Activity和Fragment的几种交互方式（Activity可以改变Fragment的UI,Fragment也可以改变ActivityUI）

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-27 17:08:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-27 17:08:10 发布

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在工作中我们经常会遇到Activity和Fragment交互。具体为什么要用Fragment，相信大家都懂的，可以使UI更灵活，还可以把不同模块独立化，降低耦合度。Activity和Fragment之间传值还是比较常见，但是要互相改变彼此UI还是有一定技巧的。下面根据自己工作经验，详细总结一下Activity和Fragment的几种交互方式。

一、getActivity()、new Fragment()方式（ 这种方法比较经典，简单实用）

下面是Activity代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {

	private TextView show_change_text;
	private Button change_fragment_bt;
    private HomeFragment homeFragment;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		homeFragment=new HomeFragment();
		getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
				.replace(R.id.fragment_content,homeFragment ).commit();
		change_fragment_bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.change_fragment_bt);
		show_change_text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show_change_text);
		change_fragment_bt.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				homeFragment.changeText();
			}
		});
	}
	public void changeText(){
		show_change_text.setText("I am UI of activity,and I have changed");
	}

	public void onAttachFragment(Fragment fragment) {
		super.onAttachFragment(fragment);
	}

}</span>

下面是Fragment代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
	private TextView show_change_text;
	private Button change_activity_bt;
	

	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);

		View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.home_fragment, null);
		change_activity_bt = (Button) view
				.findViewById(R.id.change_activity_bt);
		show_change_text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.show_change_text);
		change_activity_bt.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				((MainActivity) getActivity()).changeText();
			}
		});

		return view;
	}
	public void changeText(){
		show_change_text.setText("I am UI of fragment,and I have changed");
	}

	public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
		super.onAttach(activity);
	}
}</span>

getActivity()、new Fragment()方式源码下载地址.........................

二、Handler方式

传递数据是比较容易实现，但是要用到Activity和Fragment之间互相改变彼此的UI，网上关于这个问题的解决方法还是很少的，我也没遇到合适的解决方案，自己在前人的基础上研究后创造了一种方法。使Activity和Fragment共享一个Handler，然后发送消息通知彼此更新。别的也不多说了，例子代码如下，

这是Activity的代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-size:14px;color:#333333;">public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnClickListener {
private Handler mHandler;
private long lastPressBack;
private boolean isFirstPressBack = true;
private Button change_fragment_bt;
private TextView show_change_text;
private HomeFragment homeFragment;

Handler handler = new Handler() {
	@Override
	public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
		switch (msg.what) {
		case 0:
			show_change_text.setText("I am UI of activity,and I have changed");
			break;
		}
	}
};
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        change_fragment_bt=(Button)findViewById(R.id.change_fragment_bt);
        show_change_text=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.show_change_text);
        change_fragment_bt.setOnClickListener(this);
        
        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
		.replace(R.id.fragment_content, new HomeFragment())
		.commit();
    }
    public void onAttachFragment(Fragment fragment) {
		super.onAttachFragment(fragment);
		homeFragment=(HomeFragment) fragment;
		homeFragment.setHandler(handler) ;
	}

    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
		super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
		//点击和Fragment交互，改变Fragment的UI
		if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK && event.getRepeatCount() == 0) {
			if(HomeFragment.changeText){
			Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
				msg.what =0;
				mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
				HomeFragment.changeText=false;
				return false;
			}
			if (!isFirstPressBack) {
				if (System.currentTimeMillis() - lastPressBack > 2 * 1000) {
					lastPressBack = System.currentTimeMillis();
				} else {
					finish();
				}
			}
			lastPressBack = System.currentTimeMillis();
			Toast.makeText(this,getString(R.string.exit_app),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			isFirstPressBack = false;
				return false;
			}
		return false;
		}
    public void setHandler(Handler handler) {
		mHandler = handler;
	}
	@Override
	public void onClick(View arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//点击和Fragment交互，改变Fragment的UI
		Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
		msg.what =0;
		mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
		HomeFragment.changeText=false;
	}
}
</span></span>

这是Fragment的代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class HomeFragment extends Fragment implements OnClickListener{
	private TextView show_change_text;
	private Button change_activity_bt;
	private MainActivity mActivity;
	public static boolean changeText=true;
	Handler handler = new Handler() {
		@Override
		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
			switch (msg.what) {
			case 0:
				show_change_text.setText("I am UI of fragment,and I have changed");
				break;
			}
		}
	};
	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);

		View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.home_fragment, null);
		show_change_text=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.show_change_text);
		change_activity_bt=(Button)view.findViewById(R.id.change_activity_bt);
		change_activity_bt.setOnClickListener(this);
		return view;
	}
	public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
		super.onAttach(activity);
		mActivity = (MainActivity) activity;
		mActivity.setHandler(handler);
	}
	
	 public void setHandler(Handler handler) {
			this.handler = handler;
		}
	
	public void onDestroy(){
		super.onDestroy();
		changeText=true;
	}
	@Override
	public void onClick(View arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		//点击和Activity交互，改变ActivityUI
		Message msg = handler.obtainMessage();
		msg.what =0;
		handler.sendMessage(msg);
	}
}
</span>

Handler方式源码下载地址....................

三、接口回调方式（这个尽量不要用，因为会创建static对象，而static对象不会被回收，很占内存）

接口真是个好东西，条件是两个类，一个接口，两个类之间交互。任何两个类之间交互都可以用接口回调，针对接口编程能降低两个类之间的耦合度。

下面是Activity的代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-size:14px;color:#333333;">public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnActivityChangeListener{

	private TextView show_change_text;
	private Button change_fragment_bt;
	public static OnFragmentChangeListener onFragmentChangeListener;
	public static void setOnFragmentChangeListener(
			OnFragmentChangeListener onFragmentChangeListener) {
		MainActivity.onFragmentChangeListener = onFragmentChangeListener;
	}
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
				.replace(R.id.fragment_content, new HomeFragment()).commit();
		change_fragment_bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.change_fragment_bt);
		show_change_text = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show_change_text);
		// new HomeFragment().setOnActivityChangeListener(this);
		// 这样set是不行的，因为这样又重新创造了一个HomeFragment,和原来初始化的那个不是一个，回报空指针，因为HomeFragment的listener没有被set
		//所以应该这样  HomeFragment.setOnActivityChangeListener(this);
		change_fragment_bt.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				//在这里执行接口方法
				onFragmentChangeListener.onFragmentChange();
			}
		});
	}

	public void onAttachFragment(Fragment fragment) {
		super.onAttachFragment(fragment);
		// 除了这种方式传递子类对象，还可以在Fragment中
		// setOnFragmentChangeListener,可以去那里面看一下，我已经注释过
		onFragmentChangeListener = (OnFragmentChangeListener) fragment;
	}

	@Override
	public void onActivityChange() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		// 在子类中实现接口的方法
		show_change_text.setText("I am UI of activity,and I have changed");
	}

}</span></span>

显示Fragment的代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-size:14px;color:#333333;">public class HomeFragment extends Fragment implements OnFragmentChangeListener {
	private TextView show_change_text;
	private Button change_activity_bt;
	public static OnActivityChangeListener onActivityChangeListener;
	public void setOnActivityChangeListener(OnActivityChangeListener onActivityChangeListener){
		HomeFragment.onActivityChangeListener=onActivityChangeListener;
	}

	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);

		View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.home_fragment, null);
		change_activity_bt = (Button) view
				.findViewById(R.id.change_activity_bt);
		show_change_text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.show_change_text);
		// new MainActivity().setOnFragmentChangeListener(this);
		// 这样set是不行的，因为这样又重新创造了一个MainActivity,和原来初始化的那个不是一个，回报空指针，因为activity的listener没有被set
		//所以应该这样  MainActivity.setOnFragmentChangeListener(this);
		change_activity_bt.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				//在这里执行接口方法
				onActivityChangeListener.onActivityChange();
			}
		});

		return view;
	}

	public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
		super.onAttach(activity);
		// 除了这种方式传递子类对象，还可以在Activity中
				// setOnActivityChangeListener,可以去那里面看一下，我已经注释过
		onActivityChangeListener=(OnActivityChangeListener) activity;
	}

	@Override
	public void onFragmentChange() {
		// 在子类中实现接口的方法
		show_change_text.setText("I am UI of fragment,and I have changed");
	}
}
</span></span>

Interface方式代码下载地址.....................

四、使用startActivityForResult（Fragment和Activity、两个Activity之间交互都行）

下面是Fragment的代码

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
	private TextView fragment_text;
	private Button change_activity_bt;

	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);

		View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.home_fragment, null);
		change_activity_bt = (Button) view
				.findViewById(R.id.change_activity_bt);
		fragment_text = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fragment_text);

		change_activity_bt.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), SecondActivity.class);
				startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
			}
		});
		return view;
	}

	public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
		if (intent == null)
			return;
		String change01 = intent.getStringExtra("change01");
		// 根据上面发送过去的请求吗来区别
		switch (requestCode) {
		case 0:
			fragment_text.setText(change01);
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}</span>

下面是SecondActivity代码

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class SecondActivity extends FragmentActivity {

	private Button change_fragment_bt;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.second_activity);
		change_fragment_bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.change_fragment_bt);
		change_fragment_bt.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Intent mIntent = new Intent();
				mIntent.putExtra("change01", "Change HomeFragment By SecondActivity");
				mIntent.putExtra("change02", "Change MainActivity By SecondActivity");
				// 设置结果，并进行传送
				setResult(0, mIntent);
				finish();
			}
		});
	}
}</span>

stratActivityForResult方式源码，点击下载......

五、万能的BroadCastReceiver（Fragment和Activity、两个Activity之间交互都行）

虽然广播比较万能，但是它是由系统决定，且有优先级，可能会造成延迟。

下面是MainActivity 代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class MainActivity extends Activity {  
  
    TextView textView;  
    Button sButton;  
  
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);  
        sButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startAnother);  
        sButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {  
              
            @Override  
            public void onClick(View v) {  
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,AnotherActivity.class));  
            }  
        });  
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(AnotherActivity.action);  
        registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, filter);  
    }  
  
    BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {  
  
        @Override  
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {  
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
            textView.setText(intent.getExtras().getString("data"));  
        }  
    };  
  
    protected void onDestroy() {  
        unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver);  
    };  
} </span>

下面是AnotherActivity代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;">public class AnotherActivity extends Activity {  
  
    public static final String action = "jason.broadcast.action";  
  
    Button update;  
  
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.another);  
        update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.updateMain);  
        update.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {  
  
            @Override  
            public void onClick(View v) {  
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
                Intent intent = new Intent(action);  
                intent.putExtra("data", "yes i am data");  
                sendBroadcast(intent);  
                finish();  
            }  
        });  
    }  
}  </span>

 
 六、可以使用第三方框架EventBus，可参考：http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/40794879 

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Activity和Fragment的几种交互方式（Activity可以改变Fragment的UI,Fragment也可以改变ActivityUI）

Activity和Fragment的四种交互方式（Activity可以改变Fragment的UI,Fragment也可以改变ActivityUI）
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