Gradle 创建java项目

Gradle 创建java项目

我们用intellij idea IDE创建一个gradle java应用，创建后目录结构：

在根目录创建目录 src/main/java

创建java类 HelloServiceImpl ：

package com.sdcuike;
public class HelloServiceImpl {
    public  void hello(String name){
        System.out.println("hello " + name);
    }
}

与

package com.sdcuike;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HelloServiceImpl helloService = new HelloServiceImpl();
        helloService.hello(args[0]);

    }
}

编译：

$ gradle compileJava

:compileJava

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 5.192 secs

打jar包：

$ gradle build

:compileJava UP-TO-DATE

:processResources NO-SOURCE

:classes UP-TO-DATE

:jar

:assemble

:compileTestJava NO-SOURCE

:processTestResources NO-SOURCE

:testClasses UP-TO-DATE

:test NO-SOURCE

:check UP-TO-DATE

:build

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 4.001 secs

运行：

$java -cp build/libs/gradle-learning-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.sdcuike.Main doctorwho

hello doctorwho

当然，我们可以更改jar包的名字，在build.gradle文件中添加：

archivesBaseName = 'gradle-learn'，jar包就变成了gradle-learn-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

每次用java命令执行，是不是感到有点厌烦，当然你可以从IDE中执行程序，或者一般我们自己写个启动脚步帮助我们简化任务，我们下面介绍另一种方法，这种方法一般开发中，使用gradle命令启动应用比较场景，犹如启动spring boot应用的

$ gradle bootRun

命令一样。

在文件build.gradle中添加：

apply plugin: 'java'

apply plugin: 'application'

mainClassName = 'com.sdcuike.Main'

run.args = ['doctor who']

增加application插件，为了 application插件起作用，我们还必须提供程序运行的入口点设置：

mainClassName = 'com.sdcuike.Main'，配置run.args = ['doctor who']，相当与设置参数。

现在我们看运行项目有多少任务：

$ gradle tasks

:tasks

------------------------------------------------------------

All tasks runnable from root project

------------------------------------------------------------

Application tasks

-----------------

run - Runs this project as a JVM application

Build tasks

-----------

assemble - Assembles the outputs of this project.

build - Assembles and tests this project.

buildDependents - Assembles and tests this project and all projects that depend on it.

buildNeeded - Assembles and tests this project and all projects it depends on.

classes - Assembles main classes.

clean - Deletes the build directory.

jar - Assembles a jar archive containing the main classes.

testClasses - Assembles test classes.

Build Setup tasks

-----------------

init - Initializes a new Gradle build. [incubating]

wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files. [incubating]

Distribution tasks

------------------

assembleDist - Assembles the main distributions

distTar - Bundles the project as a distribution.

distZip - Bundles the project as a distribution.

installDist - Installs the project as a distribution as-is.

Documentation tasks

-------------------

javadoc - Generates Javadoc API documentation for the main source code.

Help tasks

----------

buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'gradle-learning'.

components - Displays the components produced by root project 'gradle-learning'. [incubating]

dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'gradle-learning'.

dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'gradle-learning'.

dependentComponents - Displays the dependent components of components in root project 'gradle-learning'. [incubating]

help - Displays a help message.

model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'gradle-learning'. [incubating]

projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'gradle-learning'.

properties - Displays the properties of root project 'gradle-learning'.

tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'gradle-learning'.

Verification tasks

------------------

check - Runs all checks.

test - Runs the unit tests.

Rules

-----

Pattern: clean<TaskName>: Cleans the output files of a task.

Pattern: build<ConfigurationName>: Assembles the artifacts of a configuration.

Pattern: upload<ConfigurationName>: Assembles and uploads the artifacts belonging to a configuration.

To see all tasks and more detail, run gradle tasks --all

To see more detail about a task, run gradle help --task <task>

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

当然，我们可以在IDE中查看这些任务或执行任务，而不必每次打开终端敲这些命令，如：

下图我们可以清晰的看到任务列表：

我们用命令行运行一下：

$ gradle -q run

hello doctor who

如果想更改传入的参数，我们可以在build.gradle文件中更改：

run.args = ['神秘博士']

$ gradle -q run

hello 神秘博士

或者更改build.gradle文件

run.args = [project.runArgs]

用下面的命令传入参数：

$ gradle -q run -PrunArgs='神秘博士第一季'

hello 神秘博士第一季

原理是用–Pproperty=value 来传入参数。具体参数的设置可参考官方文档：

https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/build_environment.html

打包成zip或tar文件并包含和系统相关的启动脚本。

另一个有趣的任务是distZip或distTar，可以打包成一个可以执行的应用：

$ gradle distZip

:compileJava警告: [options] 未与 -source 1.7 一起设置引导类路径

1 个警告

:processResources NO-SOURCE

:classes

:jar

:startScripts

:distZip

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 3.269 secs

在目录\build\distributions下生成了一个文件：

gradle-learning-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.zip

当然，我们可以更改文件名：

在build.gradle文件中添加distributions.main.baseName = 'someName' 即可。

解压后的文件内容：

$ ls -R

.:

bin/ lib/

./bin:

gradle-learning* gradle-learning.bat

./lib:

gradle-learn-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

里面包含了启动脚步以及依赖的jar包，我们运行一下：

$ ./gradle-learning doctorwho

hello doctorwho

《gradle-3.4版本》