Given a binary tree, find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the tree.
According to the definition of LCA on Wikipedia: “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”
_______3______ / \ ___5__ ___1__ / \ / \ 6 _2 0 8 / \ 7 4
For example, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of nodes 5
and 1
is 3
. Another example is LCA of nodes 5
and 4
is 5
, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
题意:之前一题的树是二叉查找树,而本题的树就是一棵普通的二叉树。给定两个节点,判断这两个节点的相同的父节点。父节点也有可能是两个节点其中之一。这一题,感觉用递归方法解题更简单。
解题思路:先遍历左子树,返回匹配的点,没有返回null。后遍历右子树,返回匹配的点,没有返回null。如果left和right都不为null,则根节点是它们的共同节点。如果left为空,则两个节点都在右子树,返回right。如果right为空,则两个节点都在左子树,返回left.
public TreeNode lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode root, TreeNode p, TreeNode q) { if(root==null)return null; if(root==p||root==q)return root; TreeNode left=lowestCommonAncestor(root.left,p,q); TreeNode right=lowestCommonAncestor(root.right,p,q); if(left!=null&&right!=null)return root; return left!=null?left:right; }