开始进入工业自动化,买的工控机带有GPIO接口,可用于直接控制继电器。 从厂家拿到接口手册一看,居然是汇编直接操作端口,基本上是IN/OUT指令了。接口很简单,计算位移,读取;计算位移,写入。 这种接口,常见有四种办法,分别是四种语言实现,一是直接写ASM,不过要公开给C#做的应用程序调用,很不容易,另外三种是C/C++/Delphi嵌入汇编,倒是问题不大。 接口实在是小,不想大动干戈,所以想了别的办法。 第五种,用C++/CLI,这也是一个不错的主意。但是我甚至想省掉这个接口DLL,于是有了第六种办法:C#嵌入x86汇编。
C#是没办法像C/C++/Delphi那样直接嵌入x86汇编的,所以需要做点手脚。 在汇编里面,我们为了修改一个软件经常找一块空白区域来写汇编代码,然后Jmp过去执行。(不明白这一句话的可以跳过,或者去看雪论坛) 但是显然要在C#代码里面这么做很不现实,即使用C/C++编译得到obj,C#也没办法链接这个obj。(这个涉及编译的也可以跳过) 回头一想(其实不是现在想,07年就做过C#嵌入汇编),其实C#也跑在x86上,IL指令最终还是要编译成x86汇编指令的,我们应该可以这些写汇编指令,所需要的只是一块空间而已。 我们可以申请一块非托管空间嘛,于是有: // 分配内存
有了空间,我们就可以把二进制的汇编指令给写进去啦: // 写入汇编指令
然后呢?.Net提供一个途径,让我们可以把一个内存指针转为一个委托(一直都说.Net的委托其实就是C/C++的函数指针哈): // 转为委托
那么,剩下的问题,就是如何把汇编转为二进制了! 这个我们是不能像C/C++/Delphi那样直接写汇编指令的,所以得走点弯路。 我的做法是用OD随便打开一个程序,在上面直接写汇编代码,然后把汇编的十六进制复制出来,放到C#代码中。 剩下的就不多说了,直接上代码吧!
using
System;
using
System.Collections.Generic;
using
System.Text;
using
System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using
System.Diagnostics;
using
System.IO;
namespace
ConsoleApplication19
{
class
GPIO
{
#region 属性
private
Int32 _Offset;
/// <summary>选择位移</summary>
public
Int32 Offset { get
{ return
_Offset; } set
{ _Offset = value; } }
private
Int32 _Bit;
/// <summary>选择位</summary>
public
Int32 Bit { get
{ return
_Bit; } set
{ _Bit = value; } }
#endregion
#region 构造
private
GPIO(Int32 offset, Int32 bit)
{
Offset = offset;
Bit = bit;
}
private
GPIO(Int32 gpio)
{
Offset = gpio / 16;
Bit = gpio % 16;
}
#endregion
#region 预定义针脚
public
static
GPIO Pin2 = new
GPIO(0, 6);
public
static
GPIO Pin3 = new
GPIO(0, 7);
public
static
GPIO Pin4 = new
GPIO(2, 1);
public
static
GPIO Pin5 = new
GPIO(2, 4);
public
static
GPIO Pin6 = new
GPIO(1, 0);
public
static
GPIO Pin7 = new
GPIO(1, 4);
public
static
GPIO Pin8 = new
GPIO(3, 3);
public
static
GPIO Pin9 = new
GPIO(3, 4);
public
static
GPIO IO6 = new
GPIO(6);
public
static
GPIO IO7 = new
GPIO(7);
public
static
GPIO IO17 = new
GPIO(17);
public
static
GPIO IO20 = new
GPIO(20);
public
static
GPIO IO8 = new
GPIO(8);
public
static
GPIO IO12 = new
GPIO(12);
public
static
GPIO IO27 = new
GPIO(27);
public
static
GPIO IO28 = new
GPIO(28);
#endregion
#region 业务
/// <summary>是否启用</summary>
public
Boolean Enable { get
{ return
Read(Offset, Bit); } set
{ WriteBit(Offset, Bit, value); } }
/// <summary>是否输出</summary>
public
Boolean Output { get
{ return
Read(Offset + 4, Bit); } set
{ WriteBit(Offset + 4, Bit, value); } }
/// <summary>是否设置数据位</summary>
public
Boolean Data { get
{ return
Read(Offset + 12, Bit); } set
{ WriteBit(Offset + 12, Bit, value); } }
#endregion
#region 读取端口
const
Int16 BASEADDRESS = 0x500;
Boolean Read(Int32 offset, Int32 bit)
{
var d = ReadHandler((Int16)(BASEADDRESS + offset));
var c = (Byte)~(1 << bit);
d &= c;
return
d == c;
}
private
static
ReadFunc _ReadHandler;
/// <summary>属性说明</summary>
public
static
ReadFunc ReadHandler { get
{ return
_ReadHandler ?? (_ReadHandler = GetReadHandler()); } }
//static IntPtr ptr;
static
ReadFunc GetReadHandler()
{
// 汇编指令
var code = new
Byte[] {
0x66, 0x8B, 0x55, 0x08, //mov dx, word ptr [ebp+8]
0xEC, //in al, dx
};
return
(ReadFunc)InjectASM<ReadFunc>(code);
}
public
delegate
Byte ReadFunc(Int16 address);
#endregion
#region 写入端口
void
Write(Int32 offset, Int32 value)
{
WriteHandler((Int16)(BASEADDRESS + offset), (Byte)value);
}
private
static
WriteFunc _WriteHandler;
/// <summary>属性说明</summary>
public
static
WriteFunc WriteHandler { get
{ return
_WriteHandler ?? (_WriteHandler = GetWriteHandler()); } }
static
WriteFunc GetWriteHandler()
{
// 汇编指令
var code = new
Byte[] {
0x66, 0x8B, 0x55, 0x08, //mov dx, word ptr [ebp+8]
0x8A, 0x45, 0x0C, //mov al, byte ptr [ebp+C]
0xEE //out dx, al
};
return
InjectASM<WriteFunc>(code);
}
public
delegate
void
WriteFunc(Int16 address, Byte bit);
#endregion
#region 写入端口位
void
WriteBit(Int32 offset, Int32 bit, Boolean value)
{
if
(value)
SetBitHandler((Int16)(BASEADDRESS + offset), (Byte)bit);
else
ClearBitHandler((Int16)(BASEADDRESS + offset), (Byte)bit);
}
private
static
WriteBitFunc _SetBitHandler;
/// <summary>设置位</summary>
public
static
WriteBitFunc SetBitHandler { get
{ return
_SetBitHandler ?? (_SetBitHandler = GetSetBitHandler()); } }
private
static
WriteBitFunc _ClearBitHandler;
/// <summary>清除位</summary>
public
static
WriteBitFunc ClearBitHandler { get
{ return
_ClearBitHandler ?? (_ClearBitHandler = GetClearBitHandler()); } }
static
WriteBitFunc GetSetBitHandler()
{
// 汇编指令
var code = new
Byte[] {
0x53, //push ebx
0x51, //push ecx
0x66, 0x8B, 0x55, 0x08, //mov dx, word ptr [ebp+8]
0x8A, 0x45, 0x0C, //mov al, byte ptr [ebp+C]
0xB3, 0x01, //mov bl, 1
0xD2, 0xE3, //shl bl, cl
0xEC, //in al, dx
0x08, 0xD8, //or al, bl
0xEE, //out dx, al
0x59, //pop ecx
0x5B //pop ebx
};
return
InjectASM<WriteBitFunc>(code);
}
static
WriteBitFunc GetClearBitHandler()
{
// 读出字节,取消指定位后重新写回去
var code = new
Byte[] {
0x53, //push ebx
0x51, //push ecx
0x66, 0x8B, 0x55, 0x08, //mov dx, word ptr [ebp+8]
0x8A, 0x45, 0x0C, //mov al, byte ptr [ebp+C]
0xB3, 0x01, //mov bl, 1
0xD2, 0xE3, //shl bl, cl
0xF6, 0xD3, //not bl
0xEC, //in al, dx
0x20, 0xD8, //and al, bl
0xEE, //out dx, al
0x59, //pop ecx
0x5B, //pop ebx
};
return
InjectASM<WriteBitFunc>(code);
}
public
delegate
void
WriteBitFunc(Int16 address, Byte bit);
#endregion
#region 注入汇编
static
T InjectASM<T>(Byte[] code)
{
// 汇编指令
var code1 = new
Byte[] {
0x55, //push ebp
0x8B, 0xEC, //mov ebp, esp
0x52, //push edx
};
var code2 = new
Byte[] {
0x5A, //pop edx
0x8B, 0xE5, //mov esp, ebp
0x5D, //pop ebp
0xC3 //ret
};
//var cbs = new Byte[code1.Length + code.Length + code2.Length];
var ms = new
MemoryStream();
ms.Write(code1, 0, code1.Length);
ms.Write(code, 0, code.Length);
ms.Write(code2, 0, code2.Length);
code = ms.ToArray();
// 分配内存
var ptr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(code.Length);
// 写入汇编指令
Marshal.Copy(code, 0, ptr, code.Length);
// 设为可执行
VirtualProtectExecute(ptr, code.Length);
Console.WriteLine( "0x{0:X8}" , ptr.ToInt32());
Console.ReadKey( true );
// 转为委托
return
(T)(Object)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(ptr, typeof (T));
}
#endregion
#region 辅助
//[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
//static extern int VirtualQueryEx(int hProcess, ref object lpAddress, ref MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION lpBuffer, int dwLength);
[DllImport( "kernel32.dll" , SetLastError = true )]
static
extern
int
VirtualProtectEx(IntPtr hProcess, IntPtr lpAddress, int
dwSize, int
flNewProtect, ref
int
lpflOldProtect);
static
Boolean VirtualProtectExecute(IntPtr address, Int32 size)
{
const
Int32 PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40;
Int32 old = 0;
return
VirtualProtectEx(Process.GetCurrentProcess().Handle, address, size, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, ref
old) == 0;
}
#endregion
}
}
这里有个旧版本:http://bbs.53wb.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=137 |
C#嵌入x86汇编——一个GPIO接口的实现
最新推荐文章于 2024-03-17 18:42:00 发布