ocr简介

   汉字识别在将近20年的研究开发过程中,中国大陆先后有十几个 研究单位开展过汉字识别的研发工作,并得到了国家“七五攻 关”计划、863计划、国家自然科学基金的大力支持,目前已有 一些产品面向市场并取得了可喜的销售成绩,如“汉王笔”、 “文通笔”、“汉王 OCR”等。

   Tesseract的OCR引擎最先由HP实验室于1985年开始研发,至1995年时已经成为OCR业内最准确的三款识别引擎之一。之后,HP将Tesseract贡 献给开源软件业,让其重焕新生--2005年,Tesseract由美国内华达州信息技术研究所获得,并求诸于Google对Tesseract进行改进、消除 Bug、优化工作。 

  本文是自己做的一个小程序，通过摄像头采集的数据，然后对图片进行处理，包括灰度二制化，然后用tesseract进行解析正确率可以达到70%以上。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using Emgu.CV;
using Emgu.CV.CvEnum;
using Emgu.CV.Structure;
using Emgu.CV.UI;

/*Trace*/
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace SoundVideo
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Camera wc;
        string ImgFileName;
        string TxtFileName;    
        string TxtMenuInfo;
        int ImgNum = 0;
        Image<Gray, Byte> img1;
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /************************************************************************/
        /*                       读写ini文件函数                                */
        /************************************************************************/

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                //this.btnPlay.Enabled = false; 
                //this.btnClose.Enabled = true; 
                //panelPreview.Size = new Size(330,330); 
                wc = new Camera(pictureBox1.Handle, pictureBox1.Width, pictureBox1.Height);
                this.label1.Text = "状态显示";
                wc.StartCamera(pictureBox1.Width, pictureBox1.Height);
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("打开摄像头有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

        }

        private void btnPlay_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                // this.btnPlay.Enabled = false; 
                //this.btnClose.Enabled = true; 
                wc = new Camera(pictureBox1.Handle, pictureBox1.Width, pictureBox1.Height);
                wc.StartCamera(300, 200);
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("打开摄像头有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

        }

        private void btnScroll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                wc.capImage(wc.lwndC, "d://test.bmp");

            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("抓图有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
            img1 = new Image<Gray, Byte>("d://test.bmp");
            imageBox1.Image = img1;
        }

        private void btnStopCap_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                wc.stopCapScope(wc.lwndC);
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("停止摄像有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

        }

        private void btnStartCap_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                wc.capScope(wc.lwndC, "d://test.avi");
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("开始摄像有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

        }

        private void btnClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                //this.btnPlay.Enabled = true; 
                //this.btnClose.Enabled = false; 
                wc.CloseCamera();
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("关闭摄像头有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

        }

        private void btnAnalys_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ImgFileName = "d://test.bmp";

            if (File.Exists("d://test1.bmp"))
            {
                ImgFileName = "d://test1.bmp";
            }

            TxtFileName = "d://test";
            TxtMenuInfo = "d://MenuInfo.txt";
            this.txtBoxOutput.Text = " ";
            this.label1.Text = "分析中......";
            this.label1.Update();

            System.Diagnostics.Process OCR = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
            OCR.StartInfo.FileName = "tesseract.exe";
            OCR.StartInfo.Arguments = ImgFileName + " " + TxtFileName + " -l chi_sim";
            OCR.StartInfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
            OCR.Start();

            while (!OCR.HasExited)
            {
            }

            FileStream OCRResultFile = new FileStream(TxtFileName + ".txt", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
            StreamReader OCRResult_streamReader = new StreamReader(OCRResultFile);
            string strLineOCR = OCRResult_streamReader.ReadToEnd();
            this.txtBoxOutput.Text = strLineOCR;

            Trace.WriteLine("The OCR result is:");
            Trace.WriteLine(strLineOCR);
            OCRResult_streamReader.Close();
            FileStream menuFile = new FileStream(TxtMenuInfo, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);

            StreamReader menu_streamReader = new StreamReader(menuFile);
            string strLineMenu = menu_streamReader.ReadLine();
            this.txtBoxMatchMenu.Text = "";
            int ppnum = 0;
            while (strLineMenu != null)
            {
                int matchNum = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < strLineMenu.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (strLineOCR.Contains(strLineMenu.Substring(i, 1)))
                    {
                        Trace.WriteLine(strLineMenu.Substring(i, 1));
                        matchNum = matchNum + 1;
                    }
                }

                if (matchNum > strLineMenu.Length * 0.5)
                {
                    this.txtBoxMatchMenu.Text += strLineMenu;
                    this.txtBoxMatchMenu.Text += "/r/n";
                    ppnum++;
                }
                strLineMenu = menu_streamReader.ReadLine();

            }

            this.label1.Text = "跑完了......正确率是" + ((double)ppnum / 11) * 100 + "%";

        }

        private void ImgGrapTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.labelCue.Text = "分析中……";
            ImgFileName = "d://ImgAndTxt//Img" + ImgNum.ToString() + ".bmp";
            TxtFileName = "d://ImgAndTxt//Txt" + ImgNum.ToString();
            TxtMenuInfo = "d://MenuInfo.txt";
            /*抓图*/
            try
            {
                wc.capImage(wc.lwndC, ImgFileName);
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("抓图有误,请检查", "系统消息", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }

            /*执行tesseract.exe"*/
            System.Diagnostics.Process OCR = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
            OCR.StartInfo.FileName = "tesseract.exe";
            OCR.StartInfo.Arguments = ImgFileName + " " + TxtFileName + " -l chi_sim";
            OCR.StartInfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
            OCR.Start();

            /*wait直到OCR分析程序跑完*/
            while (!OCR.HasExited)
            {
            }
            /*Read OCR Result*/
            FileStream OCRResultFile = new FileStream(TxtFileName + ".txt", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
            StreamReader OCRResult_streamReader = new StreamReader(OCRResultFile);
            string strLineOCR = OCRResult_streamReader.ReadToEnd();
            this.txtBoxOutput.Text = strLineOCR;
            Trace.WriteLine("The OCR result is:");
            Trace.WriteLine(strLineOCR);
            OCRResult_streamReader.Close();

            /*Read Menu Files and Do Match*/
            FileStream menuFile = new FileStream(TxtMenuInfo, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);

            StreamReader menu_streamReader = new StreamReader(menuFile);
            string strLineMenu = menu_streamReader.ReadLine();
            this.txtBoxMatchMenu.Text = "";
            while (strLineMenu != null)
            {
                int matchNum = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < strLineMenu.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (strLineOCR.Contains(strLineMenu.Substring(i, 1)))
                    {
                        Trace.WriteLine(strLineMenu.Substring(i, 1));
                        matchNum = matchNum + 1;
                    }
                }
                if (matchNum > strLineMenu.Length * 0.5)
                {
                    this.txtBoxMatchMenu.Text += strLineMenu;
                    this.txtBoxMatchMenu.Text += "/r/n";
                }
                strLineMenu = menu_streamReader.ReadLine();
                Trace.WriteLine(strLineMenu);
            }

            this.labelCue.Text = "跑完了......";
            if (ImgNum < 10000)
            {
                ImgNum = ImgNum + 1;
            }
            else
            {
                ImgNum = 0;
            }

        }

        /*
         * 根据图片计算阈值
         */
        public double getThreshold()
        {

            img1 = new Image<Gray, Byte>("d://test.bmp");
            int height = img1.Height;
            Console.WriteLine(height);
            int width = img1.Width;
            double threshold = 0;
            double sum = 0;
            int i;
            int j;
            for (i = 0; i < height; i++)
            {
                for (j = 0; j < width; j++)
                {
                    Gray color = img1[i, j];
                    sum += color.Intensity;
                }
            }
            threshold = sum / (width * height);
            return threshold;
        }

        /*
          滑动调整阈值
         */
        private void trackBar1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int num = 0;
            int i;
            int j;
            int height = img1.Height;
            int width = img1.Width;
            num += trackBar1.Value;
            double threshold = getThreshold() * (num / 5);
            img1 = new Image<Gray, Byte>("d://test.bmp");
            txtBoxMatchMenu.Text = " ";
            txtBoxOutput.Text = " ";

            for (i = 0; i < height; i++)
            {
                for (j = 0; j < width; j++)
                {
                    Gray color = img1[i, j];
                    if (color.Intensity > threshold)
                        img1[i, j] = new Gray(255);
                    else
                        img1[i, j] = new Gray(0);
                    if (j > 300)
                    {
                        img1[i, j] = new Gray(255);
                    }
                }
            }
            imageBox1.Image = img1;
            img1.Save("d://test1.bmp");

        }

    }
}