rhel6.6_oracle11gR2的静默安装

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-03 05:49:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-04-03 05:49:05 发布

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分类专栏： Oracle 安装卸载文章标签： oracle oracle静默安装

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本次演示是在linux环境下静默安装oracle11gR2

环境： VM + rhel6.6+ oracle11gR2

Rhel6安装包: rhel-server-6.6-x86_64-dvd.iso

oracle11gR2安装包：p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

rhel6 安装包目录为: /u01/setup/rhel6Setup

oracle安装包目录为: /u01/setup/oracleSetup

一：安装linux

1)linux安装包

Base System > Base
Base System > Client management tools
Base System > Compatibility libraries
Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities
Base System > Large Systems Performance
Base System > Network file system client
Base System > Performance Tools
Base System > Perl Support
Servers > Server Platform
Servers > System administration tools
Desktops > Desktop
Desktops > Desktop Platform
Desktops > Fonts
Desktops > General Purpose Desktop
Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools
Desktops > Input Methods
Desktops > X Window System
Development > Additional Development
Development > Development Tools
Applications > Internet Browser

二：安装准备

1)修改 /etc/hosts文件

[root@localhost Server]# vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1      localhost.localdomain   localhost
::1    localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.1.110 localhost.localdomain localhost

2)修改防火墙设置

重启后生效
开启： chkconfig iptables on
关闭： chkconfig iptables off

即时生效，重启后失效
开启： service iptables start
关闭： service iptables stop

3)修改 /etc/selinux/config文件

SELINUX=disabled

4)指定本地yum源

对/etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo 进行修改

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo

[rhel-source]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever -$basearch - Source
baseurl=file:///u01/setup/rhel6Setup/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///u01/setup/rhel6Setup/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

5)添加内核参数 /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576   --文件系统最大异步io
fs.file-max = 6815744     --文件系统中最大文件个数
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096  --最小共享内存大小 bytes
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm,semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500  --端口的范围
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586

修改完成后执行 /sbin/sysctl -p

6)添加 /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle              soft    nproc  2047
oracle              hard    nproc  16384
oracle              soft    nofile 1024
oracle              hard    nofile 65536
oracle              soft    stack  10240

7)添加oracle用户和组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba  oracle

passwd oracle

8)添加目录和权限

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01

9)添加Oracle环境变量

切换oracle用户，并添加目录下的.bash_profile文件

export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
umask 022

三：安装数据库软件

1)修改配置安装模板文件(db_install.rsp)

[root@localhost ~]# cd /u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/

[root@localhost database]# vi response/db_install.rsp

db_install.rsp 详解：blog.csdn.net/iw1210/article/details/38703071

2)安装数据库软件

切换到oracle用户

[root@localhost database]# su – oracle

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/

安装数据库软件(这里演示正常安装情况；我安装时出现两个错误，参照附1、附2)

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller-ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile/u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/response/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than120 MB. Actual 26709 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than150 MB. Actual 7999 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle UniversalInstaller from /tmp/OraInstall2015-11-18_08-28-38AM. Please wait...[oracle@localhost database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory islocated in the Oracle base.

CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.

ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a locationoutside the Oracle base directory.

You can find the log of this installsession at:

/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-18_08-28-38AM.log

The installation of Oracle Database 11g wassuccessful.

Please check'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-11-18_08-28-38AM.log' formore details.

As a root user, execute the followingscript(s):

1. /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

2./u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

上述红字注解：

安装时间有点长，可以打开另一个终端，执行
#tail -100 f /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-18_08-28-38AM.log
跟踪查看安装日志，了解安装的进度。

安装最后要求，以root用户执行脚本：

[root@localhost ~]#/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@localhost ~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

检查一下数据库软件

[oracle@localhost database]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production onWed Nov 18 08:36:00 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.

四：安装数据库

1)修改配置安装模板文件(dbca.rsp)

[root@localhost ~]# cd /u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/

[root@localhost database]# vi response/dbca.rsp

以下是几个重要的参数：

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION ="11.2.0" --不能更改
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
GDBNAME = "orcl" --全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名
SID = "orcl"    --对应的实例名字
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" --建库用的模板文件
SYSPASSWORD = "system"   --SYS管理员密码
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "system" --SYSTEM管理员密码
DATAFILEDESTINATION = /u01/app/oracle/oradata --数据文件存放目录
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata_backup --恢复数据存放目录
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"   --字符集
TOTALMEMORY ="1200"    --oracle内存1200MB

2)安装数据库

[oracle@localhost database]$   dbca -silent -responseFile /u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/response/dbca.rsp

Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file"/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

检查数据库

[oracle@localhost database]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

oracle   7901     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl
oracle   7903     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle   7905     1  1 09:04 ?        00:00:01 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle   7909     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle   7911     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle   7913     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle   7915     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle   7917     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle   7919     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle   7921     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle   7923     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl
oracle   7925     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle   7927     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle   7929     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle   7931     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle   7933     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle   7935     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle   7943     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle   7961     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle   7963     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle   7965     1  0 09:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl

五：配置监听

1)配置监听：netca.rsp

[oracle@localhost database]$ netca -silent -responsefile /u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/response/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
   Parameter "silent" = true
   Parameter "responsefile" =/u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
   Running Listener Control:
     /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
   Listener Control complete.
   Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configurationsuccessful. The exit code is 0

2)查看监听状态

[oracle@localhost database]$ lsnrctl status

 
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 -Production on 18-NOV-2015 09:09:42

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                18-NOV-2015 09:08:58
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 44 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File        /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
 Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for thisservice...
Service "orclXDB" has 1instance(s).
 Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for thisservice...
The command completed successfully

附1(Email Address NotSpecified)

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than120 MB. Actual 26709 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than150 MB. Actual 7999 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle UniversalInstaller from /tmp/OraInstall2015-11-17_10-18-38PM. Please wait ...$ [oracle@localhostdatabase] - Email Address Not Specified

解决方案：

在安装模板中将 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES 参数的值改为true，即：
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true // 参见上述的安装模板文件db_install.rsp

附2

[FATAL] [INS-13013] Target environment donot meet some mandatory requirements.

CAUSE: Some of the mandatory prerequisites are not met. See logs fordetails. /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-17_10-28-38PM.log

ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from thelog: /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-17_10-28-38PM.log.Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriateconfiguration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.

解决方案：

在安装命令中加入选项 -ignorePrereq 可以解决

在命令行中加入 -ignorePrereq 选项，再执行：
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile /u01/setup/oracleSetup/database/response/db_install.rsp