地 址 | 说 明 |
244.0.0.1 | 基本地址(保留) |
244.0.0.1 | 子网上的所有系统 |
244.0.0.2 | 子网上的所有路由器 |
244.0.0.5 | 子网上所有OSPF路由器 |
244.0.0.6 | 子网上所有指定的OSPF路由器 |
244.0.0.9 | RIP第2版本组地址 |
244.0.1.1 | 网络时间协议 |
244.0.1.24 | WINS服务器组地址 |
LPWSABUF lpCallerData, LPWSABUF lpCalleeData, LPQOS lpSQOS, LPQOS lpGQOS, DWORD dwFlags ); |
#include <winsock2.h> #include <ws2tcpip.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define MCASTADDR "233.0.0.1" //本例使用的多播组地址。 #define MCASTPORT 5150 //绑定的本地端口号。 #define BUFSIZE 1024 //接收数据缓冲大小。 int main( int argc,char ** argv) { WSADATA wsd; struct sockaddr_in local,remote,from; SOCKET sock,sockM; TCHAR recvbuf[BUFSIZE]; int len = sizeof( struct sockaddr_in); int ret; //初始化WinSock2.2 if( WSAStartup( MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsd) != 0 ) { printf("WSAStartup() failed\n"); return -1; } if((sock=WSASocket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0,NULL,0, WSA_FLAG_MULTIPOINT_C_LEAF|WSA_FLAG_MULTIPOINT_D_LEAF| WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED)) == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("socket failed with:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); WSACleanup(); return -1; } //将sock绑定到本机某端口上。 local.sin_family = AF_INET; local.sin_port = htons(MCASTPORT); local.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; if( bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local)) == SOCKET_ERROR ) { printf( "bind failed with:%d \n",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return -1; } //加入多播组 remote.sin_family = AF_INET; remote.sin_port = htons(MCASTPORT); remote.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( MCASTADDR ); if(( sockM = WSAJoinLeaf(sock,(SOCKADDR*)&remote,sizeof(remote), NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL, JL_BOTH)) == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("WSAJoinLeaf() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return -1; } //接收多播数据,当接收到的数据为"QUIT"时退出。 while(1) { if(( ret = recvfrom(sock,recvbuf,BUFSIZE,0, (struct sockaddr*)&from,&len)) == SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("recvfrom failed with:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(sockM); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return -1; } if( strcmp(recvbuf,"QUIT") == 0 ) break; else { recvbuf[ret] = '\0'; printf("RECV:' %s ' FROM <%s> \n",recvbuf,inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr)); } } closesocket(sockM); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return 0; } |
#include <winsock2.h> #include <ws2tcpip.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define MCASTADDR "233.0.0.1" //本例使用的多播组地址。 #define MCASTPORT 5150 //本地端口号。 #define BUFSIZE 1024 //发送数据缓冲大小。 int main( int argc,char ** argv) { WSADATA wsd; struct sockaddr_in remote; SOCKET sock,sockM; TCHAR sendbuf[BUFSIZE]; int len = sizeof( struct sockaddr_in); //初始化WinSock2.2 if( WSAStartup( MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsd) != 0 ) { printf("WSAStartup() failed\n"); return -1; } if((sock=WSASocket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0,NULL,0, WSA_FLAG_MULTIPOINT_C_LEAF|WSA_FLAG_MULTIPOINT_D_LEAF| WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED)) == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("socket failed with:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); WSACleanup(); return -1; } //加入多播组 remote.sin_family = AF_INET; remote.sin_port = htons(MCASTPORT); remote.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( MCASTADDR ); if(( sockM = WSAJoinLeaf(sock,(SOCKADDR*)&remote, sizeof(remote),NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL, JL_BOTH)) == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("WSAJoinLeaf() failed:%d\n",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return -1; } //发送多播数据,当用户在控制台输入"QUIT"时退出。 while(1) { printf("SEND : "); scanf("%s",sendbuf); if( sendto(sockM,(char*)sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf),0,(struct sockaddr*) &remote,sizeof(remote))==SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("sendto failed with: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(sockM); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return -1; } if(strcmp(sendbuf,"QUIT")==0) break; Sleep(500); } closesocket(sockM); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); return 0; } |
转自:http://c.chinaitlab.com/vc/200901/774714.html
开发环境: VC 6.0(sp5), 使用winsock2(ws2_32.lib)
测试环境: 三台机器位于两个不同的AD域中,所有机器都是windows 2000(SP4)的操作系统。 sz09和kenfilweb4位于域kenfilszwin2k, kenfil-sz18是域sz18-domain域的一台DC。
对于局域网来说,我们可以使用的多播地址为224.0.0.0-224.0.0.255(想知道为什么?看看书吧。:-) )
多播是通过设置套接口(socket, 来自书上的翻译)选项来实现的,这个套接口必须是一个UDP的套接口
IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: 加入一个多播组
IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP: 离开一个多播组
IP_MULTICAST_IF: 指定外出多播数据报的外出接口
IP_MULTICAST_TTL: TTL数
IP_MULTICAST_LOOP: 是否禁止回馈,我的理解是一台机器是否可以接收到自己发送的多播数据报
在设置IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP和IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP选项的时候,我们需要用到ip_mreq结构, 要使用此结构,你必须include <Ws2tcpip.h>, 并确保此include位于include <winsock2.h>之下
程序功能:程序读取用户输入的行发送到多播组,加入多播组的任何客户端应该显示从多播组中读到的数据。
实现代码如下:
//Project Setting -> C/C++ -> Code Generation -> 确认选中"Debug Multithreaded" #include <iostream> #include <winsock2.h> //注意这里的include文件顺序 #include <Ws2tcpip.h> #include <process.h> //_beginthread要求 #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") using namespace std; const char* MULTICAST_IP = "224.0.0.99"; //多播组地址 const int MULTICAST_PORT = 2002; //多播组端口 const int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024; void do_send(void* arg); //读取用户输入并发送到多播组线程函数 void do_read(void* arg); //读物多播组数据函数 int main() { WSAData wsaData; if( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData) != 0 ) { cout<<"Error in WSAStartup"<<endl; return 0; } SOCKET server; server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); //创建一个UDP套接口 cout<<"create socket: "<<server<<endl; int ret ; const int on = 1; //允许程序的多个实例运行在同一台机器上 ret = setsockopt(server, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)); if( ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { WSACleanup(); cout<<"Error in setsockopt(SO_REUSEADDR): "<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; return 0; } const int routenum = 10; ret = setsockopt(server,IPPROTO_IP,IP_MULTICAST_TTL,\ (char*)&routenum,sizeof(routenum)); if( ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { WSACleanup(); cout<<"Error in setsockopt(IP_MULTICAST_TTL): "<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; return 0; } const int loopback = 0; //禁止回馈 ret = setsockopt(server,IPPROTO_IP,IP_MULTICAST_LOOP,\ (char*)&loopback,sizeof(loopback)); if( ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { WSACleanup(); cout<<"Error in setsockopt(IP_MULTICAST_LOOP): "<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; return 0; } sockaddr_in local; memset(&local, 0, sizeof(local)); local.sin_family = AF_INET; local.sin_port = htons(MULTICAST_PORT); local.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY; ret = bind(server, (sockaddr*)(&local), sizeof(local)); if( ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { WSACleanup(); cout<<"Error in bind: "<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; return 0; } ip_mreq mreq; memset(&mreq, 0, sizeof(mreq)); mreq.imr_interface.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY; mreq.imr_multiaddr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(MULTICAST_IP); //加入一个多播组 ret = setsockopt(server,IPPROTO_IP,IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,\ (char*)&mreq,sizeof(mreq)); if( ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { WSACleanup(); cout<<"Error in setsockopt(IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP): "<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; return 0; } //创建了两个线程,一个读用户输入并发送,一个读多播组数据 HANDLE hHandle[2]; hHandle[0] = (HANDLE)_beginthread(do_send,0,(void*)server); hHandle[1] = (HANDLE)_beginthread(do_read,0,(void*)server); //如果用户输入结束,程序就终止了 WaitForSingleObject(hHandle[0], INFINITE); WSACleanup(); return 0; } void do_send(void* arg) { SOCKET server = (SOCKET)arg; char sendline[BUFFER_SIZE+1]; sockaddr_in remote; memset(&remote, 0, sizeof(remote)); remote.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr ( MULTICAST_IP ); remote.sin_family = AF_INET ; remote.sin_port = htons(MULTICAST_PORT); for(;;) //读取用户输入知道用户输入"end" { cin.getline(sendline, BUFFER_SIZE); if(strncmp(sendline,"end",3)==0) break; //发送用户输入的数据到多播组 sendto(server, sendline, strlen(sendline), 0, (sockaddr*)(&remote), sizeof(remote)); } cout<<"do_send end..."<<endl; } void do_read(void* arg) { SOCKET server = (SOCKET)arg; char buf[BUFFER_SIZE+1]; int ret; sockaddr_in client; int clientLen; for(;;) //一直读取知道主线程终止 { clientLen = sizeof(client); memset(&client, 0, clientLen); ret = recvfrom(server, buf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0, (sockaddr*)(&clientLen), &clientLen); if ( ret == 0) //do_read在用户直接回车发送了一个空字符串 { continue; } else if( ret == SOCKET_ERROR ) { if( WSAGetLastError() == WSAEINTR ) //主线程终止recvfrom返回的错 break; cout<<"Error in recvfrom: "<<WSAGetLastError()<<endl; break ; } buf[ret] = '\0'; cout<<"received: "<<buf<<endl; } cout<<"do_read end..."<<endl; } |