在说如何安装前我必须强调的几件事:
(1)使用源码编译安装过程中会遇到很多错误,而且90%是缺少依赖包的错,本文尽可能详细记录,但是无法考虑到所有情况,所以如果你在安装的过程中遇到错误时,一个最有效的方法就是复制这个错误提示,然后百度。
(2)如果某个错误难以解决,可以换个软件版本安装试试。
一.必备资源
1.centos6.5
2.php-7.0.4
3.apache-2.2.31
4.mysql-5.6.29
执行命令安装必备的依赖包
yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel libtool libtool-ltdllibtool-ltdl-devel bison ncurses-devel
二、安装依赖包
首先通过百度搜索的方式下载如下所需的依赖包,尽量到官网上下载,版本可以不一致。
1.编译安装libxml2
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf libxml2-2.6.30.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd libxml2-2.6.30
[root@localhostlibxml2-2.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
[root@localhostlibxml2-2.6.30]# make
[root@localhostlibxml2-2.6.30]# make install
2.编译安装libmcrypt
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
[root@localhostlibmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
[root@localhostlibmcrypt-2.5.8]# make
[root@localhostlibmcrypt-2.5.8]# make instal
3.编译安装zlib
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd zlib-1.2.3
[root@localhostzlib-1.2.3]# CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib/
(用64位元的方法进行编译)
[root@localhostzlib-1.2.3]# make
[root@localhostzlib-1.2.3]# make install
4.编译安装libpng
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf libpng-1.2.31.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd libpng-1.2.31
[root@localhostlibpng-1.2.31]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng \
>--enable-shared (建立共享库使用的GNU的libtool)
[root@localhostlibpng-1.2.31]# make
[root@localhostlibpng-1.2.31]# make install
5.编译安装jpeg
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd jpeg-6b
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg (创建jpeg软件的安装目录)
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/bin (创建存放命令的目录)
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib (创建jpeg库文件所在目录)
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/include (创建存放头文件目录)
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1 (建立存放手册的目录)
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg \
>--enable-shared \ (建立共享库使用的GUN的libtool)
>--enable-static (建立静态库使用的GUN的libtool)
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# make
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# make install
执行make时如果出现如下错误:
./libtool --mode=compile gcc-O2 -I. -c ./jcapimin.c
make: ./libtool: Command notfound
make: *** [jcapimin.lo] Error 127
解决方法:
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# find / -name config.sub
/usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# find / -name config.guess
/usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# cp -vRp /usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub .
[root@localhostjpeg-6b]# cp -vRp /usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess .
也就是把libtool里面的两个配置文件拿来覆盖掉jpeg-6b目录下的对应文件make clean 再重新configure
6.编译安装freetype
二.安装apache
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd freetype-2.3.5
[root@localhostfreetype-2.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype \
>--enable-shared (建立共享库使用的GUN的libtool)
[root@localhostfreetype-2.3.5]# make
[root@localhostfreetype-2.3.5]# make install
7.编译安装autoconf
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf autoconf-2.61.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd autoconf-2.61
[root@localhostautoconf-2.61]# ./configure
[root@localhostautoconf-2.61]# make
[root@localhostautoconf-2.61]# make install
8.编译安装GD[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd gd-2.0.35
[root@localhostgd-2.0.35]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd \
>--with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib/ \ (指定zlib库文件的位置)
>--with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg/ \ (指定jpeg库文件的位置)
>--with-png=/usr/local/libpng/ \ (指定png库文件的位置)
>--with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype/ (指定freetype字体库的位置)
[root@localhostgd-2.0.35]# make
[root@localhostgd-2.0.35]# make install
执行make时如果出现如下错误:
make[2]: *** [gd_png.lo] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory`/usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35'
make[1]: *** [all-recursive]Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory`/usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35'
make: *** [all] Error 2
解决方法:
[root@localhostgd-2.0.35]# find / -name gd_png.c
/usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35/gd_png.c
[root@localhostgd-2.0.35]# find / -name png.h
/usr/local/libpng/include/png.h
[root@localhostgd-2.0.35]# vi /usr/src/linux/gd-2.0.35/gd_png.c
将#include "png.h"
改为#include "/usr/local/libpng/include/png.h"
9安装libiconv
[root@usr libiconv-1.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
[root@usr libiconv-1.14]# make && make install
1.解压并安装[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd httpd-2.2.9
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
> --enable-so \ (以动态共享对象编译)
>--enable-rewrite (基于规则的URL操控)
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# make
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# make install
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.9.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd httpd-2.2.9
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
> --enable-so \ (以动态共享对象编译)
>--enable-rewrite (基于规则的URL操控)
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# make
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# make install
将apache加入开机启动
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# cp -vRp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
添加apache服务
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# chkconfig --level 2345 httpd on
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# service httpd start
也可通过apache安装目录下的apachectl文件无需配置直接启动apache
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
启动服务时,如果出现如下错误:
httpd: Could not reliablydetermine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomainfor ServerName
解决方法:
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
添加上:ServerName localhost:80
执行chkconfig时,如果出现如下错误:
service httpd does not supportchkconfig
解决方法:
[root@localhosthttpd-2.2.9]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
在文件第二行加入
#chkconfig:2345 10 90
#description:Activates/DeactivatesApache Web Server
保存后再执行chkconfig
2.启动apache
/usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl start|stop|restart
start、stop、restart分别代表开启、关闭、重启
此时在地址栏里输入你本机的ip地址即可访问到apache的欢迎页面。
二、安装mysql
先编译安装 cmake:
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd cmake-2.8.7
[root@localhostcmake-2.8.7]# ./bootstrap
[root@localhostcmake-2.8.7]# gmake
[root@localhostcmake-2.8.7]# gmake install
编译安装 MySQL5.5.20
[root@localhostcmake-2.8.7]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhostcmake-2.8.7]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@localhostlinux]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.15.tar.gz
[root@localhostlinux]# cd mysql-5.5.15
[root@localhostmysql-5.5.15]#
/usr/local/bin/cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ (安装根目录)
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ (UNIX socket文件)
>-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ (默认字符集)
>-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ (默认编码)
>-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=utf8,gbk \ (额外的编码)
>-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \(启用PERFSCHEMA引擎支持)
>-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ (启用FEDERATED引擎支持)
> -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ (启用PARTITION引擎支持)
>-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ (启用ARCHIVE引擎支持)
>-DWITH_READLINE=1 \(使用readline功能)
>-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ (数据库数据目录)
>-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 (TCP/IP端口)
[root@localhostmysql-5.5.15]# make
[root@localhostmysql-5.5.15]# make install
[root@localhostmysql-5.5.15]# cp -vRp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
修改配置文件
[root@localhostmysql-5.5.15]# vi /etc/my.cnf
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
初始化数据库文件
[root@localhostmysql-5.5.15]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \
>--defaults-flie=/etc/my.cnf \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/\
>--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \
>--pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid \
> --user=mysql
权限设置
[root@localhostmysql]# chown -R root .
[root@localhostmysql]# chown -R mysql data
[root@localhostmysql]# chgrp -R mysql
将mysql加入开机启动
[root@localhostmysql]# cp -vRp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhostmysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
添加mysql服务
[root@localhostmysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhostmysql]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
[root@localhostmysql]# service mysqld start
配置mysql
[root@localhostmysql]# bin/mysql
mysql> deletefrom mysql.user where Host!='localhost'; (只留允许本机登录的帐号)
mysql> flush privileges; (刷新授权表)
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('123456'); (设置用户密码)
mysql> exit
[root@localhostmysql]# bin/mysql -h localhost -u root -p123456 (登录mysql)
三、安装PHP
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2/ \
--with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng/ \
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg/ \
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype/ \
--with-gd \
--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt/ \
--with-config-file-path=/etc/ \
--enable-soap \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-mbstring
如果提示指定目录下找不到gd.h,就直接写--with-gd,省略掉后面的路径,系统会自动查找。
如果出现以下错误
解决办法:
make clean
make
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# make
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# make install
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# cp -vRp php.ini-development /etc/php.ini
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
添加上:
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# service httpd stop
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# service httpd start
[root@localhostphp-5.3.19]# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/phpinfo.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
打开浏览器进行访问,如果出现PHP版本界面,及安装成功。