PHP小demo

1.  compact 函数

$a = '123';
$b = '456';

$com = compact('a','b');
var_dump($com);

array(2) {

  ["a"]=>
  string(3) "123"
  ["b"]=>
  string(3) "456"
}

2. array_chunk 函数

<?php
$count=10;
while($count--) {
    $arr[]= $count;
}
$ret = array_chunk($arr, 4); 
print_r($ret);

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [0] => 9
            [1] => 8
            [2] => 7
            [3] => 6
        )
    [1] => Array
        (
            [0] => 5
            [1] => 4
            [2] => 3
            [3] => 2
        )
    [2] => Array
        (
            [0] => 1
            [1] => 0
        )
)

3. date 函数

echo date('Ymd', time());

4.  empty 函数

$str1 = ""; 
$str2 = 0;

$arr1 = array();

$arr2 = array(1,2,3);

echo $arr1 ? 'Y' : 'N';

echo $arr2 ? 'Y' : 'N';

echo null ? 'Y' : 'N';
echo empty($str1) ? 'Y':'N';
echo empty($str2) ? 'Y':'N';

NYNYY

5.  exit 语句

echo "before exit\n";
exit;
echo "after exit\n";

before exit

6. array_shift 函数

7. array_pop 函数

8. json_encode 、json_decode函数

$json_data = array('status' => 0, 'msg' => '账号错误');
$str = json_encode($json_data);
echo $str;

{"status":0,"msg":"\u8d26\u53f7\u9519\u8bef"} 

注：json_encode过程中自动进行类型转换

9.  for + &循环中改变变量

$arr = array(
    array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'A', 'address' => 'BJ'),
    array('id' => 1, 'name' => 'A', 'address' => 'BJ'),
);
foreach($arr as &$k) { //这里使用&可以直接修改数组中的每个变量
    $k['gender'] = 'male';
}
print_r($arr);

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [id] => 1
            [name] => A
            [address] => BJ
            [gender] => male
        )


    [1] => Array
        (
            [id] => 1
            [name] => A
            [address] => BJ
            [gender] => male
        )


)

10.  二维数组的转置

$user = array(
        0 => array(
            'id'    => 1,
            'name'  => '张三',
            'email' => 'zhangsan@sina.com',
            ),  
        1 => array(
            'id'    => 2,
            'name'  => '李四',
            'email' => 'lisi@163.com',
            ),  
        2 => array(
            'id'    => 5,
            'name'  => '王五',
            'email' => '10000@qq.com',
            ),  
        );  
$ids = array_map('array_shift', $user); //注意array_map的用法 array_map('callback', array)
var_dump($ids);
//php5.4无array_column函数
//$names = array_column($user, 'name');
$names = array_reduce($user, create_function('$v,$w', '$v[$w["id"]]=$w["name"];return $v;'));  
var_dump($names);

array(3) {
  [0]=>
  int(1)
  [1]=>
  int(2)
  [2]=>
  int(5)
}
array(3) {
  [1]=>
  string(6) "张三"
  [2]=>
  string(6) "李四"
  [5]=>
  string(6) "王五"
}

11. 函数调用

function add($a, $b) { //非类，不能用public等限定符修饰
    return $a+$b;
}
echo add(1,2);

3

class A { 
    function func() {
        echo get_class()."\n";
    }   
}

$obj = new A();
$obj->func();

A

class Base {
    protected function func1() {
        echo "Base func1\n";
    }   
    public function func2() {
        echo "Base func2\n";
    }   
}

class Sub extends Base{
}

$obj = new Sub();
//$obj->func1(); // Call to protected method Base::func1() from context ''
$obj->func2();

12.  字符串转整型、字符串比较

echo intval(10/3)."\n";
echo intval('1.2')."\n";
echo intval('0130Z110BF34')."\n";
$str = '0130Z110BF34';
if ($str != '000000') {
    echo "error\n";
}

3
1
130
error

13.  接口的实现、类的继承

//默认不能自动加载其他文件的类、接口 
interface IStu {
    //接口不能有变量
    //    public $var1 = 'var1';
    //    public $var2 = 'var2';

    /*函数名不需要abstract修饰*/
    function draw();

    //接口不能有实现的函数
    /*
       function learn() {
       echo "learning...\n";
       }
     */
     function write();
     function pianno();
     function chess();
}


//这里不能有public修饰类，为什么？
class Student {
    public $school = "china";
    //不要使用如下形式，会发生嵌套初始化
//    public function __construct($name = 'good') {
//        $cls = Ucfirst($name).'Student';
//        return new GoodStudent();
//        return new $cls(); 
//    }
    public static function getInstance($name) {
        $cls = Ucfirst($name).'Student';
        return new $cls();
    }

public function draw() {
        echo "draw something...\n";
    }
}


//这里要加上abstract由于BJ没有实现所有的接口函数
abstract class BJ  extends Student implements IStu {
    public $school = "bj";
    public function chess() {
        echo "I chess in BJ\n";
    }
}




class GoodStudent extends BJ {
    public function write() {
        echo "Hi, I am in ".$this->school."\n";
        echo "good write\n";
    }


    public function pianno() {
        echo "good pianno\n";
    }
}


class BadStudent extends Student implements IStu{
    public function write() {
        echo "bad write\n";
    }


    public function pianno() {
        echo "bad pianno\n";
    }


    public function chess() {
        echo "bad chess\n";
    }
}

//$obj = new Student("good");
//$obj = new GoodStudent();
$obj = Student::getInstance("good");
$obj->write();
$obj->chess();

Hi, I am in bj
good write
I chess in BJ

interface IStu {
    //接口不能有变量
    //public $var1 = 'var1';
    //public $var2 = 'var2';

    /*函数名不需要abstract修饰*/
    function draw();

    //接口不能有实现的函数
    /*  
       function learn() {
       echo "learning...\n";
       }
     */
}

14.  isset 函数

$arr = array(
    'TX' => array('TX-a' => 'b', 'TX-b' => 'c'),
    'TY' => 'c',
    );  
var_dump(isset($arr['TX']) && isset($arr['TX']['TX-a'])); 
var_dump(isset($arr['TX'], $arr['TX']['TX-a'])); //同上，更简洁
var_dump(isset($arr['TX'], $arr['TX']['TX-c']));
var_dump(isset($arr['TZ'], $arr['TX']['TX-c']));
var_dump(isset($arr['TZ']));

bool(true)
bool(true)
bool(false)
bool(false)
bool(false)

15. mb_函数

$cardno = '3中—100901100322203';
echo substr($cardno, 0, 4) . '********' . substr($cardno, -4, 4)."\n";
echo mb_substr($cardno, 0, 4, 'utf-8') . '********' . mb_substr($cardno, -4, 4)."\n";

3中********2203
3中—1********2203

$str = '西安世纪JAVA编程思想设计模式之禅算法之道';
echo strlen($str)."  ".strlen($str)."  ". mb_strlen($str,'UTF-8')."\n"; //utf-8, utf8, UTF-8都可以？
$str = mb_substr($str, 0, 19, 'utf-8');
echo strlen($str)."  ".strlen($str)."  ". mb_strlen($str,'utf-8')."\n";

58  58  22
49  49  19

注：需要PHP中mbstring扩展的支持

16. simplexml_load_string 函数

$obj = @simplexml_load_string('abc'); //仅对xml格式的字符串进行解析，否则返回false
var_dump($obj);
$obj = @simplexml_load_string('<t>a</t>'); //注意解析出的每个元素是一个对象，对象里面是一个string
var_dump($obj);

bool(false)
object(SimpleXMLElement)#1 (1) { 
  [0]=>
  string(1) "a"
}

$xml = simplexml_load_string('<root><number>1</number></root>'); 
echo $xml->asXml(). "\n\n"; //自动加上xml头

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root><number>1</number></root>

17.  null比较

$ret = null;
echo $ret === false ? 'false' : 'not false';
echo "\n";
echo $ret == false ? 'false' : 'not false';

$ret = null;
echo $ret === false ? 'false' : 'not false'; //not false
echo "\n"; 
echo $ret == false ? 'false' : 'not false'; //false

18. parse_ini_file 函数

$ini_path = "abc.ini";  
$ini = parse_ini_file($ini_path);
print_r($ini);

abc.ini的内容

[first]
A = 1
B = 2

结果

Array
(
    [A] => 1
    [B] => 2
)

19. mysql-pdo进行数据库操作

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost; dbname=test';
$username = 'root';
$passwd = 'doupei';
try {
    $dbx = new PDO($dsn, $username, $passwd);
    echo 'Connected to db successfully!'."\n";
    /*  
       $sql = "select * from table_a where id = 2";
       $res = $dbx->query($sql);
       foreach($res  as $row) {
       print $row['id']."\t";
       print $row['name']."\t";
       }
     */
    $name = "tom"; $id = 100;
    $sql = "insert into table_a(id, name) values(:id, :name)";
    $stmt = $dbx->prepare($sql);
    $stmt->bindParam(":id", $id);
    $stmt->bindParam(":name", $name);
    $stmt->execute();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Faild to connect to db!'."\n";
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

20.  argv, argc变量

<?php
print_r($argv);
echo "\n$argc\n";

命令行执行：php testPhpArgv.php  a b c d

Array
(
    [0] => testPhpArgv.php
    [1] => a
    [2] => b
    [3] => c
    [4] => d
)

5

21.  整数的判断

$arr = array(-1, -1.23, 0, 1, 2, 2.4, '12.0', '15');
foreach ($arr as $val) {
    //if (!preg_match('/^\+?[1-9][0-9]*$/', $val)) {
    //整数的判断
    if (!is_int(intval($val)) || intval($val) <= 0){ 
        echo $val. '不是正整数'."\n";
    }   
}
$brr = array('-1', -1, 'a1', '1a', '45', '1abc4', '-0.1111', '-0.12a');
foreach ($brr as $val) {
    //对应的整数值
    echo $val . "对应整数 ". intval($val) . "\n";
}

-1不是正整数
-1.23不是正整数
0不是正整数
-1对应整数 -1
-1对应整数 -1
a1对应整数 0
1a对应整数 1
45对应整数 45
1abc4对应整数 1
-0.1111对应整数 0
-0.12a对应整数 0

22. static变量

class Student {
    public static $address = "bj";
    public function __coustruct() {
        Student::$address = "sh";
    }   

}

$t = new Student();
echo Student::$address; //bj而不是sh

23. array  unset array_filter 函数

$arr = array(3=>'a',4=>'b',5=>'c',2=>'d',0=>'e');
foreach ($arr as $k => $v) {
    if ($k==3) {
        unset($arr[$k]);
    }
}
echo count($arr)."\n";

function filter($val) {
    return $val;
}
array_filter($arr, "filter");
echo count($arr)."\n";

unset($arr[2]);
echo count($arr)."\n";

function odd($var)
{
    // returns whether the input integer is odd
    return($var & 1);
}

function even($var)
{
    // returns whether the input integer is even
    return(!($var & 1));
}

$array1 = array("a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3, "d"=>4, "e"=>5);
$array2 = array(6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12);

echo "Odd :\n";
print_r(array_filter($array1, "odd"));
echo "Even:\n";
print_r(array_filter($array2, "even"));

4
4
3
Odd :
Array
(
    [a] => 1
    [c] => 3
    [e] => 5
)
Even:
Array
(
    [0] => 6
    [2] => 8
    [4] => 10
    [6] => 12
)

24.  字符编码

$str = 'AC,,,|BD1234_XXXzz'; //对应的UTF8、GBK编码相同
$reqstr = iconv("UTF-8", "GBK", $str);
echo $reqstr."\n";
$reqstr = iconv("GBK", "UTF-8", $str);
echo $reqstr."\n";

AC,,,|BD1234_XXXzz

AC,,,|BD1234_XXXzz

25. array_merge 和 array的加法

$a = array(3 => 'a', 4 => 'b', 5 => 'c');
$b = array(3 => 'aa', 4 => 'b');
$c = array_merge($a, $b);
print_r($c);
$d = $b + $a; 
print_r($d);

Array
(
    [0] => a
    [1] => b
    [2] => c
    [3] => aa
    [4] => b
)
Array
(
    [3] => aa
    [4] => b
    [5] => c
)

26. array_combine 等价于array_merge 再赋值 

$arr = array('x2','x3','x3');
$arr[] = 'xw5';
array_combine($arr,array(8,9));
print_r($arr);

PHP Warning:  array_combine(): Both parameters should have an equal number of elements x.php on line 4
Array
(
    [0] => x2
    [1] => x3
    [2] => x3
    [3] => xw5
)

27. array_slice 函数

$arr = array('A'=>1, 'B'=>2, 'C'=>3);
$sub = array_slice($arr, 0, 2); 
var_dump($sub);

array(2) {
  ["A"]=>
  int(1)
  ["B"]=>
  int(2)
}

28. array_unique 函数

$arr = array('a','a','c','d');
$brr = array_unique($arr);
print_r($arr); //$arr本身未变化
print_r($brr);

Array
(
    [0] => a
    [1] => a
    [2] => c
    [3] => d
)
Array
(
    [0] => a
    [2] => c
    [3] => d
)