今天看了一下使用python绘制图表的方法,有个强大的类库matplotlib,可以制作出高质量的2D和3D图形,先记录一下,以后慢慢学习。
matplotlib下载及API手册地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/matplotlib/files/matplotlib/
数学库numpy下载及API手册地址:http://www.scipy.org/Download
几个绘图的例子,来自API手册:
1、最简单的图:
代码:
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- plt.plot([10, 20, 30])
- plt.xlabel('tiems')
- plt.ylabel('numbers')
- plt.show()
测试:
2.饼图:
代码:
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- from pylab import *
- # make a square figure and axes
- figure(1, figsize=(6,6))
- ax = axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8])
- labels = 'Frogs', 'Hogs', 'Dogs', 'Logs'
- fracs = [15,30,45, 10]
- explode=(0, 0.05, 0, 0)
- pie(fracs, explode=explode, labels=labels, autopct='%1.1f%%', shadow=True)
- title('Raining Hogs and Dogs', bbox={'facecolor':'0.8', 'pad':5})
- savefig('D:\\pie.png')
- show()
测试:
3、使用numpy库函数:
代码:
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- import numpy as np
- import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
- t = np.arange(0.0, 1.01, 0.01)
- s = np.sin(2*2*np.pi*t)
- plt.fill(t, s*np.exp(-5*t), 'r')
- plt.grid(True)
- #保存为PDF格式,也可保存为PNG等图形格式
- plt.savefig('D:\\test.pdf')
- plt.show()
测试: