C#绘制曲线图和柱状图的方法

 

1. 在我们程序开发的过程中经常会需要绘制曲线图和柱状图等，尤其是在做统计功能时。但是有时候我们有觉得没有必要使用第三方控件（例如：ZedGraph等），这是我们可以自己编写代码来实现这些图形绘制的功能。以下是我在开发过程中所使用过的两段代码，现共享大家，希望能给大家带来一定的帮助，如有不妥敬请斧正！
2. 1.柱状图，效果图如下
4. 
6. 代码如下：
8. 注意：请注意参数 chartTable 图形里的一些元素需要从chartTable里面取。具体请查看代码。
10.         //Render是图形大标题，图开小标题，图形宽度，图形长度，饼图的数据集和饼图的数据集  
11.         public Image Render(string title, int width, int height, DataTable chartTable) 
12.         { 
13.             Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height); 
14.             Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm); 
15.             g.Clear(Color.White); 
17.             DataTable dt = chartTable; 
18.             const int top = 30; 
19.             const int left = 35; 
21.             if (width < left * 2 || height < top * 2) 
22.             { 
23.                 g.DrawString("绘图区域太小", new Font("Tahoma", 8), 
24.                     Brushes.Blue, new PointF(0, 0)); 
25.                 return bm; 
26.             } 
28.             //计算最高的点  
29.             float highPoint = 1; 
30.             foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows) 
31.             { 
32.                if (highPoint < Convert.ToSingle(dr[0])) 
33.                 { 
34.                     highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[0]); 
35.                 } 
37.                 if (highPoint < Convert.ToSingle(dr[1])) 
38.                 { 
39.                     highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[1]); 
40.                 } 
41.             } 
42.             try 
43.             { 
44.                 //画大标题  
45.                 g.DrawString(title, new Font("Tahoma", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(2, 2)); 
46.                 StringFormat drawFormat = new StringFormat(); 
47.                 drawFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical; 
49.                 g.DrawString("[红--" + dt.Columns[0].ToString() + "]", new Font("Tahoma", 8), 
50.                     Brushes.Red, new PointF(2, top), drawFormat); 
51.                 g.DrawString("[蓝--" + dt.Columns[1].ToString() + "]", new Font("Tahoma", 8), 
52.                     Brushes.Blue, new PointF(17, top), drawFormat); 
54.                 //画条形图  
55.                 float barWidth = (Convert.ToSingle(width) - left) / (dt.Rows.Count * 3 + 1); 
56.                 PointF barOrigin = new PointF(left + barWidth, 0); 
57.                 float barHeight = dt.Rows.Count; 
58.                 float topFontSize = (barWidth / highPoint.ToString().Length); 
59.                  
60.                 if (topFontSize > 2*top/3) 
61.                 { 
62.                     topFontSize = 2*top/3; 
63.                 } 
64.                 if (topFontSize < 5) 
65.                 { 
66.                     topFontSize = 5; 
67.                 } 
68.                 for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) 
69.                 { 
70.                     //底部字体的大小 
71.                     float bottomFontSize = (2 * barWidth / dt.Rows[i][2].ToString().Length) + 2; 
72.                     if (bottomFontSize > 2 * top / 3) 
73.                     { 
74.                         bottomFontSize = 2 * top / 3; 
75.                     } 
77.                     barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][0]) * (height - 2 * top) / highPoint * 1; 
78.                     barOrigin.Y = height - barHeight - top; 
79.                     g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Red), barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y, barWidth, barHeight); 
80.                     //柱状图底部 
81.                     g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][2].ToString(), new Font("Tahoma", bottomFontSize), Brushes.Black, 
82.                         new PointF(barOrigin.X, height - top)); 
83.                     //柱状图顶部 
84.                     g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][0].ToString(), new Font("Tahoma", topFontSize), Brushes.Red, 
85.                         new PointF(barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y - 3*topFontSize/2)); 
87.                     barOrigin.X = barOrigin.X + barWidth; 
90.                     barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][1]) * (height - 2 * top) / highPoint * 1; 
91.                     barOrigin.Y = height - barHeight - top; 
92.                     g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.Blue), barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y, barWidth,  
94. barHeight); 
95.                     //柱状图顶部 
96.                     g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][1].ToString(), new Font("Tahoma", topFontSize), Brushes.Blue, 
97.                         new PointF(barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y - 3 * topFontSize/2)); 
98.                     barOrigin.X = barOrigin.X + (barWidth * 2); 
99.                 } 
101.                 //设置边  
102.                 g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Blue, 2), new Point(left, top), 
103.                     new Point(left, height - top)); 
105.                 g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Blue, 2), new Point(left, height - top), 
106.                     new Point(left + width, height - top)); 
108.                 g.Dispose(); 
109.                 return bm; 
110.             } 
111.             catch 
112.             { 
113.                 return bm; 
114.             } 
115.         }
116. 2.线状图，效果如下：
118. 
120. 代码如下： 
121. 注意：请注意参数 chartTable 图形里的一些元素需要从chartTable里面取。具体请查看代码。
123.         //Render是图形大标题，图开小标题，图形宽度，图形长度，饼图的数据集和饼图的数据集  
124.         public Image Render(string title, int width, int height, DataTable chartTable) 
125.         { 
126.             Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height); 
127.             Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm); 
128.             g.Clear(Color.White); 
130.             const int top = 30; 
131.             const int left = 35; 
132.             if (width < left * 2 || height < top * 2) 
133.             { 
134.                 g.DrawString("绘图区域太小" ,new Font("Tahoma", 8), 
135.                     Brushes.Blue, new PointF(0, 0)); 
136.                 return bm; 
137.             } 
139.             if (chartTable == null) 
140.             { 
141.                 g.DrawString("没有数据", new Font("Tahoma", 7), 
142.                     Brushes.Blue, new PointF(0, 0)); 
143.                 return bm; 
144.             } 
146.             DataTable dt = chartTable; 
148.             //计算最高的点  
149.             float highPoint = 1; 
150.             foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows) 
151.             { 
152.                 if (highPoint < Convert.ToSingle(dr[0])) 
153.                 { 
154.                     highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[0]); 
155.                 } 
157.                 if (highPoint < Convert.ToSingle(dr[1])) 
158.                 { 
159.                     highPoint = Convert.ToSingle(dr[1]); 
160.                 } 
161.             } 
163.             //建立一个Graphics对象实例  
164.             try 
165.             { 
166.                 //画大标题  
167.                 g.DrawString(title, new Font("Tahoma", 12), Brushes.Black, new PointF(2, 2)); 
168.                 StringFormat drawFormat = new StringFormat(); 
169.                 drawFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.DirectionVertical; 
171.                 g.DrawString("[红--" + dt.Columns[0].ToString() + "]", new Font("Tahoma", 8), 
172.                     Brushes.Red, new PointF(2, top), drawFormat); 
173.                 g.DrawString("[蓝--" + dt.Columns[1].ToString() + "]", new Font("Tahoma", 8), 
174.                     Brushes.Blue, new PointF(17, top), drawFormat); 
176.                 //画条形图  
177.                 float barWidth = (Convert.ToSingle(width) - left) / (dt.Rows.Count + 1); 
178.                 PointF barOrigin = new PointF(left + barWidth , 0); 
179.                 float barHeight = dt.Rows.Count; 
180.                 float topFontSize = 7; 
181.                 float bottomFontSize = 7; 
183.                 PointF[] pt1 = new PointF[dt.Rows.Count]; 
184.                 PointF[] pt2 = new PointF[dt.Rows.Count]; 
186.                 for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) 
187.                 { 
188.                     //底部字体的大小 
189.                     barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][0]) * (height - 2 * top) / highPoint * 1; 
190.                     barOrigin.Y = height - barHeight - top; 
191.                     g.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(Color.Red), barOrigin.X - 3, barOrigin.Y - 3, 6, 6); 
192.                     pt1[i] = new PointF(barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y); 
193.                     //顶部 
194.                     g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][0].ToString(), new Font("Tahoma", topFontSize), Brushes.Red, 
195.                         new PointF(barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y - 4 * topFontSize / 2)); 
197.                     barHeight = Convert.ToSingle(dt.Rows[i][1]) * (height - 2 * top) / highPoint * 1; 
198.                     barOrigin.Y = height - barHeight - top; 
199.                     g.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(Color.Blue), barOrigin.X - 3, barOrigin.Y - 3, 6, 6); 
200.                     pt2[i] = new PointF(barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y); 
201.                     //顶部 
202.                     g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][1].ToString(), new Font("Tahoma", topFontSize), Brushes.Blue, 
203.                         new PointF(barOrigin.X, barOrigin.Y - 4 * topFontSize / 2)); 
204.                     barOrigin.X = barOrigin.X + barWidth; 
205.                 } 
206.                 if (dt.Rows.Count > 10) 
207.                 { 
208.                     int dis = dt.Rows.Count / 10; 
209.                     for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) 
210.                     { 
211.                         if (i % dis == 0) 
212.                         { 
213.                             g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Blue, 2), new PointF(left + (i + 1) * barWidth, height -  
215. top + 5), 
216.                                 new PointF(left + (i + 1) * barWidth, height - top - 3)); 
217.                             //底部 
218.                             g.DrawString(dt.Rows[i][2].ToString(), new Font("Tahoma", bottomFontSize),  
220. Brushes.Black, 
221.                                 new PointF(left + (i + 1) * barWidth, height - top)); 
222.                         } 
223.                         else 
224.                         { 
225.                             g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Gray, 1), new PointF(left + (i+1) * barWidth, height -  
227. top + 3), 
228.                                 new PointF(left + (i+1) * barWidth, height - top - 3)); 
229.                         } 
230.                     } 
231.                 } 
232.                 else 
233.                 { 
234.                     for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++) 
235.                     { 
236.                         g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Gray, 1), new PointF(left + (i + 1) * barWidth, height - top  
238. + 3), 
239.                             new PointF(left + (i + 1) * barWidth, height - top - 3)); 
240.                     } 
241.                 } 
243.                 //绘制曲线 
244.                 g.DrawLines(new Pen(new SolidBrush(Color.Red), 1), pt1); 
245.                 g.DrawLines(new Pen(new SolidBrush(Color.Blue),1), pt2); 
246.                 //设置边  
247.                 g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Blue, 2), new Point(left, top), 
248.                     new Point(left, height - top)); 
249.                 g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Blue, 2), new Point(left, height - top), 
250.                     new Point(left + width, height - top)); 
252.                 g.Dispose(); 
253.                 return bm; 
254.             } 
255.             catch 
256.             { 
257.                 return bm; 
258.             } 
259.         }
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