Linux 每天自动备份mysql数据库的方法

转载自 【http://www.jb51.net/article/71913.htm】

Linux 服务器上的程序每天都在更新 MySQL 数据库，于是就想起写一个 shell 脚本，结合 crontab，定时备份数据库。其实非常简单，主要就是使用 MySQL 自带的 mysqldump 命令。

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62

#!/bin/bash # Shell script to backup MySql database  # To backup Nysql databases file to /backup dir and later pick up by your  # script. You can skip few databases from backup too. # For more info please see (Installation info): # http://www.cyberciti.biz/nixcraft/vivek/blogger/2005/01/mysql-backup-script.html  # Last updated: Aug - 2005 # -------------------------------------------------------------------- # This is a free shell script under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above # Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 nixCraft project # Feedback/comment/suggestions : http://cyberciti.biz/fb/ # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC) # Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information. # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- MyUSER= "SET-MYSQL-USER-NAME"   # USERNAME MyPASS= "SET-PASSWORD"    # PASSWORD  MyHOST= "localhost"     # Hostname # Linux bin paths, change this if it can not be autodetected via which command MYSQL= "$(which mysql)" MYSQLDUMP= "$(which mysqldump)" CHOWN= "$(which chown)" CHMOD= "$(which chmod)" GZIP= "$(which gzip)" # Backup Dest directory, change this if you have someother location DEST= "/backup" # Main directory where backup will be stored MBD= "$DEST/mysql" # Get hostname HOST= "$(hostname)" # Get data in dd-mm-yyyy format NOW= "$(date +" %d-%m-%Y ")" # File to store current backup file FILE= "" # Store list of databases  DBS= "" # DO NOT BACKUP these databases IGGY= "test" [ ! -d $MBD ] && mkdir -p $MBD || : # Only root can access it! $CHOWN 0.0 -R $DEST $CHMOD 0600 $DEST # Get all database list first DBS= "$($MYSQL -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS -Bse 'show databases')" for db in $DBS do    skipdb=-1    if [ "$IGGY" != "" ];    then    for i in $IGGY    do      [ "$db" == "$i" ] && skipdb=1 || :    done    fi    if [ "$skipdb" == "-1" ] ; then    FILE= "$MBD/$db.$HOST.$NOW.gz"    # do all inone job in pipe,    # connect to mysql using mysqldump for select mysql database    # and pipe it out to gz file in backup dir :)      $MYSQLDUMP -u $MyUSER -h $MyHOST -p$MyPASS $db | $GZIP -9 > $FILE    fi done

保存后将以上脚本加入crontab调度。如：每天早上四点半备份：30 4 * * * /data/backup-db.sh

如果你使用mysql5.1，可能会提示mysqldump 错误:

?

1 2 3 4

mysqldump: Couldn 't execute ' show create table `general_log` ': Table ' mysql.general_log ' doesn' t exist     mysqldump: Couldn 't execute ' show create table `slow_log` ': Table ' mysql.slow_log ' doesn' t exist

原因是mysql库中没有show_log表和general_log表，需要手动创建：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS general_log (   event_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,   user_host mediumtext NOT NULL,   thread_id int(11) NOT NULL,   server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,   command_type varchar(64) NOT NULL,   argument mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT= 'General log' ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS slow_log (   start_time timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,   user_host mediumtext NOT NULL,   query_time time NOT NULL,   lock_time time NOT NULL,   rows_sent int(11) NOT NULL,   rows_examined int(11) NOT NULL,   db varchar(512) NOT NULL,   last_insert_id int(11) NOT NULL,   insert_id int(11) NOT NULL,   server_id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,   sql_text mediumtext NOT NULL ) ENGINE=CSV DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT= 'Slow log' ;

方法二：

注意：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75

DumpFile=db$( date +%y%m%d)如果设置为这样一定要将此脚本放备份目录下才行。 DumpFile= "$BackupPath" db$( date +%y%m%d) 如果设置为这样，日志中会有这样的提示 tar : Removing leading `/' from member names 是因为备份的目录使用的是绝对路径，不过这样不影响数据，可以根据自己习惯而定。 -------------------------------------------------------------------start #!/bin/bash #This is a ShellScript For Auto DB Backup #Powered by aspbiz #2004-09 #Setting #设置数据库名，数据库登录名，密码，备份路径，日志路径，数据文件位置，以及备份方式 #默认情况下备份方式是tar，还可以是mysqldump,mysqldotcopy #默认情况下，用root(空)登录mysql数据库，备份至/root/dbxxxxx.tgz DBName=mysql DBUser=root DBPasswd= BackupPath= /root/ LogFile= /root/db .log DBPath= /var/lib/mysql/ #BackupMethod=mysqldump #BackupMethod=mysqlhotcopy #BackupMethod=tar #Setting End   NewFile= "$BackupPath" db$( date +%y%m%d).tgz DumpFile= "$BackupPath" db$( date +%y%m%d) OldFile= "$BackupPath" db$( date +%y%m%d -- date = '5 days ago' ).tgz echo "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile echo $( date + "%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" ) >> $LogFile echo "--------------------------" >> $LogFile #Delete Old File if [ -f $OldFile ] then rm -f $OldFile >> $LogFile 2>&1 echo "[$OldFile]Delete Old File Success!" >> $LogFile else echo "[$OldFile]No Old Backup File!" >> $LogFile fi if [ -f $NewFile ] then echo "[$NewFile]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!" >> $LogFile else case $BackupMethod in mysqldump) if [ -z $DBPasswd ] then mysqldump -u $DBUser --opt $DBName > $DumpFile else mysqldump -u $DBUser -p$DBPasswd --opt $DBName > $DumpFile fi tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1 echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile rm -rf $DumpFile ;; mysqlhotcopy) rm -rf $DumpFile mkdir $DumpFile if [ -z $DBPasswd ] then mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser $DBName $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1 else mysqlhotcopy -u $DBUser -p $DBPasswd $DBName $DumpFile >>$LogFile 2>&1 fi tar czvf $NewFile $DumpFile >> $LogFile 2>&1 echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile rm -rf $DumpFile ;; *) /etc/init .d /mysqld stop > /dev/null 2>&1 tar czvf $NewFile $DBPath$DBName >> $LogFile 2>&1 /etc/init .d /mysqld start > /dev/null 2>&1 echo "[$NewFile]Backup Success!" >> $LogFile ;; esac fi echo "-------------------------------------------" >> $LogFile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------end

以上内容就是本文给大家介绍的linux下mysql如何自动备份shell脚本，希望大家喜欢

转载自 【http://www.jb51.net/article/19878.htm】

linux下为了安全有时候需要自动备份mysql数据库，下面是具体的实现步骤。
/usr/bin为mysql安装目录
建备份文件夹：
mkdir mysql_data_bak
建脚本文件：
touch autobackupmysql.sh
打开文件
vi autobackupmysql.sh
在脚本中加入如下内容：
filename=`date +%Y%m%d`
/usr/bin/mysqldump -opt mysql -u root -proot|gzip >/mysql_data_bak/name$filename.gz
这里注意了
一般的：
**********************************************************
打开自动执行文件
vi /etc/crontab
在etc中加入如下内容，让其自动执行任务。
01 15 * * * root /mysql_data_bak/autobackupmysql
**********************************************************
Redhat方法：
　　Redhat的crontab采用按时间调用4个目录（/etc/cron.hourly：每小时；/etc/cron.daily：每
天；/etc/cron.weekly：每周；/etc/cron.monthly：每月）中脚本出来运行的方式。
　　Redhat中只需要将刚才编辑的脚本复制到相应的目录即可。
cp /mysql_data_bak/autobackupmysql etc/cron.daily
重启etc
/etc/rc.d/init.d/crond restart