Laravel系列2入门使用

最好的教程是官方文档！

homestead安装好，就可以使用了。

laravel new  command will create a fresh Laravel installation in the directory you specify. For instance,  laravel new blog  will create a directory named  blog  containing a fresh Laravel installation with all of Laravel's dependencies already installed. 

其中 app包含了站点的 controllers（控制器），models（模型），views（视图）和 assets（资源）。这些是网站运行的主要代码，你会将你大部分的时间花在这些上面。

bootstrap用来存放系统启动时需要的文件，这些文件会被如 index.php 这样的文件调用。

public 文件夹是唯一外界可以看到的，是必须指向你 web 服务器的目录。它含有 laravel 框架核心的引导文件 index.php

vendor用来存放所有的第三方代码

此时浏览器访问public目录（ http://homestead.app/public/，为了方便我把blog目录改成之前配置好的public目录了，因为public目录指向的站点是homtstead.app，参见sites配置），如下图所示：

Laravel（下面简称L）内置了非常完善好用的简单用户登录注册功能,激活这个功能非常容易，运行以下命令：

php artisan make : auth

页面不正常，好像是因为 5.1 版本去掉了本系列教程主要讲解的元素(Auth 系统)

composer create-project laravel/laravel learnlaravel5 5.0.22 // 第三个参数中指定版本号

查看app/Http/routes.php 的代码

视图在resources\views下

一定要把网站定位到public目录下，不然访问/home会失败。可通过修改Homestead.yaml，然后 vagrant provision 重启。

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数据库：

php artisan make : migration create_tasks_table -- create = tasks

database / migrations  directory of your project.

可以把phpmyadmin放在public 目录下，然后修改脚本权限： chmod a-w *.php

Let's edit this file （如2016_08_05_051404_create_tasks_table.php）and add an additional  string  column 

$table->string('name');//add

php artisan migrate

This command will create all of our database tables. 

Eloquent Models

Usually, each Eloquent model corresponds directly with a single database table.

let's define a  Task  model that corresponds to our  tasks  database table we just created. 

php artisan make : model Task

The model will be placed in the  app  directory 

model name会假设对表的表是model name的复数形式，如Task model对应tasks表

Routing

defined in the  app / Http / routes . php

在此处，we will need at least three routes: a route to display a list of all of our tasks, a route to add new tasks, and a route to delete existing tasks.

Displaying A View

HTML templates are stored in the  resources / views  directory

像每个页面都会用到的导航，可以通过Blade  layouts 实现

let's define a new layout view in  resources / views / layouts / app . blade . php . The  . blade . php  extension instructs the framework to use the  Blade templating engine  to render the view. 

@yield('content') 是一个Blade 指令: that specifies where all child pages that extend the layout can inject their own content.

Next, let's define the child view that will use this layout and provide its

content.

Defining The Child View

resources / views / tasks . blade . php

 All of the content between  @ section ( 'content' )  and  @endsection  will be injected into the location of the @ yield ( 'content' )

The  @ include ( 'common.errors' )  directive will load the template located at resources / views / common / errors . blade . php .

<!-- resources/views/common/errors.blade.php --> @ if ( count ( $errors ) > 0 ) <!-- Form Error List --> < div class =" alert alert-danger "> < strong > Whoops ! Something went wrong ! </ strong > < br >< br > < ul > @ foreach ( $errors ->all () as $error ) < li >{{ $error }}</ li > @ endforeach </ ul > </ div > @ endif

测试错误输出：

将输入数据取不合要求的格式即可。

这个错误格式只有include它的view才能显示: @ include ( 'common.errors' )

Adding Tasks

检验输入数据：如少于255个字符

如果校验失败，将重定向用户到/目录

->withErrors ( $validator )   will flash the errors from the given validator instance into the session so that they can be accessed via the  $errors  variable in our view.

Creating The Task

To create the task, we may use the  save  method after creating and setting properties on a new Eloquent model:

$task = new Task;

$task->name = $request->name;

$task->save();

现在的样子：

Displaying Existing Tasks

we need to edit our  /  route to pass all of the existing tasks to the view .

The  view  function accepts a second argument which is an array of data that will be made available to the view, where each key in the array will become a 变量 within the view:

Deleting Tasks

Adding The Delete Button

When the button is clicked, a  DELETE / task  request will be sent to the application:

Note that the delete button's form  method  is listed as  POST , even though we are responding to the request using a  Route :: delete  route.

HTML forms only allow the  GET  and  POST  HTTP verbs, so we need a way to spoof a  DELETE  request from the form.

We can spoof a  DELETE  request by outputting the results of the  method_field ( 'DELETE' )  function within our form. This function generates a hidden form input that Laravel recognizes and will use to override the actual HTTP request method. The generated field will look like the following:

< input type =" hidden " name =" _method " value =" DELETE ">

We can use  implicit model binding  to automatically retrieve the  Task  model that corresponds to the  {task}  route parameter .

Route :: delete ( '/task/ {task} ' , function ( Task $task ) { $task ->delete (); return redirect ( '/' ); });

效果：