Android启动流程分析之三：内核启动过程2--start_kernel

http://blog.csdn.net/ly890700/article/details/54586484

start_kernel是内核启动后执行的第一个C语言函数，位于kernel/init/main.c中

一 start_kernel上半段

kernel/init/main.c  Collapse source

asmlinkage __visible  void  __init start_kernel( void ) {      char  *command_line;      char  *after_dashes;      /*       * Need to run as early as possible, to initialize the       * lockdep hash:       */      lockdep_init();      set_task_stack_end_magic(&init_task);      smp_setup_processor_id();      debug_objects_early_init();      cgroup_init_early();      local_irq_disable();      early_boot_irqs_disabled =  true ; /*   * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then   * enable them   */      boot_cpu_init();      page_address_init();      pr_notice( "%s" , linux_banner);      setup_arch(&command_line);      /*       * Set up the the initial canary ASAP:       */      boot_init_stack_canary();      mm_init_cpumask(&init_mm);      setup_command_line(command_line);      setup_nr_cpu_ids();      setup_per_cpu_areas();      smp_prepare_boot_cpu();  /* arch-specific boot-cpu hooks */      build_all_zonelists(NULL, NULL);      page_alloc_init();      pr_notice( "Kernel command line: %s\n" , boot_command_line);      parse_early_param();      after_dashes = parse_args( "Booting kernel" ,                    static_command_line, __start___param,                    __stop___param - __start___param,                    -1, -1, &unknown_bootoption);      if  (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(after_dashes))          parse_args( "Setting init args" , after_dashes, NULL, 0, -1, -1,                 set_init_arg);      jump_label_init();      /*       * These use large bootmem allocations and must precede       * kmem_cache_init()       */      setup_log_buf(0);      pidhash_init();      vfs_caches_init_early();      sort_main_extable();      trap_init();      mm_init();      /*       * Set up the scheduler prior starting any interrupts (such as the       * timer interrupt). Full topology setup happens at smp_init()       * time - but meanwhile we still have a functioning scheduler.       */      sched_init();      /*       * Disable preemption - early bootup scheduling is extremely       * fragile until we cpu_idle() for the first time.       */      preempt_disable();      if  (WARN(!irqs_disabled(),           "Interrupts were enabled *very* early, fixing it\n" ))          local_irq_disable();      idr_init_cache();      rcu_init();      context_tracking_init();      radix_tree_init();      /* init some links before init_ISA_irqs() */      early_irq_init();      init_IRQ();      tick_init();      rcu_init_nohz();      init_timers();      hrtimers_init();      softirq_init();      timekeeping_init();      time_init();      sched_clock_postinit();      perf_event_init();      profile_init();      call_function_init();      WARN(!irqs_disabled(),  "Interrupts were enabled early\n" );      early_boot_irqs_disabled =  false ;      local_irq_enable();

在start_kernel上半段中会调用一系列初始化函数来完成内核的初始化工作：

1 lockdep_init();  初始化内核死锁检测机制的哈希表

2 smp_setup_processor_id();  返回cpu号，单核cpu返回0

3 debug_objects_early_init();  对调试对象进行早期的初始化

4 local_irq_disable();  关闭当前cpu的中断

5 boot_cpu_init();  设置当前cpu位激活状态

6 page_address_init();   初始化高端内存的

7 setup_arch(&command_line);  执行内核架构相关初始化函数

8 boot_init_stack_canary();  初始化栈canary值，canary值用于防止栈溢出攻击的堆栈的保护字

9 build_all_zonelists(NULL, NULL);  建立系统内存页区(zone)链表

10 page_alloc_init();  内存页初始化

11 在parse_args函数中解析cmdline中的启动参数

12 etup_log_buf(0);  使用memblock_alloc分配一个启动时log缓冲区

13 pidhash_init();  初始化pid散列表

14 vfs_caches_init_early();  初始化dentry和inode的hashtable

15 sort_main_extable();  对内核异常向量表进行排序

16 trap_init();  对内核陷阱异常进行初始化，arm没有用到

17 mm_init();  初始化内核内存分配器，过度到伙伴系统，启动slab机制，初始化非连续内存区

18 sched_init();  初始化进程调度器

19 local_irq_disable();  关闭本地中断

20 rcu_init();  初始化rcu机制

21 init_IRQ();  初始化中断lockdep_init

22 tick_init();  初始化时钟滴答控制器

23 init_timers();  初始化内核定时器

24 softirq_init();  初始化软中断

25 time_init();  时钟初始化

26 profile_init();   对内核的一个性能测试工具profile进行初始化

27 local_irq_enable();  使能当前cpu中断

 

二 start_kernel下半段

 

 

 

kernel/init/main.c  Collapse source

kmem_cache_init_late();      /*       * HACK ALERT! This is early. We're enabling the console before       * we've done PCI setups etc, and console_init() must be aware of       * this. But we do want output early, in case something goes wrong.       */      console_init();      if  (panic_later)          panic( "Too many boot %s vars at `%s'" , panic_later,                panic_param);      lockdep_info();      /*       * Need to run this when irqs are enabled, because it wants       * to self-test [hard/soft]-irqs on/off lock inversion bugs       * too:       */      locking_selftest(); #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD      if  (initrd_start && !initrd_below_start_ok &&          page_to_pfn(virt_to_page(( void  *)initrd_start)) < min_low_pfn) {          pr_crit( "initrd overwritten (0x%08lx < 0x%08lx) - disabling it.\n" ,              page_to_pfn(virt_to_page(( void  *)initrd_start)),              min_low_pfn);          initrd_start = 0;      } #endif      page_cgroup_init();      debug_objects_mem_init();      kmemleak_init();      setup_per_cpu_pageset();      numa_policy_init();      if  (late_time_init)          late_time_init();      sched_clock_init();      calibrate_delay();      pidmap_init();      anon_vma_init();      acpi_early_init(); #ifdef CONFIG_X86      if  (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES))          efi_enter_virtual_mode(); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_X86_ESPFIX64      /* Should be run before the first non-init thread is created */      init_espfix_bsp(); #endif      thread_info_cache_init();      cred_init();      fork_init(totalram_pages);      proc_caches_init();      buffer_init();      key_init();      security_init();      dbg_late_init();      vfs_caches_init(totalram_pages);      signals_init();      /* rootfs populating might need page-writeback */      page_writeback_init();      proc_root_init();      cgroup_init();      cpuset_init();      taskstats_init_early();      delayacct_init();      check_bugs();      acpi_subsystem_init();      sfi_init_late();      if  (efi_enabled(EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES)) {          efi_late_init();          efi_free_boot_services();      }      ftrace_init();      /* Do the rest non-__init'ed, we're now alive */      rest_init(); }

 

在下半段中主要完成：

 

1 kmem_cache_init_late();  初始化slab分配器的缓存机制

 

2 console_init(); 初始化控制台

 

3 lockdep_info();  打印锁的依赖信息

 

4 locking_selftest();  死锁检测

5 page_cgroup_init();  为page_cgroup相关结构分配存储空间

6 debug_objects_mem_init();  创建debug_obj的slab高速缓存

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