swing/组件 java(三)

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-24 19:09:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-07-24 19:09:19 发布

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java swing 组件

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/feather_wch/article/details/50471218

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1.简介

Swing继承AWT，缺乏跨平台
SWT 改进 Swing，但消耗内存
JFace 改进SWT—高效

2.步骤

import java.awt,javax.swing
继承JFrame
构造函数
- new JButton
- this.add(jb, BorderLayout(NORTH) )
- this.setTitle
- this.setDefualtCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE)
- this.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT))
- this.setLayout(NULL)
new Demo

3.Button:属于容器

JButton/JRadioButton 单选/ToggleButton 触发/BasicArrowButton

4.函数

setVisible
setLocation
setSize

5.布局

BorderLayout：中间自动调节
FlowLayout：缩放，button大小不变，位置改变
GridLayout（row，col）：大小改变，相对位置不改变
* **锁定窗口**setResizable(false);

6.组件

组件种类

JTextField 文本框
JPassword 密码框
JLable 标签
JCombox 下拉框
JList 列表
JScrollPane 滚动栏
JSplitePane 伸缩框
JTextArea 多文本框
JTabbedPane 选项卡
JMenuBar 菜单栏
JToolBar 工具栏

包含以上所有组件的例程代码

class Windows extends JFrame{
    JPanel jpNorth, jpSouth, jpCenter, jpEast = null;

    JPanel jpAccountInfo;
    JPanel jpCenter3 = null;
    JPanel jpList, jpselection2, jpselection3;
    JPanel jpTabbedJPanel;

    JButton jbn1, jbn2, jbs1, jbs2;
    JLabel jlAccount, jlPassword;
    JLabel jLabel, jLabel2, jLabel3;
    JTextField jtfAccount;
    JPasswordField jpfPassword;

    JCheckBox jcb1, jcb2, jcb3;
    JRadioButton jrbMale, jrbFemale;    
    ButtonGroup bGroup;

    JComboBox jcb;
    JList jList,jList2, jList3;
    JScrollPane jspFriendScrollPane, jspTextAreaJScrollPane;
    JSplitPane jsp;
    JTextArea jtxChatBoxArea;
    JTabbedPane jtpJTabbedPane = null;

    JMenuBar jMenuBar =    null;
    JMenu jMenuFather =    null, jMenuFather1 = null;
    JMenu jMenuSon    =    null;
    JMenuItem jItemF1, jItemF2, jItemF3, jItemF4;
    JMenuItem jItemSub1, jItemSub2;

    JToolBar jtoolBar;
    public Windows() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

        /*==========  初始化布局文件    ==========*/
        jpNorth = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        jpSouth = new JPanel();
        jpCenter = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,1));
        jpAccountInfo = new JPanel(null);             //无布局
        jpList = new JPanel(null);
        jpselection2  = new JPanel(null);
        jpselection3  = new JPanel(null);
        jpCenter3 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

        /*==========  初始化Button   ===============*/
        jbn1 = new JButton("North");
        jbn2 = new JButton("北部");
        jbs1 = new JButton("Sorth");
        jbs2 = new JButton("南部");

        /*==========  初始化Label    =============*/
        jlAccount = new JLabel("账户");
        jlAccount.setBounds(100, 0, 50, 20);                         //设置位置和Size
        jlPassword = new JLabel("密码");
        jlPassword.setBounds(100, 20, 100, 20);
        jLabel = new JLabel(new ImageIcon("F:\\boy.jpeg"));            //图片
        jLabel.setSize(50, 50);
        jLabel2 = new JLabel("放于父居中", jLabel.CENTER);
        jLabel2.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 16));              //字体
        jLabel2.setForeground(Color.ORANGE);                         //背景色
        jLabel2.setBounds(0, 0, 100, 50);
        jLabel3 = new JLabel("<html><a href = 'www.baidu.com'>这里要放文字</a>");//链接
        jLabel3.setBounds(100, 0, 100, 50);
        jLabel3.setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));         //鼠标样式
        jpAccountInfo.add(jlAccount);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jlPassword);
        jpselection2.add(jLabel);
        jpselection3.add(jLabel2);
        jpselection3.add(jLabel3);

        /*=====  JTextFiedl/JPasswordFeild =======*/         
        jtfAccount = new JTextField();                       //文本框
        jtfAccount.setBounds(150, 0, 100, 20);
        jpfPassword = new JPasswordField();
        jpfPassword.setBounds(150, 20, 100, 20);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jtfAccount);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jpfPassword);

        /*==========  初始化JCheckBox  =============*/       //复选框
        jcb1 = new JCheckBox("电竞");
        jcb1.setBounds(250, 0, 100, 20);
        jcb2 = new JCheckBox("体育");
        jcb2.setBounds(350, 0, 100, 20);
        jcb3 = new JCheckBox("艺术");
        jcb3.setBounds(450, 0, 100, 20);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jcb1);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jcb2);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jcb3);

        /*====== 初始化 JRadioGroup ========*/               //单选框
        jrbFemale = new JRadioButton("Female");
        jrbFemale.setBounds(250, 20, 100, 20);
        jrbMale = new JRadioButton("Male");
        jrbMale.setBounds(350, 20, 100, 20);

        /*======  初始化 ButtonGroup =========*/
        bGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        bGroup.add(jrbFemale);
        bGroup.add(jrbMale);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jrbFemale);
        jpAccountInfo.add(jrbMale);

        /*======  Init JCombox  ======*/
        String []jcbStrings = {"北京","南京","东京"};       //下拉框
        jcb = new JComboBox(jcbStrings);
        jcb.setBounds(0, 0, 80, 20);
        jpList.add(jcb);

        /*======  Init   JList  ====== 列表*/
        String []jlFriendsStrings = {"秋风颂剑", "小耳朵","wang","hao","wu","ai"};
        jList = new JList(jlFriendsStrings);

        /*======  Init  JScrollPane  ====== 滚动条*/
        jspFriendScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jList);       
        jspFriendScrollPane.setBounds(100, 0, 100, 50);
        jpList.add(jspFriendScrollPane);

        /*======  Init JSplitPane ======收缩框*/
        String []jl2Strings = {"我是", "伸缩","框"};          //列表
        jList2 = new JList(jl2Strings);
        String []jl3Strings = {"我是", "右边", "JList"};
        jList3 = new JList(jl3Strings);
        jsp = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.HORIZONTAL_SPLIT, jList2, jList3); //收缩框
        jsp.setOneTouchExpandable(true);                     //是否可以拖拽

        /*====== Init JTextArea   ======*/
        jtxChatBoxArea = new JTextArea();                      //多行输入框
        jspTextAreaJScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jtxChatBoxArea);
        jspTextAreaJScrollPane.setBounds(200, 0, 300, 300);
        jspTextAreaJScrollPane.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);//总是显示ScroolPane
        jpCenter3.add(jspTextAreaJScrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        /*======    JTabblePane    ======选项卡*/
        jtpJTabbedPane = new JTabbedPane();
        jtpJTabbedPane.add(jpList, "Cbox/ScrollP");
        jtpJTabbedPane.add(jpselection2, "label images");
        jtpJTabbedPane.add(jpselection3, "label Font");
        jpTabbedJPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        jpTabbedJPanel.add(jtpJTabbedPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        jpCenter.add(jpTabbedJPanel, 0);

        /*======   JMenuBar  =====  工具栏*/
        jMenuBar = new JMenuBar();
        jMenuFather = new JMenu("File(F)");
        jMenuFather.setMnemonic('F');              //助记符
        jMenuFather1 = new JMenu("Help(H)");
        jMenuFather1.setMnemonic('H');          //助记符
        jMenuSon = new JMenu("SubMenu(S)");
        jMenuSon.setMnemonic('S');
        jItemF1 = new JMenuItem("Create");
        jItemF1.setToolTipText("Create-setToolTipText"); //额外信息
        jItemF2 = new JMenuItem("Delete(D)");
        jItemF2.setMnemonic('D');
        jItemF2.setToolTipText("Delete-setToolTipText"); //额外信息
        jItemF3 = new JMenuItem("Copy");
        jItemF3.setToolTipText("这个是setToolTipText"); //额外信息
        jItemF4 = new JMenuItem("Cut");
        jItemSub1 = new JMenuItem("Sub");
        jItemSub2 = new JMenuItem("Menu");
        jMenuBar.add(jMenuFather);
        jMenuBar.add(jMenuFather1);
        jMenuFather.add(jItemF1);
        jMenuFather.add(jItemF2);
        jMenuFather.addSeparator();              // menu增加分割线
        jMenuFather.add(jMenuSon);               //嵌套SubMenu
        jMenuFather1.add(jItemF3);
        jMenuFather1.add(jItemF4);
        jMenuSon.add(jItemSub1);
        jMenuSon.add(jItemSub2);
        jpNorth.add(jMenuBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        /*======  JToolBar ======  工具栏*/
        jtoolBar = new JToolBar();
        jbn1.setMnemonic('B');
        jbn1.setToolTipText("Press (B)");
        jbn2.setToolTipText("tool2");
        jbs1.setToolTipText("3TOOL");
        jbs2.setToolTipText("hello word");
        jtoolBar.add(jbs1);
        jtoolBar.add(jbs2);
        jtoolBar.add(jbn1);
        jtoolBar.add(jbn2);
        jpSouth.add(jtoolBar);

        //add JPanel in JPanel
        jpCenter.add(jpAccountInfo, 1);
        jpCenter.add(jpCenter3, 2);

        //add JPanel in JFrame
        this.add(jpNorth, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        this.add(jpCenter, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.add(jpSouth, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.add(jsp, BorderLayout.WEST);                     //伸缩框

        //set JFrame
        this.setTitle("My Swing");
        this.setSize(800, 400);
        this.setLocation(400, 200);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //默认关闭
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setResizable(false);                              //不可以放大缩小
        //设置标题图标 2种方法
        //Image img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("F:\\boy.jpeg");
        //this.setIconImage(img);
        this.setIconImage(new ImageIcon("F:\\boy.jpeg").getImage());
    }

7.组件补充

JFileChooser

代码

 JFileChoose jfc = new JFileChoose();
 jfc.setDialogTitle("please choose file");
 jfc.showOpenDialog(null); //null:表示default
 jfc.showSaveDialog(null);
 String name = jfc.getSelectedFile().getAbsolutePath();

 bw.write(this.jta.getText()); //JTextArea 得到内容

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swing/组件 java(三)

1.简介Swing继承AWT，缺乏跨平台 SWT 改进 Swing，但消耗内存 JFace 改进SWT—高效2.步骤import java.awt,javax.swing继承JFrame构造函数 new JButtonthis.add(jb, BorderLayout(NORTH) )this.setTitlethis.setDefualtCloseOperation(JFrame
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