mybatis学习之查询缓存

什么是查询缓存？

mybatis提供查询缓存，用于减轻数据压力，提高数据库性能

mybatis提供一级缓存和二级缓存

一级缓存是SQLSession的缓存

在操作数据库时需要构造SQLSession对象，在对象中有一个数据结构（HashMap）用于存储缓存数据

不同的SQLSession之间的缓存数据区域（HashMap）是互相不影响的

二级缓存是mapper级别的缓存

多个SqlSession，操作同一个mapper的SQL语句，多个SqlSession可以共用二级缓存，二级缓存是跨SQLSession的

为什么要用缓存?

如果缓存中有数据就不用从数据库中获取，大大提高系统的性能。

一级缓存

1、工作原理

第一次发起查询用户Id为1的用户信息，先去找缓存中是否有id为1的用户信息，如果没有就从数据库查询用户信息 得到用户的信息后，将用户信息存到一级缓存中去

如果SQLSession去执行commit操作（执行插入，更新，删除）,清空SQLSession中的一级缓存，这样做的目的为了让缓存中存储的是最新的信息，避免脏读

第二次发起查询用户id为1的用户信息，先去找缓存中是否有id为1的用户信息，缓存中有，直接从缓存中获取用户信息

2、一级缓存测试

mybatis默认是支持一级缓存的，不需要从配置文件中开启缓存开关。

按照上面的一级缓存的原理步骤去测试。

    //一级缓存测试
    @Test
    public void testCache1() throws Exception{
        //创建SqlSession
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        //第一次发起请求，查询ID为29的用户
        User user1 = userMapper.findUserById(29);
        System.out.println(user1);

        //如果sqlSession执行commit操作，是否会清空一级缓存
        //更新user1的信息,清空缓存
        user1.setUsername("一级缓存已更新");
        userMapper.updateUser(user1);
        //执行commit才会清空缓存
        sqlSession.commit();
        //第二次发起请求，查询ID为29的用户
        User user2 = userMapper.findUserById(29);
        System.out.println(user2);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

输出结果为：

DEBUG [main] - Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.slf4j.Slf4jImpl' adapter.
DEBUG [main] - Class not found: org.jboss.vfs.VFS
DEBUG [main] - JBoss 6 VFS API is not available in this environment.
DEBUG [main] - Class not found: org.jboss.vfs.VirtualFile
DEBUG [main] - VFS implementation org.apache.ibatis.io.JBoss6VFS is not valid in this environment.
DEBUG [main] - Using VFS adapter org.apache.ibatis.io.DefaultVFS
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: Items.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: Order.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: OrderCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: OrderDetail.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: User.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: UserCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: UserQueryVo.class
DEBUG [main] - Listing file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/Items.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/Items.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 W
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/Order.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/Order.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 f
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/OrderCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/OrderCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 "
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/OrderDetail.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/OrderDetail.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 J
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/User.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/User.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 [
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/UserCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/UserCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/UserQueryVo.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo/UserQueryVo.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4 %
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.Items matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.Order matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.OrderCustom matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.OrderDetail matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.User matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.UserCustom matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class pojo.UserQueryVo matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.
DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.
DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.
DEBUG [main] - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: OrderMapperCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: OrderMapperCustom.xml
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: UserMapper.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: UserMapper.xml
DEBUG [main] - Listing file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/OrderMapperCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/OrderMapperCustom.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4    
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/OrderMapperCustom.xml
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/OrderMapperCustom.xml
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.class
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.class
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: ����   4    findUserByIdResultMap (I)Lpojo/User; 
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml
DEBUG [main] - Reader entry: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class mapper.OrderMapperCustom matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Checking to see if class mapper.UserMapper matches criteria [is assignable to Object]
DEBUG [main] - Opening JDBC Connection
DEBUG [main] - Created connection 439904756.
DEBUG [main] - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@1a3869f4]
DEBUG [main] - ==>  Preparing: SELECT * FROM USER WHERE id = ? 
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 29(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - <==      Total: 1
User{id=29, username='测试测试1', sex='1', birthday=Mon Jun 19 00:00:00 CST 2017, address='湖南益阳', orderList=null}
DEBUG [main] - ==>  Preparing: UPDATE user SET username = ? , birthday = ? , sex = ? , address = ? where id = ? 
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 一级缓存已更新(String), 2017-06-19 00:00:00.0(Timestamp), 1(String), 湖南益阳(String), 29(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - <==    Updates: 1
DEBUG [main] - Committing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@1a3869f4]
DEBUG [main] - ==>  Preparing: SELECT * FROM USER WHERE id = ? 
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 29(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - <==      Total: 1
User{id=29, username='一级缓存已更新', sex='1', birthday=Mon Jun 19 00:00:00 CST 2017, address='湖南益阳', orderList=null}
DEBUG [main] - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@1a3869f4]
DEBUG [main] - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@1a3869f4]
DEBUG [main] - Returned connection 439904756 to pool.

Process finished with exit code 0

对比

    //一级缓存测试
    @Test
    public void testCache1() throws Exception{
        //创建SqlSession
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        //第一次发起请求，查询ID为29的用户
        User user1 = userMapper.findUserById(29);
        System.out.println(user1);

        //第二次发起请求，查询ID为29的用户
        User user2 = userMapper.findUserById(29);
        System.out.println(user2);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

输出结果为：

DEBUG [main] - Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.slf4j.Slf4jImpl' adapter.
DEBUG [main] - Class not found: org.jboss.vfs.VFS
DEBUG [main] - JBoss 6 VFS API is not available in this environment.
DEBUG [main] - Class not found: org.jboss.vfs.VirtualFile
DEBUG [main] - VFS implementation org.apache.ibatis.io.JBoss6VFS is not valid in this environment.
DEBUG [main] - Using VFS adapter org.apache.ibatis.io.DefaultVFS
DEBUG [main] - Find JAR URL: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo
DEBUG [main] - Not a JAR: file:/E:/%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae/IDEA%20Project/mybatis/out/production/mybatis/pojo
DE