VC++6.0调用Web Services(转)

最新推荐文章于 2017-03-02 18:35:42 发布

dragoo1

最新推荐文章于 2017-03-02 18:35:42 发布

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分类专栏： c++ vc 网络编程文章标签： vc web service soap

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第一部分

在vc6里调用WebService

突然要在c++里调用webservice，一时还不知道从何下手，又想起了.net的好了，直接用wsdl命令生成一个代理类就搞定了，于是又开始了在网上寻觅的历程。这年代没有google，估计要少活10年。
搜索"vc6"+Webservice,出来了一大堆，不过内容基本上一样(又让我体会了一把“天下文章一大抄”的经典论据，到头来都不知道谁抄谁)也有博客园里的兄弟写的，但拷下来总是不好用，不过知道了要用到soapsdk3.0，于是down了一个，安装完了就是一堆com，又开始google"mssoap30.dll"+"vc"，这次搜索所有网页，出来了一堆英文页面，翻了好几页，看了一大堆的英文后，终于找到了点眉目，也稍微整理一下。

1：先安装soapsdk3.0(http://download.microsoft.com/download/2/e/0/2e068a11-9ef7-45f5-820f-89573d7c4939/soapsdk.exe)
2：当然就是写代码
WSWrapper.h

1#ifndef _WS_WRAPPER_H_
2#define _WS_WRAPPER_H_
3
4#import "msxml4.dll"
5#import "C:\Program Files\Common Files\MSSoap\Binaries\mssoap30.dll" \
6            exclude("IStream", "IErrorInfo", "ISequentialStream", "_LARGE_INTEGER", \
7                    "_ULARGE_INTEGER", "tagSTATSTG", "_FILETIME")
8#include <string>
9#include <Windows.h>
10
11using namespace MSXML2;
12using namespace MSSOAPLib30;
13using std::string;
14
15class WSWrapper
16{
17public:
18    WSWrapper(const char *wsURL,
19        const char *wsNameSapce,
20        const char *wsMethodName);
21    virtual ~WSWrapper();
22    string Hello(const string &strName);
23
24private:
25    const string _wsURL;
26    const string _wsNameSapce;
27    const string _wsMethodName;
28};
29
30
31#endif

WSWrapper.cpp

1#include "WSWrapper.h"
2
3WSWrapper::WSWrapper(const char *wsURL,
4    const char *wsNameSapce,
5    const char *wsMethodName)
6    : _wsURL(wsURL),
7      _wsNameSapce(wsNameSapce),
8      _wsMethodName(wsMethodName)
9{
10
11}
12
13WSWrapper::~WSWrapper()
14{
15
16}
17
18string WSWrapper::Hello(const string &strName)
19{
20    try
21    {
22        HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);//初始化com环境
23        if(FAILED(hr))
24        {
25            //出错了
26        }
27
28        ISoapSerializerPtr Serializer;
29        ISoapReaderPtr Reader;
30        ISoapConnectorPtr Connector;
31
32        //连接到WebService
33        hr = Connector.CreateInstance(__uuidof(HttpConnector30));
34        if(FAILED(hr))
35        {
36            //创建com对象出错，一般是因为没有安装com
37        }
38
39        Connector->Property["EndPointURL"] = _wsURL.c_str();
40        Connector->Connect();
41        Connector->Property["SoapAction"] = (_wsNameSapce + _wsMethodName).c_str();
42
43        //开始创建webservice的请求Soap包
44        Connector->BeginMessage();
45        hr = Serializer.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapSerializer30));
46        if(FAILED(hr))
47        {
48            //创建com对象出错，一般是因为没有安装com
49        }
50        Serializer->Init(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->InputStream));
51        Serializer->StartEnvelope("SOAP", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/", "");
52        Serializer->SoapAttribute("xsi", "", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "xmlns");
53        Serializer->SoapAttribute("xsd", "", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema", "xmlns");
54
55        Serializer->StartBody(L"NONE");
56        Serializer->StartElement(_wsMethodName.c_str(), _wsNameSapce.c_str(), "NONE", "");
57        Serializer->StartElement(L"strName", "", "NONE", "");
58        Serializer->SoapAttribute("xsi:type", "", "xsd:string", "");
59        Serializer->WriteString(strName.c_str());
60        Serializer->EndElement();
61        Serializer->EndElement();
62        Serializer->EndBody();
63        Serializer->EndEnvelope();
64
65        Connector->EndMessage();
66
67        //解析返回的soap包
68        hr = Reader.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapReader30));
69        if(FAILED(hr))
70        {
71            //创建com对象出错，一般是因为没有安装com
72        }
73        Reader->Load(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->OutputStream), "");
74        string strResult((const char*)Reader->RpcResult->text);
75
76        return strResult;
77
78
79    }
80    catch()
81    {
82        //got a exception
83    }
84    return "error";
85}
86
87

TestApp.cpp

1#include "WSWrapper.h"
2
3int main()
4{
5
6    WSWrapper wsWrapper("http://localhost/TestWebService/Service1.asmx",
7        "http://localhost/TestWebService/",
8        "Hello");
9
10    string strName = "Lucy";
11    string strResult = wsWrapper.Hello(strName);
12
13    printf("%s", strResult.c_str());
14
15    getchar();
16
17    return 0;
18}
19

C#写的一个测试WebService

1using System.ComponentModel;
2using System.Web.Services;
3
4namespace TestWebService
5{
6    /**//// <summary>
7    /// Service1 的摘要说明。
8    /// </summary>
9    [WebService(Namespace="http://localhost/TestWebService/")]
10    [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapRpcService]
11    public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
12    {
13        public Service1()
14        {
15            //CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 服务设计器所必需的
16            InitializeComponent();
17        }
18
19        组件设计器生成的代码#region 组件设计器生成的代码
20
21        //Web 服务设计器所必需的
22        private IContainer components = null;
23
24        /**//// <summary>
25        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
26        /// 此方法的内容。
27        /// </summary>
28        private void InitializeComponent()
29        {
30        }
31
32        /**//// <summary>
33        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
34        /// </summary>
35        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
36        {
37            if(disposing && components != null)
38            {
39                components.Dispose();
40            }
41            base.Dispose(disposing);
42        }
43
44        #endregion
45
46        // WEB 服务示例
47        // HelloWorld() 示例服务返回字符串 Hello World
48        // 若要生成，请取消注释下列行，然后保存并生成项目
49        // 若要测试此 Web 服务，请按 F5 键
50
51        [WebMethod]
52        public string Hello(string strName)
53        {
54            return "Hello, " + strName;
55        }
56    }
57}
58

第二部分

一、VC++6.0调用WebServices（可以是c#，java，vc++.net等提供的服务都可以）！

本文主要讲述VC++6.0调用WebServices的方法，其中web services可以是c#，java，vc++.net等提供的服务都可以调用！主要的大致过程如下：

需要装SoapToolkit3.0，电脑上一般自带Soap Toolkit1.0，以下代码在VC++6.0中测试成功。

在stdafx.h加上

//WEB_SERVICE

#include<stdio.h>

#import"msxml4.dll"

using namespaceMSXML2;

#import"C:\Program Files\Common Files\MSSoap\Binaries\mssoap30.dll" \

exclude("IStream","IErrorInfo", "ISequentialStream","_LARGE_INTEGER", \

"_ULARGE_INTEGER","tagSTATSTG", "_FILETIME")

using namespaceMSSOAPLib30;

//END

SoapTestDlg.h里面

CStringBeginSoap(CString,CString,CString);

ISoapConnectorPtrSoapConnector;

ISoapSerializerPtrSerializer;

ISoapReaderPtrReader;

///

SoapTestDlg.cpp里面

///

voidCSoapTestDlg::OnButton1()

{

CString str,strWord;

GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT1)->GetWindowText(strWord);

str=BeginSoap("EnglishTOChinese",strWord,"http://www.webservicex.net/translateservice.asmx");

AfxMessageBox(str);

}

CStringCSoapTestDlg::BeginSoap(CString UserName,CString Password,CString WebUrl)

{

HRESULT hr;

try

{

//创建SoapConnector类的对象

SoapConnector.CreateInstance(__uuidof(HttpConnector30));

//指定Web服务的地址

SoapConnector->Property["EndPointURL"] =(LPSTR)(LPCTSTR)WebUrl;

//与Web服务连接

hr=SoapConnector->Connect();

if(FAILED(hr)) return "";

//指定Web服务完成的操作

SoapConnector->Property["SoapAction"] =_T("http://www.webservicex.net/Translate");

//准备发送消息给Web服务

SoapConnector->BeginMessage();

// 创建SoapSerializer对象

Serializer.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapSerializer30));

// 将serializer连接到connector的输入字符串

Serializer->Init(_variant_t((IUnknown*)SoapConnector->InputStream));

// 创建SOAP消息

Serializer->StartEnvelope("soap","","");

Serializer->StartBody("");

Serializer->StartElement("Translate","http://www.webservicex.net","","soap");

Serializer->StartElement("LanguageMode","","","soap");

Serializer->WriteString((_bstr_t)(LPCTSTR)UserName);

Serializer->EndElement();

Serializer->StartElement("Text","","","soap");

Serializer->WriteString((_bstr_t)(LPCTSTR)Password);

Serializer->EndElement();

Serializer->EndBody();

Serializer->EndEnvelope();

//消息真正地发给Web服务

hr=SoapConnector->EndMessage();

if(FAILED(hr)) return "";

// 读取响应

Reader.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapReader30));

// 将reader联接到connector的输出字符串

Reader->Load(_variant_t((IUnknown*)SoapConnector->OutputStream),_T(""));

return CString((const char*)Reader->RpcResult->text);

}

catch (_com_error e)

{

return (CString)(char*)e.Description();

}

//OVER///

当然用Soap Toolkit1.0调用也可以，大致代码跟上面的一样，需要改动的有:

1.包含库文件代码改为下面

#import "msxml4.dll"

using namespaceMSXML2;

#import"C:\Program Files\Common Files\MSSoap\Binaries\MSSOAP1.dll" \

exclude("IStream","ISequentialStream", "_LARGE_INTEGER", \

"_ULARGE_INTEGER","tagSTATSTG", "_FILETIME")

using namespaceMSSOAPLib;

2. 函数代码上包含30数字的全将30去掉，如

SoapConnector.CreateInstance(__uuidof(HttpConnector));

Serializer.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapSerializer));

Reader.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapReader));

3.将

Serializer->StartElement("Text","","","soap");

Serializer->WriteString((_bstr_t)(LPCTSTR)Password);

Serializer->EndElement();

Serializer->EndBody();

Serializer->EndEnvelope();

改为：（第一个单词小写）

Serializer-＞writeString("laghari78");

Serializer-＞endElement();

Serializer-＞endBody();

Serializer-＞endEnvelope();

/OK/

本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoubl668/archive/2008/12/27/3624181.aspx

二、vc6.0连接webservice

需要安装Toolkit3.0 1.0只能看到VB和ASP的

VC6开发WebServices 客户端收藏

下面是个控制台的样例

Toolkit3.0 终于给出VC6的样例了，1.0只能看到VB和ASP的

#include<stdio.h>

#import"msxml4.dll"

using namespaceMSXML2;

#import"C:\Program Files\Common Files\MSSoap\Binaries\mssoap30.dll" \

exclude("IStream","IErrorInfo", "ISequentialStream","_LARGE_INTEGER", \

"_ULARGE_INTEGER", "tagSTATSTG","_FILETIME")

using namespaceMSSOAPLib30; //你机器得安装SOAP Toolkit3.0 ，1.0时，用usingnamespace时报错

void Add()

{

ISoapSerializerPtr Serializer;

ISoapReaderPtr Reader;

ISoapConnectorPtr Connector;

// Connect to the service.

Connector.CreateInstance(__uuidof(HttpConnector30)); //HttpConnector30 失败，无法这样创建Connector，CXX0017Error :Symbol “HttpConnector30“ not found（摇头、叹气！）

Connector->Property["EndPointURL"] ="http://MyServer/Soap3DocSamples/DocSample1/Server/DocSample1.wsdl"; //这个当然得改成您自己的拉

Connector->Connect();

// Begin the message.

//Connector->Property["SoapAction"] ="uri:AddNumbers";

Connector->Property["SoapAction"]= "http://tempuri.org/DocSample1/action/Sample1.AddNumbers";

Connector->BeginMessage();

// Create the SoapSerializer object.

Serializer.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapSerializer30));

// Connect the serializer object to theinput stream of the connector object.

Serializer->Init(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->InputStream));

// Build the SOAP Message.

Serializer->StartEnvelope("","","");

Serializer->StartBody("");

Serializer->StartElement("AddNumbers","http://tempuri.org/DocSample1/message/","",""); //这是本地的WebServices,实际中要指定命名空间

Serializer->StartElement("NumberOne","","","");

Serializer->WriteString("5");

Serializer->EndElement();

Serializer->StartElement("NumberTwo","","","");

Serializer->WriteString("10");

Serializer->EndElement();

Serializer->EndBody();

Serializer->EndEnvelope();

// Send the message to the XML Web service.

Connector->EndMessage();

// Read the response.

Reader.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapReader30));

// Connect the reader to the output streamof the connector object.

Reader->Load(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->OutputStream),"");

// Display the result.

printf("Answer: %s\n", (constchar*)Reader->RpcResult->text);

}

int main()

{

CoInitialize(NULL);

Add();

CoUninitialize();

return 0;

}

更改 EndPointURL 属性的值. 在URL里指定你的服务器名.

总结一下必要的关键步骤

1.导入类型库

2.需要创建一个SoapConnector

3.下一步创建SoapSerializer

4.下一步把消息附加到SoapConnector的输入流

5.下一步读取结果.要读取服务器的回复,客户端应用需要使用SoapReader,

6.SoapReader被连接到SoapConnector输出流

7.用IXMLDOMElement对象可以从SoapReader里读到服务器的回复

附：

SOAP ToolKit 3.0 下载地址：http://download.microsoft.com/download/xml/Install/3.0/W982KMeXP/EN-US/SoapToolkit30.EXE

第三部分

用Soap Toolkit调用WebService的一个问题。

问题描述：

在用非.NET客户端调用WebService中，按照使用Soap Toolkit中的指导实现起来很简单，但在实际使用过程中却发现一个问题。

假如Webservice提供的方法是：int SimpleMath.Add(int n1,int n2)，返回值是n1+n2, 但按照soaptoolkit提供的例子，使用VC进行调用，得到的返回值却是0。

记录下我的解决过程，备忘。

试验环境：

OS:WindowsXPProfessional

WebService：VS.NET 2003

WebService运行环境：IIS

客户端：VC6.0，VS.NET中的VC

SoapToolkit SDK：3.0

问题再现：

看Toolkit中稍微修改一下之后的例子代码：

#include<stdio.h>

#import"msxml4.dll"

using namespaceMSXML2;

#import"C:\Program Files\Common Files\MSSoap\Binaries\mssoap30.dll" \

exclude("IStream","IErrorInfo", "ISequentialStream","_LARGE_INTEGER", \

"_ULARGE_INTEGER", "tagSTATSTG","_FILETIME")

using namespaceMSSOAPLib30;

int test2()

{

ISoapSerializerPtr Serializer;

ISoapReaderPtr Reader;

ISoapConnectorPtr Connector;

// Connect to the service

Connector.CreateInstance(__uuidof(HttpConnector));

Connector->Property["EndPointURL"]= "http://localhost/WSTest/SimpleMath.asmx?WSDL";

Connector->Connect();

// Begin message

Connector->Property["SoapAction"]= "http://tempuri.org/Add";

Connector->BeginMessage();

// Create the SoapSerializer

Serializer.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapSerializer));

// Connect the serializer to the input streamof the connector

Serializer->Init(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->InputStream));

// Build the SOAP Message

Serializer->startEnvelope("","","");

Serializer->startBody("");

Serializer->startElement("Add","http://tempuri.org/","","");

Serializer->startElement("n1","","","");

Serializer->writeString("5");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->startElement("n2","","","");

Serializer->writeString("10");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->endBody();

Serializer->endEnvelope();

// Send the message to the web service

Connector->EndMessage();

// Let us read the response

Reader.CreateInstance(__uuidof(SoapReader));

// Connect the reader to the output stream ofthe connector

Reader->Load(_variant_t((IUnknown*)Connector->OutputStream),"");

// Display the result

printf("Answer: %s\n", (constchar*)Reader->RPCResult->text);

return 0;

}

返回结果应该是15，但实际却返回了0。

在网上搜索发现有人提议把WebService的方法的参数改为string，然后在方法内部转换，我觉得这不是一个好办法。事实上，我经过发现，这样的实现问题会更多。

返回结果应该是15，但实际却返回了0。

分析过程：

用soap toolkit的跟踪工具MSSoapT看一下，客户端到底向WebService发送了什么数据：

<SOAP-ENV:EnvelopeSOAP-ENV:encodingStyle=""xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<SOAP-ENV:BodySOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<SOAPSDK1:Addxmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://tempuri.org/"SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<n1SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">5</n1>

<n2SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">10</n2>

</SOAPSDK1:Add>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

再看看vs.NET调试中，IE浏览器发出的数据（模板）：

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<soap:Envelopexmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<soap:Body>

<Addxmlns="http://tempuri.org/">

<n1>int</n1>

<n2>int</n2>

</Add>

</soap:Body>

</soap:Envelope>

区别在哪里？soaptoolkit的数据中，多了个encodingStyle属性，尽管没有制定值。我们想办法屏蔽这个属性。

在SoapSerializer30的startElement方法中的参数中按照如下方式调用，可以不制定这个属性。

改代码如下：

...

Serializer->startElement("Add","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->startElement("n1","","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("5");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->startElement("n2","","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("10");

Serializer->endElement();

...

但返回结果还是0，看来和encodingStyle无关。看看跟踪情况：

<SOAP-ENV:EnvelopeSOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<SOAP-ENV:BodySOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<SOAPSDK1:Addxmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://tempuri.org/">

<n1>5</n1>

<n2>10</n2>

</SOAPSDK1:Add>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

问题解决：

比较一下vs.net中发出的请求，差别在哪里？认真看一下，n1和n2没有指定命名空间，那么就指定一下吧。

把代码改成：

Serializer->startElement("Add","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->startElement("n1","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("5");

Serializer->endElement();

Serializer->startElement("n2","http://tempuri.org/","NONE","");

Serializer->writeString("10");

Serializer->endElement();

测试结果正常了，返回15。

看看这时候发出的xml数据：

<SOAP-ENV:EnvelopeSOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">

<SOAP-ENV:BodySOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="">

<SOAPSDK1:Addxmlns:SOAPSDK1="http://tempuri.org/">

<SOAPSDK1:n1>5</SOAPSDK1:n1>

<SOAPSDK1:n2>10</SOAPSDK1:n2>

</SOAPSDK1:Add>

</SOAP-ENV:Body>

</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

原因：

我也无法总结到底是谁的问题：（

也许是VS.NET的问题，也许是SoapToolKit的问题，也许是他提供的例子自身就有问题，也许是我的运行环境有问题，当然，更也许是我还没有真正理解xml的命名空间或没有正确使用WebService。

本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/zzyx/archive/2005/03/24/328997.aspx

转自：http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=8aHvnszzYMYuXrr9XFgWnj6zvdukPDgEP47U6VeD6JgmDC6R4Tn8h5eGFy0Lr2j8BpSeSDg3YLMWG8ux3n-YlTJaUFdiqeOJrJTbSL59iDS

dragoo1

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