Android移动开发-在Android项目里集成开源框架ZXing实现扫描二维码的功能

二维码又称QR Code，QR全称Quick Response，是一个近几年来移动设备上超流行的一种编码方式，它比传统的Bar Code条形码能存更多的信息，也能表示更多的数据类型。
二维条码/二维码（2-dimensional bar code）是用某种特定的几何图形按一定规律在平面（二维方向上）分布的黑白相间的图形记录数据符号信息的；在代码编制上巧妙地利用构成计算机内部逻辑基础的“0”、“1”比特流的概念，使用若干个与二进制相对应的几何形体来表示文字数值信息，通过图象输入设备或光电扫描设备自动识读以实现信息自动处理：它具有条码技术的一些共性：每种码制有其特定的字符集；每个字符占有一定的宽度；具有一定的校验功能等。同时还具有对不同行的信息自动识别功能、及处理图形旋转变化点。
那么在Android项目里集成Google开源框架ZXing实现扫描二维码的功能呢？

• 在集成二维码之前，我们先看一下国内比较主流用到的二维码的手机应用的二维码界面（以下截图分别是支付宝、微信、摩拜单车、ofo单车）

• 首先下载或直接引入zxing开源项目，项目的github地址：https://github.com/zxing/zxing/tree/zxing-3.2.1

• 导入开发资源的jar包并引入

• 在AndroidManifest.xml文件里配置Manifest里的权限声明

<!-- 拍照 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
    <!-- 震动 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />

• 在AndroidManifest.xml文件里面添加声明：

<activity android:name=".FindScanActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".ScanResultActivity"/>
    </application>

• 把ZXing相应的项目文件导入

• 在res目录下新建raw目录，并把扫描识别时的震动声音文件beep.ogg导入

-开始扫描时的界面， layout/layout/activity_find_scan.xml界面布局代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <SurfaceView
        android:id="@+id/sv_scan"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="center" />

    <com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest.zxing.view.ViewfinderView
        android:id="@+id/vv_finder"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:background="@drawable/bg_alpha"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="扫描二维码/条形码"
        android:textColor="#ffffffff"
        android:textSize="20sp" />

</RelativeLayout>

• 开始扫描时FindScanActivity.java逻辑代码如下：

package com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.res.AssetFileDescriptor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.media.AudioManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Vibrator;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest.zxing.camera.CameraManager;
import com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest.zxing.decoding.CaptureActivityHandler;
import com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest.zxing.decoding.InactivityTimer;
import com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest.zxing.view.ViewfinderView;
import com.google.zxing.Result;

public class FindScanActivity extends Activity implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
    private final static String TAG = "FindScanActivity";
    private CaptureActivityHandler mHandler;
    private ViewfinderView vv_finder;
    private boolean hasSurface = false;
    private InactivityTimer mTimer;
    private MediaPlayer mPlayer;
    private boolean bBeep;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_find_scan);
        // 获取相机的动态权限
        cameraPermissions();
        CameraManager.init(getApplication(), CameraManager.QR_CODE);
        vv_finder = (ViewfinderView) findViewById(R.id.vv_finder);
        mTimer = new InactivityTimer(this);
    }

    // 定义获取相机的动态权限
    private void cameraPermissions() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                    android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 重写onRequestPermissionsResult方法
     * 获取动态权限请求的结果,再开启相机扫码
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        if (requestCode == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            CameraManager.init(getApplication(), CameraManager.QR_CODE);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "用户拒绝了权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        SurfaceView sv_scan = (SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.sv_scan);
        SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder = sv_scan.getHolder();
        if (hasSurface) {
            initCamera(surfaceHolder);
        } else {
            surfaceHolder.addCallback(this);
        }
        bBeep = true;
        AudioManager audioService = (AudioManager) getSystemService(AUDIO_SERVICE);
        if (audioService.getRingerMode() != AudioManager.RINGER_MODE_NORMAL) {
            bBeep = false;
        }
        initBeepSound();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        if (mHandler != null) {
            mHandler.quitSynchronously();
            mHandler = null;
        }
        CameraManager.get().closeDriver();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        mTimer.shutdown();
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    public void handleDecode(Result result, Bitmap barcode) {
        mTimer.onActivity();
        beepAndVibrate();
        String resultString = result.getText();
        if (resultString == null || resultString.length() <= 0) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "Scan failed or result is null", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } else {
            String desc = String.format("barcode width=%d,height=%d",
                    barcode.getWidth(), barcode.getHeight());
//            Toast.makeText(this, desc, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            Intent intent = new Intent(this, ScanResultActivity.class);
            intent.putExtra("result", resultString);
            startActivity(intent);
        }
    }

    private void initCamera(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) {
        try {
            CameraManager.get().openDriver(surfaceHolder);
            if (mHandler == null) {
                mHandler = new CaptureActivityHandler(this, null, null);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        if (!hasSurface) {
            hasSurface = true;
            initCamera(holder);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        hasSurface = false;
    }

    public ViewfinderView getViewfinderView() {
        return vv_finder;
    }

    public Handler getHandler() {
        return mHandler;
    }

    public void drawViewfinder() {
        vv_finder.drawViewfinder();
    }

    private void initBeepSound() {
        if (bBeep && mPlayer == null) {
            setVolumeControlStream(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
            mPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
            mPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
            mPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(beepListener);
            AssetFileDescriptor file = getResources().openRawResourceFd(R.raw.beep);
            try {
                mPlayer.setDataSource(file.getFileDescriptor(),
                        file.getStartOffset(), file.getLength());
                file.close();
                mPlayer.setVolume(0.1f, 0.1f);
                mPlayer.prepare();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                mPlayer = null;
            }
        }
    }

    private static final long VIBRATE_DURATION = 200L;

    private void beepAndVibrate() {
        if (bBeep && mPlayer != null) {
            mPlayer.start();
        }
        Vibrator vibrator = (Vibrator) getSystemService(VIBRATOR_SERVICE);
        vibrator.vibrate(VIBRATE_DURATION);
    }

    private final OnCompletionListener beepListener = new OnCompletionListener() {
        public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mPlayer) {
            mPlayer.seekTo(0);
        }
    };

}

• 扫描识别结果返回的界面， layout/layout/activity_scan_result.xml界面布局代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="10dp">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_result"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="@color/black"
        android:textSize="17sp" />

</LinearLayout>

• 扫描识别结果返回的ScanResultActivity.java逻辑代码如下：

package com.fukaimei.scanqrcodetest;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ScanResultActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_scan_result);
        TextView tv_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_result);
        String result = getIntent().getStringExtra("result");
        tv_result.setText("扫码结果为：" + result);
    }

}

• Demo程序运行效果界面截图如下：

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Demo程序源码下载地址一（GitHub）
Demo程序源码下载地址二（Gitee）