Java学习5：this关键字

this关键字

区分同名变量的情况：局部变量和成员变量重名，如下例。
this代表所在函数所属对象的引用，简单说，哪个对象在调用this所在的函数，this就代表哪个对象。

public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] arg){
        Person p1 = new Person();

        Person p2 = new Person(10);

        Person p3 = new Person(10, "name");
    }
}

class Person{
    private int age;
    private String name;
    {
        this.cry();//构造代码块
    }
    Person() {//构造函数
        System.out.println("A:age = " + this.age + ", name:" + this.name);
    }
    Person(int age){//构造函数
        this.age = age;
        System.out.println("B:age = " + this.age + ", name:" + this.name);
    }
    Person(int age, String name){//构造函数
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
        System.out.println("C:age = " + this.age + ", name:" + this.name);
    }
    void cry(){
        System.out.println("cry!");
    }
}

this的应用

当定义本类功能（函数）时，该函数内部要调用该函数的对象时，这时用this表示此对象。

/*
C:age = 23, name:lisi
C:age = 10, name:zhangsan
false
*/
public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] arg){
        Person p1 = new Person(23, "lisi");
        Person p2 = new Person(10, "zhangsan");
        System.out.println(p1.compare(p2));
    }
}

class Person{
    private int age;
    private String name;
    Person(int age, String name){//构造函数
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
        System.out.println("C:age = " + this.age + ", name:" + this.name);
    }
    public boolean compare(Person p){
        return this.age == p.age;
    }
}

this语句

仅用于构造函数之间进行互相调用。
this语句只能定义在构造函数的第一行，因为初始化要先执行。

/*
C:age = 23, name:lisi
*/
public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] arg){
        Person p1 = new Person(23, "lisi");
    }
}

class Person{
    private int age;
    private String name;
    Person(int age){
        this.age = age;
    }
    Person(int age, String name){//构造函数
        this(age);
        this.name = name;
        System.out.println("C:age = " + this.age + ", name:" + this.name);
    }
}