mybatis级联，一对一

宽为限　紧用功　工夫到　滞塞通

mybatis中对象与对象之间的关系与hibernate不同，hibernate可以直接通过配置，一步到位将对象关联到对应的对象里。
mybatis需要实现对象关联主要分这几步骤：
1、对象里包含要关联的对象；
2、额外提供一个属性存关联对象的id；
3、xml文件里配置association(与被关联的Mapper接口里的查询方法对应)；
4、被关联的Mapper接口文件中提供对应的查询本对象方法(与association对应)。
mybatis中一对一级联在resultMap里是用 association属性配置的
在这里以学生（Student）和学生证（StudentSelfcard）之间的一对一关系来做案例，我们忽略次要的东西直接看主要的，这里Student里包含StudentSelfcard，然后我们也添加了一个studentSelfcardId属性，下面是Student类主要代码

...   
     /**
     * 实际使用时的对象，mybatis通过studentSelfcardId关联
     */
    private StudentSelfcard studentSelfcard;

    public StudentSelfcard getStudentSelfcard() {
        return studentSelfcard;
    }

    public void setStudentSelfcard(StudentSelfcard studentSelfcard) {
        this.studentSelfcard = studentSelfcard;
    }

    /**
     *  额外提供的属性，mybatis关联用
     */
    private int studentSelfcardId;

    public int getStudentSelfcardId() {
        return studentSelfcardId;
    }

    public void setStudentSelfcardId(int studentSelfcardId) {
        this.studentSelfcardId = studentSelfcardId;
    }
...

这里先不说为什么要多一个额外属性，接下来我们看看studentMapper.xml文件里的配置

...
<mapper namespace="com.learn.chapter4.mapper.StudentMapper">

    <resultMap id="studentMap" type="com.learn.chapter4.po.Student">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="cnname" column="cnname" />
        <result property="sex" column="sex" jdbcType="INTEGER" javaType="com.learn.chapter4.enums.SexEnum" />
        <result property="studentSelfcardId" column="student_selfcard_id" />
        <!-- 本条语句会通过select的内容去它对应的Mapper.xml文件里去找到对应id的select方法，并得到方法返回的对象 -->
        <association property="studentSelfcard" column="id" 
            select="com.learn.chapter4.mapper.StudentSelfcardMapper.findStudentSelfcardByStudentId" />
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudent" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap">
        select * from t_student where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <!-- 在StudentSelfcardMapper.xml配置中通过本条语句找到关联的Student对象 -->
    <select id="findStudentByStudentSelfcardId" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap">
        select * from t_student where student_selfcard_id = #{studentSelfcardId}
    </select>
</mapper>

ok，有疑问的话很正常，先存着。接下来我们看它关联的对象实体类及对应的xml配置文件，先是java文件

    /**
     * 实际使用时的对象，mybatis通过studentId关联
     */
    private Student student;

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }

    /**
     * 额外提供的属性，mybatis关联用
     */
    private int studentId;

    public int getStudentId() {
        return studentId;
    }

    public void setStudentId(int studentId) {
        this.studentId = studentId;
    }

嗯，还是一个样，然后看studentSelfcardMapper.xml 文件

...
<mapper namespace="com.learn.chapter4.mapper.StudentSelfcardMapper">

    <resultMap id="studentSelfcardMap" type="com.learn.chapter4.po.StudentSelfcard">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="studentId" column="student_id" />
        <result property="native_" column="native" />
        <result property="issueDate" column="issue_date" />
        <result property="endDate" column="end_date" />
        <result property="note" column="note" />
        <!-- 本条语句会通过select的内容去它对应的Mapper.xml文件里去找到对应id的select方法，并得到方法返回的对象 -->
        <association property="student" column="id"
            select="com.learn.chapter4.mapper.StudentMapper.findStudentByStudentSelfcardId" />
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudentSelfcard" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentSelfcardMap">
        select * from t_student_selfcard where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <!-- 在StudentMapper.xml配置中通过本条语句找到关联的StudentSelfcard对象 -->
    <select id="findStudentSelfcardByStudentId" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentSelfcardMap">
        select * from t_student_selfcard where student_id = #{studentId}
    </select>
</mapper>

到这里估计你已经发现，实体类之间它们除了各自的属性不一样之外，其关联关系配置的方式都是一样的。都有一个额外的要关联对象的id属性，那么它有什么用呢？

看图，很明显
StudentMapper.xml


StudentSelfcardMapper.xml


没错它们是专门为了找到对应关联对象的具体值而存在的，通过这个额外属性mybatis查到了关联的值，然后再将它封装成对象，放到主对象中。这里怎么查由我们自己定义，最后的功能hibernate一样，不过hibernate是不用自己定义查询方法和他们的具体关联，这点比较方便。
association 通过select值来找到对应Mapper的select。

我们再来看看Mapper接口文件

public interface StudentMapper {

    public Student getStudent(int id);

    /**
     * 关联专用
     * @param selfcardId
     * @return
     */
    public Student findStudentByStudentSelfcardId(int selfcardId);
}

public interface StudentSelfcardMapper {

    public StudentSelfcard getStudentSelfcard(int id);

    /**
     * 关联专用
     * @param studentId
     * @return
     */
    public StudentSelfcard findStudentSelfcardByStudentId(int studentId);
}

最后我们看测试代码及测试效果

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import com.learn.chapter4.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.learn.chapter4.mapper.StudentSelfcardMapper;
import com.learn.chapter4.po.Student;
import com.learn.chapter4.po.StudentSelfcard;
import com.learn.chapter4.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtil;

/**
 * @Description: mybatis一对一关联测试
 * @author zhougm
 * @date 2017年8月5日，下午10:57:06
 *
 */ 
public class AssociationTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionFactoryUtil.openSqlSession();

        // 学生类关联学生证类
        StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        Student student = studentMapper.getStudent(214840101);
        System.out.println(student.getStudentSelfcard().getStudentId());

        // 学生证类关联学生类
        StudentSelfcardMapper studentSelfcardMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentSelfcardMapper.class);
        StudentSelfcard studentSelfcard = studentSelfcardMapper.getStudentSelfcard(1);
        System.out.println(studentSelfcard.getStudent().getStudentSelfcardId());
    }
}

运行结果


数据库信息
t_student

t_student_selfcard


ok! mybatis级联，一对一就这么简单