World Wind Java开发之六——解析shape文件

最近一直忙于导师项目的事情了，几天没更新了，昨天和今天研究了下WWJ解析shp文件的源代码，现在记录下，希望可以帮到更多的人！

上一篇博客：World Wind Java开发之五——读取本地shp文件只讲了如何加载shp文件，没有涉及到shp文件的解析，我们这篇博客紧接上一篇博客，利用WWJ来解析shp文件。首先来看用到的源码包和相关类，如下图所示。解析shp文件主要用到Shapefile(shapefile文件类)、ShapefileRecord（shape文件记录类）、DBaseRecord类以及DBaseField（字段类）

1、读取shapefile文件

由上图可以看出有要实例化一个shapefile对象有六种方法，以其中的两种为例，看下源码：

（1）

/**
	 * Opens a Shapefile from an InputStream, and InputStreams to its optional
	 * resources.
	 * <p/>
	 * The source Shapefile may be accompanied optional streams to an index
	 * resource stream, an attribute resource stream, and a projection resource
	 * stream. If any of these streams are null or cannot be read for any
	 * reason, the Shapefile opens without that information.
	 * <p/>
	 * This throws an exception if the shapefile's coordinate system is
	 * unsupported.
	 * 
	 * @param shpStream
	 *            the shapefile geometry file stream.
	 * @param shxStream
	 *            the index file stream, can be null.
	 * @param dbfStream
	 *            the attribute file stream, can be null.
	 * @param prjStream
	 *            the projection file stream, can be null.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
	 *             if the shapefile geometry stream <code>shpStream</code> is
	 *             null.
	 * @throws WWRuntimeException
	 *             if the shapefile cannot be opened for any reason, or if the
	 *             shapefile's coordinate system is unsupported.
	 */
	public Shapefile(InputStream shpStream, InputStream shxStream,
			InputStream dbfStream, InputStream prjStream)
	{
		this(shpStream, shxStream, dbfStream, prjStream, null);
	}

输入文件流分别对应着.shp .shx .dbf .prj文件

（2）

/**
	 * Opens an Shapefile from a general source. The source type may be one of
	 * the following:
	 * <ul>
	 * <li>{@link java.io.InputStream}</li>
	 * <li>{@link java.net.URL}</li>
	 * <li>{@link File}</li>
	 * <li>{@link String} containing a valid URL description or a file or
	 * resource name available on the classpath.</li>
	 * </ul>
	 * <p/>
	 * The source Shapefile may be accompanied by an optional index file,
	 * attribute file, and projection file. To be recognized by this Shapefile,
	 * accompanying files must be in the same logical folder as the Shapefile,
	 * have the same filename as the Shapefile, and have suffixes ".shx",
	 * ".dbf", and ".prj" respectively. If any of these files do not exist, or
	 * cannot be read for any reason, the Shapefile opens without that
	 * information.
	 * <p/>
	 * This throws an exception if the shapefile's coordinate system is
	 * unsupported, or if the shapefile's coordinate system is unsupported.
	 * 
	 * @param source
	 *            the source of the shapefile.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException
	 *             if the source is null or an empty string.
	 * @throws WWRuntimeException
	 *             if the shapefile cannot be opened for any reason.
	 */
	public Shapefile(Object source)
	{
		this(source, null);
	}

这种方法秩序给出shp文件的路径即可，但是若只有shp文件，缺少shx等文件则无法解析shape文件。

根据以上两种方法来实例化一个shapefile对象，源码如下：

String shpFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.shp";
		String shxFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.shx";
		String dbfFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.dbf";
		String prjFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.prj";

		Shapefile shapefile = new Shapefile(shpFilePath);
		System.out.println(shapefile.getShapeType());

或者：---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

String shpFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.shp";
		String shxFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.shx";
		String dbfFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.dbf";
		String prjFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.prj";

		InputStream shpInputStream = new FileInputStream(shpFilePath);
		InputStream shxInputStream = new FileInputStream(shxFilePath);
		InputStream dbfInputStream = new FileInputStream(dbfFilePath);
		InputStream prjInputStream = new FileInputStream(prjFilePath);

		// 实例化一个shapefile类
		 Shapefile shapefile = new Shapefile(shpInputStream, shxInputStream,
		 dbfInputStream, prjInputStream);
		System.out.println(shapefile.getShapeType()); // shape类型

这里需要说明的一点是，一开始的时候我是用的Shapefile(Object source)方法，但是报错：Source is NULL，不知是什么原因；用下面这种方法就可以，这个可以不必太纠结。

2、获取shapefile文件的属性表信息

在shapefile.java文件中可以找到 attributeFile字段，包含shapefile文件的属性信息，但是其权限是protected，只需在原java文件中添加一个方法返回改字段值即可。改完源码，重新导出jar文件覆盖引用即可。

protected DBaseFile				attributeFile;

/**
	 * 
	 * @方法名称: getAttributesTable ；
	 * @方法描述:  获取属性表 ；
	 * @参数 ：@return 
	 * @返回类型: DBaseFile ；
	 * @创建人：奔跑的鸡丝 ;
	 * @创建时间：2014-12-1 下午12:55:33；
	 * @throws
	 */
	public DBaseFile getAttributesTable()
	{
		return this.attributeFile;
	}

获取属性表后，首先要获取属性表的基本信息，如：shape文件的类型、字段个数以及记录个数。另外输出所有字段名

	// 获取shp属性表
		DBaseFile dBaseFile = shapefile.getAttributesTable();
		int fieldCount = dBaseFile.getNumberOfFields(); // 字段数
		int recordsCount = dBaseFile.getNumberOfRecords(); // 记录数
		System.out.println("字段数为：" + fieldCount);
		System.out.println("记录数为：" + recordsCount);
		System.out.println(shapefile.getShapeType()); // shape类型
		//获取字段集合
		DBaseField [] dBaseFields=dBaseFile.getFields();
		
		for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; i++)
		{
			System.out.println(dBaseFields[i].getName());
		}

运行结果如下：

在ArcMap下打开shp文件的属性表，对比可知输出的结果是正确的。

3、获取字段值

// 解析shape文件
		try
		{
			while (shapefile.hasNext())
			{
				ShapefileRecord record = shapefile.nextRecord(); // 获取一条记录
				DBaseRecord dBaseRecord = record.getAttributes(); // 获取该记录的属性信息
												
				Object[] values = dBaseRecord.getValues().toArray();//获取字段值集合

				for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++)
				{
					System.out.println(values[i].toString());
				}
				System.out.println("------------------");
			}
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("解析shapefile文件出错！");
		}
		finally
		{
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, shpFilePath);
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, shxFilePath);
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, dbfFilePath);
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, prjFilePath);

		}

思路很简单：shapefile文件—>获取一条记录—>获取记录的属性信息-->获取字段值集合。但是有一个问题： 不支持中文字段值

调整后运行结果如下：

ArcMap下的属性表如下图所示：

通过对比，发现字段值虽然都读取了，但是顺序却是乱的。目前还未发现是什么原因，下一篇博客再来解决这个问题字段值与字段不对应的问题。下面给出完整的代码：

/**
	 * @方法名称: shapeFileReader ；
	 * @方法描述: 读取sh文件 ；
	 * @参数 ：@throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @返回类型: void ；
	 * @创建人：奔跑的鸡丝 ;
	 * @创建时间：2014-12-1 下午12:50:11；
	 * @throws
	 */
	private void shapeFileReader() throws FileNotFoundException
	{
		String shpFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.shp";
		String shxFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.shx";
		String dbfFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.dbf";
		String prjFilePath = "D:\\Users\\wwj_data\\states.prj";

		InputStream shpInputStream = new FileInputStream(shpFilePath);
		InputStream shxInputStream = new FileInputStream(shxFilePath);
		InputStream dbfInputStream = new FileInputStream(dbfFilePath);
		InputStream prjInputStream = new FileInputStream(prjFilePath);

		// 实例化一个shapefile类
		 Shapefile shapefile = new Shapefile(shpInputStream, shxInputStream,
		 dbfInputStream, prjInputStream);
	

		// 获取shp属性表
		DBaseFile dBaseFile = shapefile.getAttributesTable();
		int fieldCount = dBaseFile.getNumberOfFields(); // 字段数
		int recordsCount = dBaseFile.getNumberOfRecords(); // 记录数
		System.out.println("字段数为：" + fieldCount);
		System.out.println("记录数为：" + recordsCount);
		System.out.println(shapefile.getShapeType()); // shape类型
		//获取字段集合
		DBaseField [] dBaseFields=dBaseFile.getFields();
		
		for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; i++)
		{
			System.out.print(dBaseFields[i].getName()+"    ");
		}
		System.out.println();
		// 解析shape文件
		try
		{
			while (shapefile.hasNext())
			{
				ShapefileRecord record = shapefile.nextRecord(); // 获取一条记录
				DBaseRecord dBaseRecord = record.getAttributes(); // 获取该记录的属性信息
												
				Object[] values = dBaseRecord.getValues().toArray();//获取字段值集合

				for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++)
				{
					System.out.print(values[i].toString()+"        ");
				}
				System.out.println("------------------");
			}
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("解析shapefile文件出错！");
		}
		finally
		{
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, shpFilePath);
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, shxFilePath);
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, dbfFilePath);
			WWIO.closeStream(shapefile, prjFilePath);

		}

	}

-----------------------------------------------华丽的分割线----------------------------------------------

关于上面提到的获取的 字段与字段值不对应的问题解决办法：根据字段名来获取字段值。

while (shapefile.hasNext())
			{
				ShapefileRecord record = shapefile.nextRecord(); // 获取一条记录
				DBaseRecord dBaseRecord = record.getAttributes(); // 获取该记录的属性信息
				ArrayList<String> fieldArrayList = new ArrayList<String>();
				for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; i++)
				{
					/**
					 * 根据字段名称来获取字段值
					 */
					String fieldValue = dBaseRecord.getValue(
							dBaseFields[i].getName()).toString(); //
					fieldArrayList.add(fieldValue);
					System.out.print(fieldValue + "        ");

				}

				System.out.println("------------------");
			}

执行结果如下图所示。