本篇讲述通过ThreadLocal类来实现线程范围内共享数据
代码如下:
public class ThreadLocalShare {
private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadLocal=new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
int data = new Random().nextInt();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " has put data :" + data);
threadLocal.set(data);
new A().get();
new B().get();
}
}).start();
}
}
static class A{
public void get(){
int data=threadLocal.get();
System.out.println("A from " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " get data :" + data);
}
}
static class B{
public void get(){
int data=threadLocal.get();
System.out.println("B from " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " get data :" + data);
}
}
}
输出结果为:
Thread-0 has put data :1800795006
Thread-1 has put data :357546823
A from Thread-0 get data :1800795006
A from Thread-1 get data :357546823
B from Thread-0 get data :1800795006
B from Thread-1 get data :357546823
实现了不同模块在同一线程中运行时数据的共享。
注意:
1、ThreadLocal对象的set(param)方法相当于HashMap的put()方法,原理类似于往map中放入一条记录,key值为各自的线程,value值为set(param)方法中的参数。
当线程结束时,可调用ThreadLocal.clear()方法,以便释放内存。也可等线程结束后自动自动释放存。
2、一个ThreadLocal代表一个变量,故里面只能存放一个变量对应的数据;当存在多个变量时需要线程共享,则可定义对象来封装变量,然后在ThreadLocal中存储对象即可。
例子如下:
public class ThreadLocalScope {
private static ThreadLocal<Integer> x = new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
private static ThreadLocal<MyThreadScopeData> myThreadScopeData = new ThreadLocal<MyThreadScopeData>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
int data = new Random().nextInt();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " has put data :" + data);
x.set(data);
MyThreadScopeData.getThreadInstance().setName("name" + data);
MyThreadScopeData.getThreadInstance().setAge(data);
new A().get();
new B().get();
}
}).start();
}
}
static class A{
public void get(){
int data = x.get();
System.out.println("A from " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " get data :" + data);
MyThreadScopeData myData = MyThreadScopeData.getThreadInstance();
System.out.println("A from " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " getMyData: " + myData.getName() + "," +
myData.getAge());
}
}
static class B{
public void get(){
int data = x.get();
System.out.println("B from " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " get data :" + data);
MyThreadScopeData myData = MyThreadScopeData.getThreadInstance();
System.out.println("B from " + Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " getMyData: " + myData.getName() + "," +
myData.getAge());
}
}
}
class MyThreadScopeData{
private MyThreadScopeData(){}
public static MyThreadScopeData getThreadInstance(){
MyThreadScopeData instance = map.get();
if(instance == null){
instance = new MyThreadScopeData();
map.set(instance);
}
return instance;
}
//private static MyThreadScopeData instance = null;//new MyThreadScopeData();
private static ThreadLocal<MyThreadScopeData> map = new ThreadLocal<MyThreadScopeData>();
private String name;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
在应用上来说,线程范围内共享对象数据的应用明显多于单个属性变量的共享应用。