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翻译 9.7.3. POSIX Regular Expressions

9.7.3. POSIX Regular Expressions9.7.3. POSIX正则表达式Table 9.14 lists the available operators for pattern matching using POSIX regular expressions.表9.16列出了使用POSIX正则表达式进行模式匹配的可用运算符。POSIX regular expressions provide a more powerful means for patte.

2021-01-12 11:30:37 432

翻译 9.7.2. SIMILAR TO Regular Expressions

9.7.2. SIMILAR TO Regular Expressions9.7.2.SIMILAR TO正则表达式string SIMILAR TO pattern [ESCAPE escape-character]string NOT SIMILAR TO pattern [ESCAPE escape-character]The SIMILAR TO operator returns true or false depending on whether its pattern ma.

2021-01-11 13:44:24 221

翻译 9.7.1. LIKE

9.7.1. LIKE9.7.1. LIKEstring LIKE pattern [ESCAPE escape-character]string NOT LIKE pattern [ESCAPE escape-character]The LIKE expression returns true if the string matches the supplied pattern. (As expected, theNOT LIKE expression returns...

2021-01-11 13:32:39 193

翻译 9.7. Pattern Matching

9.7. Pattern Matching9.7. 模式匹配There are three separate approaches to pattern matching provided by PostgreSQL: the traditional SQLLIKE operator, the more recent SIMILAR TO operator (added in SQL:1999), and POSIX-style regularexpressions. Aside from th..

2021-01-11 13:24:45 189

翻译 9.6. Bit String Functions and Operators

9.6. Bit String Functions and Operators9.6.位串函数和运算符本节介绍位串类型（bit和bitvarying）相关的函数和操作符。位串类型支持表9.1中的比较运算符，也支持表9.14中的运算符：对二进制字符适用的函数同样适用于位串类型，如表9.15。In addition, it is possible to cast integral values to and from typebit. Some ...

2021-01-11 11:30:32 142

翻译 9.5. Binary String Functions and Operators

9.5. Binary String Functions and Operators9.5.二进制字符串函数和运算符本节介绍了用于检查和操作bytea二进制类型的值的函数和运算符。大部分函数和运算符，在功能和语法上，与之前章节介绍的文本类型用法类似。SQL defines some string functions that use key words, rather than commas, to separate arguments.Details are in Table 9.

2021-01-11 11:14:41 131

翻译 9.4.1. format

9.4.1. format9.4.1. formatThe function format produces output formatted according to a format string, in a style similar tothe C function sprintf.函数format产生的输出根据格式字符串格式化，格式类似于C函数sprintf。format(formatstr text [, formatarg "any" [, ...] ])...

2021-01-08 23:34:03 180

翻译 9.4. String Functions and Operators

9.4. String Functions and Operators9.4.字符串函数和运算符This section describes functions and operators for examining and manipulating string values. Stringsin this context include values of the types character, character varying, and text. Unlessotherwise no..

2021-01-08 23:18:04 297

翻译 9.3. Mathematical Functions and Operators

9.3. Mathematical Functions and Operators9.3.数学函数和运算符Mathematical operators are provided for many PostgreSQL types. For types without standard mathematicalconventions (e.g., date/time types) we describe the actual behavior in subsequent sections.Pos.

2021-01-08 17:09:55 121 1

翻译 9.2. Comparison Functions and Operators

9.2. Comparison Functions and Operators9.2.比较函数和运算符The usual comparison operators are available, as shown in Table 9.1.常用的比较运算符，如表9.1所示。Note注SQL标准中，不等于为<>，!=是一个别名。在解析阶段，!=会解析为<>。!=和<>总是等效。这些比较运算符对于那些具有排序的内置数据类型均可用，包含数据..

2021-01-07 23:15:56 194

翻译 9.1. Logical Operators

9.1. Logical Operators9.1.逻辑运算符The usual logical operators are available:常用的逻辑运算符均可用：boolean AND boolean → booleanboolean OR boolean → booleanNOT boolean → booleanSQL uses a three-valued logic system with true, false, andnull, whic...

2021-01-07 22:43:33 220

翻译第九章函数及运算符

Chapter 9. Functions and Operators第九章.函数及操作符PostgreSQL为内置数据类型提供了大量函数和运算符。本章对其中大部分进行了讲解，还有些函数在其相关的章节中已出现。用户还可以定义自己的函数和运算符，如第五部分所述。psql命令\df和\do可分别用于列出所有可用的函数和运算符。本章介绍函数或类型所引用参数及返回的数据类型格式如下：repeat ( text, integer ) → text意思为函数repeat有两个...

2021-01-07 22:41:01 121

翻译 8.21. Pseudo-Types

8.21. Pseudo-Types8.21.伪类型The PostgreSQL type system contains a number of special-purpose entries that are collectively calledpseudo-types. A pseudo-type cannot be used as a column data type, but it can be used to declare afunction's argument or resu..

2021-01-07 13:37:58 249

翻译 8.20. pg_lsn Type

8.20. pg_lsn Type8.20.pg_lsn类型The pg_lsn data type can be used to store LSN (Log Sequence Number) data which is a pointer toa location in the WAL. This type is a representation of XLogRecPtr and an internal system typeof PostgreSQL.pg_lsn数据类型可用于存储L..

2021-01-07 13:31:00 326

翻译 8.19. Object Identifier Types

8.19. Object Identifier Types8.19.对象标识类型Object identifiers (OIDs) are used internally by PostgreSQL as primary keys for various system tables.OIDs are not added to user-created tables, unlessWITH OIDSis specified when the table is created,or the def...

2021-01-07 13:28:47 243 1

翻译 8.18. Domain Types

8.18. Domain Types8.18.域类型A domain is a user-defined data type that is based on another underlying type. Optionally, it can haveconstraints that restrict its valid values to a subset of what the underlying type would allow. Otherwiseit behaves like t..

2021-01-07 13:14:47 146

翻译 8.17.10. Constraints on Ranges

8.17.10. Constraints on Ranges8.17.10.范围类型上的约束While UNIQUE is a natural constraint for scalar values, it is usually unsuitable for range types. Instead,an exclusion constraint is often more appropriate (see CREATE TABLE ... CONSTRAINT ...EXCLUDE). Excl

2021-01-07 13:10:50 143

翻译 8.17.9. Indexing

8.17.9. Indexing8.17.9.索引GiST and SP-GiST indexes can be created for table columns of range types. For instance, to createa GiST index:可在范围类型上创建GiST和SP-GIST类型的索引。例如，创建GiST索引：CREATE INDEX reservation_idx ON reservation USING GIST (during);A Gi..

2021-01-07 13:02:06 104

翻译 8.17.8. Defining New Range Types

8.17.8. Defining New Range Types8.17.8.定义范围类型Users can define their own range types. The most common reason to do this is to use ranges oversubtypes not provided among the built-in range types. For example, to define a new range type ofsubtype float8..

2021-01-07 12:02:39 139

翻译 8.17.7. Discrete Range Types

8.17.7. Discrete Range Types8.17.7. 离散范围类型A discrete range is one whose element type has a well-defined “step”, such as integer or date.In these types two elements can be said to be adjacent, when there are no valid values between them.This contrasts w

2021-01-07 11:25:23 189

翻译 8.17.6. Constructing Ranges

8.17.6. Constructing Ranges8.17.6.范围构造Each range type has a constructor function with the same name as the range type. Using the constructorfunction is frequently more convenient than writing a range literal constant, since it avoids the needfor extr..

2021-01-07 11:08:34 119

翻译 8.17.5. Range Input/Output

8.17.5. Range Input/Output8.17.5.范围输入/输出The input for a range value must follow one of the following patterns:范围值的输入必须符合以下几种方法：(lower-bound,upper-bound)(lower-bound,upper-bound][lower-bound,upper-bound)[lower-bound,upper-bound]empty.

2021-01-07 10:55:36 156

翻译 8.17.4. Infinite (Unbounded) Ranges

8.17.4. Infinite (Unbounded) Ranges8.17.4. 无限（无边界）范围范围的下界可忽略，即表示小于上界的所有值均包含在范围中，例如(,3]。同样，如果忽略范围的上界，那么所有大于下界的值均包含在范围内。如果同时省略上界和下界，那么可以认为元素类型的所有值均包含在范围中。如果将忽略的边界指定为包含边界，那么会自动转换为不包含，例如[,]会自动转换为(,)。可以简单的将忽略的上下界理解为正负无穷。具有infinity值的元素类型，可以明确使用infinity为.

2021-01-07 10:21:25 185

翻译 8.17.3. Inclusive and Exclusive Bounds

8.17.3. Inclusive and Exclusive Bounds8.17.3.开/闭区间Every non-empty range has two bounds, the lower bound and the upper bound. All points betweenthese values are included in the range. An inclusive bound means that the boundary point itself isincluded ..

2021-01-07 10:12:10 121

翻译 8.17.2. Examples

8.17.2. Examples8.17.2.示例CREATE TABLE reservation (room int, during tsrange);INSERT INTO reservation VALUES(1108, '[2010-01-01 14:30, 2010-01-01 15:30)');-- ContainmentSELECT int4range(10, 20) @> 3;-- OverlapsSELECT numrange(11.1, 22.2)

2021-01-07 10:10:03 115

翻译 8.17.1. Built-in Range Types

8.17.1. Built-in Range Types8.17.1.内置范围类型PostgreSQL comes with the following built-in range types:PostgreSQL包含以下内置范围类型：int4range — Range of integer int8range — Range of bigint numrange — Range of numeric tsrange — Range of timestamp without time

2021-01-07 10:06:33 136

翻译 8.17. Range Types

8.17. Range Types8.17.范围类型Range types are data types representing a range of values of some element type (called the range'ssubtype). For instance, ranges of timestamp might be used to represent the ranges of time that ameeting room is reserved. In t..

2021-01-07 10:02:53 114

翻译 8.16.6. Composite Type Input and Output Syntax

8.16.6. Composite Type Input and Output Syntax8.16.6.复合类型的输入及输出语法The external text representation of a composite value consists of items that are interpreted accordingto the I/O conversion rules for the individual field types, plus decoration that ind.

2021-01-07 09:58:13 136

翻译 8.16.5. Using Composite Types in Queries

8.16.5. Using Composite Types in Queries8.16.5.在查询中使用复合类型There are various special syntax rules and behaviors associated with composite types in queries. Theserules provide useful shortcuts, but can be confusing if you don't know the logic behind them.

2021-01-06 23:13:36 213

翻译 8.16.4. Modifying Composite Types

8.16.4. Modifying Composite Types8.16.4.修改复合类型Here are some examples of the proper syntax for inserting and updating composite columns. First,inserting or updating a whole column:以下为插入和更新复合类型的示例。首先，插入或更新整列：INSERT INTO mytab (complex_col) VALUES((.

2021-01-06 22:35:31 145

翻译 8.16.3. Accessing Composite Types

8.16.3. Accessing Composite Types8.16.3.访问复合类型To access a field of a composite column, one writes a dot and the field name, much like selecting afield from a table name. In fact, it's so much like selecting from a table name that you often have to use.

2021-01-06 22:30:20 118

翻译 8.16.2. Constructing Composite Values

8.16.2. Constructing Composite Values8.16.2.构建复合值To write a composite value as a literal constant, enclose the field values within parentheses and separatethem by commas. You can put double quotes around any field value, and must do so if it contains..

2021-01-06 22:26:57 146

翻译 8.16.1. Declaration of Composite Types

8.16.1. Declaration of Composite Types8.16.1.声明复合类型Here are two simple examples of defining composite types:以下为两个定义复合类型的简单示例：CREATE TYPE complex AS (r double precision,i double precision);CREATE TYPE inventory_item AS (name text,suppli

2021-01-06 17:24:39 152

翻译 8.16. Composite Types

8.16. Composite Types8.16.复合数据类型composite type represents the structure of a row or record; it is essentially just a list of field namesand their data types. PostgreSQL allows composite types to be used in many of the same ways thatsimple types can b..

2021-01-06 14:21:20 166

翻译 8.15.6. Array Input and Output Syntax

8.15.6. Array Input and Output Syntax8.15.6.数组输入和输出语法The external text representation of an array value consists of items that are interpreted according tothe I/O conversion rules for the array's element type, plus decoration that indicates the array .

2021-01-06 13:08:31 218

翻译 8.15.5. Searching in Arrays

8.15.5. Searching in Arrays8.15.5.检索数组To search for a value in an array, each value must be checked. This can be done manually, if you knowthe size of the array. For example:要在数组中搜索值，必须检查每个值。如果已知数组的大小，则可以手动完成。例如：SELECT * FROM sal_emp WHER..

2021-01-06 12:32:37 136

翻译 8.15.4. Modifying Arrays

8.15.4. Modifying Arrays8.15.4.修改数组An array value can be replaced completely:一个数组值也可以被完全替代：UPDATE sal_emp SET pay_by_quarter = '{25000,25000,27000,27000}'WHERE name = 'Carol';or using the ARRAY expression syntax:或者使用ARRAY表达式语法：UPDATE sal_

2021-01-06 11:26:26 123

翻译 8.15.3. Accessing Arrays

8.15.3. Accessing Arrays8.15.3.访问数组Now, we can run some queries on the table. First, we show how to access a single element of an array.This query retrieves the names of the employees whose pay changed in the second quarter:现在，让我们针对表执行几个查询。首先，展示一下如何访

2021-01-06 10:49:06 140

翻译 8.15.2. Array Value Input

8.15.2. Array Value Input8.15.2.数组值输入To write an array value as a literal constant, enclose the element values within curly braces and separatethem by commas. (If you know C, this is not unlike the C syntax for initializing structures.) You canput do..

2021-01-06 10:39:37 157

翻译 8.15.1. Declaration of Array Types

8.15.1. Declaration of Array Types8.15.1.声明数组类型To illustrate the use of array types, we create this table:我们创建下表，以展示数组类型的使用：CREATE TABLE sal_emp (name text,pay_by_quarter integer[],schedule text[][]);As shown, an array data type is name

2021-01-06 10:30:59 125

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DB2数据库所在磁盘丢失如何删掉数据库并恢复？