知，pthread_create对线程的创建实际上是向pthread_manager_thread发送个request请求。
下面我们就看pthread_manager_thread是怎样初始化的：


首先要进行基本系统的初始化工作：
即填充__pthread_initial_thread（算是模板吧？）其他属性：
/* Descriptor of the initial thread */
struct _pthread_descr_struct __pthread_initial_thread = {
&__pthread_initial_thread, /* pthread_descr p_nextlive */ // 将进程中所有用户线程串在了一起
&__pthread_initial_thread, /* pthread_descr p_prevlive */
NULL, /* pthread_descr p_nextwaiting */
NULL, /* pthread_descr p_nextlock */
PTHREAD_THREADS_MAX, /* pthread_t p_tid */
0, /* int p_pid */
0, /* int p_priority */
&__pthread_handles[0].h_lock, /* struct _pthread_fastlock * p_lock */
0, /* int p_signal */
NULL, /* sigjmp_buf * p_signal_buf */
NULL, /* sigjmp_buf * p_cancel_buf */
0, /* char p_terminated */
0, /* char p_detached */
0, /* char p_exited */
NULL, /* void * p_retval */
0, /* int p_retval */
NULL, /* pthread_descr p_joining */
NULL, /* struct _pthread_cleanup_buffer * p_cleanup */
0, /* char p_cancelstate */
0, /* char p_canceltype */
0, /* char p_canceled */
NULL, /* int *p_errnop */
0, /* int p_errno */
NULL, /* int *p_h_errnop */
0, /* int p_h_errno */
NULL, /* char * p_in_sighandler */
0, /* char p_sigwaiting */
PTHREAD_START_ARGS_INITIALIZER, /* struct pthread_start_args p_start_args */
{NULL}, /* void ** p_specific[PTHREAD_KEY_1STLEVEL_SIZE] */
{NULL}, /* void * p_libc_specific[_LIBC_TSD_KEY_N] */
0, /* int p_userstack */
NULL, /* void * p_guardaddr */
0, /* size_t p_guardsize */
&__pthread_initial_thread, /* pthread_descr p_self */
0, /* Always index 0 */
0, /* int p_report_events */
{
  {
  {0, }}, 0, NULL}, /* td_eventbuf_t p_eventbuf */
ATOMIC_INITIALIZER, /* struct pthread_atomic p_resume_count */
0, /* char p_woken_by_cancel */
NULL /* struct pthread_extricate_if *p_extricate */
};

static void pthread_initialize(void)
{
struct sigaction sa;
sigset_t mask;
struct rlimit limit;
int max_stack;

//__pthread_initial_thread_bos: Limit between the stack of the initial thread (above) and the
//stacks of other threads (below). Aligned on a STACK_SIZE boundary.
/* 如果初始化工作已完成，则退出 */
if (__pthread_initial_thread_bos != NULL) return;
#ifdef TEST_FOR_COMPARE_AND_SWAP
/* Test if compare-a