今天写的是用代码实现一个简单界面,代码重复率比较高,可读性不是太好,但是适合初学者看看,实现的简单功能界面:
1.创建一个新工程叫LTFDemo; File->New->Project ->single View Application -> next
2.打开LTFViewController.h文件,添加UITextFieldDelegate协议,因为TextField里输入内容时需要对键盘进行一些设置。界面需要一些布局,在LTFViewController.h文件一些声明对象
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface LTFViewController : UIViewController<UITextFieldDelegate>
{
UILabel *studentLable;//设置学生标题
UILabel *sNameLable;//学生姓名
UILabel *sSexLable;//学生性别
UILabel *sAgeLable;//学生年龄
UILabel *teacherLable;//老师标题
UILabel *tNameLable;//老师姓名
UILabel *tSexLable;//老师姓名
UITextField *sNameTextField;//学生姓名输入框
UITextField *sAgeTextField;//学生年龄输入框
UITextField *sSexTextField;//学生性别输入框
UITextField *tNameTextField;//老师姓名输入框
UITextField *tSexTextField; //老师性别输入框
}
@end
3.例举一个Lable的代码属性及功能的实现过程
初始化lable的位置和大小,CGRectMake()函数中的参数分别是原点坐标x和y,后面两个参数表示lable的宽度(width)和高度(height),
studentLable=[[UILabelalloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100,10,100,30)];
设置Lable的字体颜色值颜色,
[studentLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
设置lable字体大小
studentLable.font=[UIFontsystemFontOfSize:20];
设置lable的背景颜色studentLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
设置lable的标题字体对齐方式,此处居中对其
[studentLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
设置lable标题
studentLable.text=@"学 生";
把lable添加到视图上,少了这一步视图上使显示不出来的
[self.view addSubview:studentLable];
4.例举一个TextField的代码的实现其属性和功能的过程
//初始化坐标位置
sNameTextField=[[UITextFieldalloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100,60,200,30)];
//为空白文本字段绘制一个灰色字符串作为占位符,提示作用
sNameTextField.placeholder =@"输入姓名";
//默认就是左对齐,这个是UITextField扩展属性
sNameTextField.textAlignment =UITextAlignmentLeft;
//设置textField的形状
sNameTextField.borderStyle=UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
//设置键盘完成按钮
sNameTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;
//委托类需要遵守UITextFieldDelegate协议
sNameTextField.delegate=self;
//设置TextFiel输入框字体大小
sNameTextField.font = [UIFontsystemFontOfSize:18];
//安全设置,密文保护设置,显示点点,常用于密码设置栏
sNameTextField.secureTextEntry = YES;
// 把TextField添加到视图上
[self.viewaddSubview:sNameTextField];
//输入年龄需要启用数字键盘,此处实现自动跳转到数字键盘
sAgeTextField.keyboardType =UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;
5.介绍完lable和TextField代码实现,打开LTFViewController.m文件在ViewDidLoad中添加初始化代码,
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
studentLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 10, 100, 30)];
sNameLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 60, 80, 30)];
sSexLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 100, 80, 30)];
sAgeLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 140, 80, 30)];
teacherLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 200, 100, 30)];
tNameLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10,240, 80, 30)];
tSexLable=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 280, 80, 30)];
[studentLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[sNameLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[sAgeLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[sSexLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[teacherLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[tNameLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[tSexLable setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
studentLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
sNameLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
sAgeLable.backgroundColor=[UIColor clearColor];
sSexLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
teacherLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
tNameLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
tSexLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
[studentLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
[sNameLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
[sAgeLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
[sSexLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
[teacherLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
[tNameLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
[tSexLable setTextAlignment:UITextAlignmentCenter];
studentLable.text=@"学 生";
sNameLable.text=@"姓名:";
sAgeLable.text=@"性别:";
sSexLable.text=@"年龄:";
teacherLable.text=@"老 师";
tNameLable.text=@"姓名:";
tSexLable.text=@"性别:";
studentLable.font=[UIFont systemFontOfSize:20];
[self.view addSubview:studentLable];
[self.view addSubview:sNameLable];
[self.view addSubview:sAgeLable];
[self.view addSubview:sSexLable];
[self.view addSubview:teacherLable];
[self.view addSubview:tNameLable];
[self.view addSubview:tSexLable];
sNameTextField=[[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 60, 200, 30)];//初始化坐标位置
sNameTextField.placeholder = @"输入姓名";//为空白文本字段绘制一个灰色字符串作为占位符
sNameTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;//默认就是左对齐,这个是UITextField扩展属性
sNameTextField.borderStyle=UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect; //设置textField的形状
// sNameTextField.clearsOnBeginEditing = NO;//设置为YES当用点触文本字段时,字段内容会被清除,这个属性一般用于密码设置,当输入有误时情况textField中的内容
sNameTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;//设置键盘完成按钮
sNameTextField.delegate=self;//委托类需要遵守UITextFieldDelegate协议
sNameTextField.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18]; //设置TextFiel输入框字体大小
sAgeTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 30)];
sAgeTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
sAgeTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
sAgeTextField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;//输入年龄需要设置数字键盘
[sAgeTextField addTarget:self action:@selector(textFieldDone:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchDown]; //用textFieldDone函数,实现关闭数字键盘
sAgeTextField.delegate=self;
sSexTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 140, 200, 30)];
sSexTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
sSexTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
sSexTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;
sSexTextField.delegate=self;
// sNameTextField.enabled=NO; //把 sNameTextField设置成无效,点击任何反应
tNameTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 240, 200, 30)];
tNameTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
tNameTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
tNameTextField.delegate=self;
tSexTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 280, 200, 30)];
tSexTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
tSexTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
tSexTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;
tSexTextField.delegate=self;
tSexTextField.secureTextEntry = YES; //安全设置,密文保护设置
// 测试用的TextField
UITextField *testTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 400, 200, 30)];
testTextField.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
testTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;
testTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone;
testTextField.delegate=self;
// 把TextField添加到视图上
[self.view addSubview:sNameTextField];
[self.view addSubview:sAgeTextField];
[self.view addSubview:sSexTextField];
[self.view addSubview:tSexTextField];
[self.view addSubview:tNameTextField];
[self.view addSubview:testTextField];
}
6.然后用代理方法处理的就是键盘的操作,因为当键盘弹起的时候,在最下面的lable和textField可能会键盘遮挡,
在ViewDidLoad中我们有这样sNameTextField.returnKeyType=UIReturnKeyDone一段代码,作用就是当编辑完成后键盘右下角出现一个Done键,如果是中文输入法出现的是确定键,然后调用代理方法textFieldShouldReturn,当我们按下Done时,键盘就会退出;
resignFirstResponder(交出自己的第一响应者的身份,可以重写函数,这样如果写出返回no的时候当调用这个方法的时候它会拒绝交出第一响应者的身份)
//按下Done按钮时调用这个方法,可让按钮消失
-(BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField
{
[textField resignFirstResponder];
return YES;
}
7.当需要输入数字时候的时候 sAgeTextField.keyboardType = UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad;可以自动切换到数字键盘,键盘的八种风格
typedefenum {
UIKeyboardTypeDefault, //默认键盘:支持所有字符
UIKeyboardTypeASCIICapable, //支持ASCII的默认键盘
UIKeyboardTypeNumbersAndPunctuation, //标准电话键盘,支持+*#等符号
UIKeyboardTypeURL, // URL键盘,有.com按钮;只支持URL字符
UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad, //数字键盘
UIKeyboardTypePhonePad, //电话键盘
UIKeyboardTypeNamePhonePad, //电话键盘,也支持输入人名字
UIKeyboardTypeEmailAddress, //用于输入电子邮件地址的键盘
} UIKeyboar;
8.处理键盘遮挡视图的方法:
当开始点击textField会调用的方法,键盘高度216,当触摸高度在216一下extField时候,调整视图,把视图纵坐标向上增加216,orign(0,-216),然后view视图的高度增加216像素,相当于视图为320*696像素,如果设置增加216像素给view视图,会出现键盘遮盖部分为一篇黑色区域背景,当退出键盘是黑色会显示出来,给人视觉效果体验不好;当对textField编辑结束时调用textFieldDidEndEditing方法,调整视图为初始位置,frame.origin.y =20;为什么把视图的原点坐标纵坐标设置为20,因为iphone视图最上面通知栏占了20个像素;
-(void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
// 键盘高度216
if (textField.frame.origin.y>216) {
CGRect frame = self.view.frame;
frame.origin.y -=216;
frame.size.height +=216;
self.view.frame=frame;
}
}
// 当对textField编辑结束时调用此方法,需要调整视图为初始位置
-(void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
CGRect frame = self.view.frame;
frame.origin.x=00;
frame.origin.y =20;//为什么20,因为iphone视图最上面通知栏20个像素
frame.size.height =480;
self.view.frame=frame;
}
9再附上其他几个委托方法源码
//TextField的委托方法
-(BOOL)textFieldShouldEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField
{
//返回一个BOOL型值,指定是否循序文本字段编辑
return YES;
}
-(BOOL)textFieldShouldClear:(UITextField *)textField
{
// 返回一个BOOL值指明是否允许根据用户请求清除内容 可以设置在特定条件下才允许清除内容
return YES;
}
10.数字键盘并没有Done键,就不能退出按钮,通过 [ sAgeTextField addTarget : self action : @selector (textFieldDone:) forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchDown ];
这个相当于给TextField增加了一个按钮的功能,调用textFieldDone,当向输入框编辑完内容后,再次点击输入框键盘就退出了;
//重写数字键盘的方法
-(void)textFieldDone:(id)sender{
[sAgeTextField resignFirstResponder];
}
附上源代码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/duxinfeng2010/4397401