ddmlib是DDMS工具的核心,堪称Android SDK中最不为人知的隐藏Boss,它封装了一系列对ADB的功能封装。
DDMS工具虽然已经非常强大,可以展示非常多的Android性能监测数据,但是,它有一个很大的缺点,就是很多数据不能导出,而且很多功能也不能达到自定义的需求,因此,基于这些问题,利用ddmlib来完成自定义的功能定制,就是非常有用的了。
完成DDMS功能的自定义设置,就需要使用到ddmlib这个jar,同时,为了了解DDMS是如何实现这些功能的,还需要引人DDMS的一些库,来了解其指令的实现原理,如图所示:
分别是ddmlib.jar、ddms.jar和ddmuilib.jar,其中ddmlib.jar是核心功能,其它两个是为了查看其实现原理而引人的。
搭建研究环境
在IDEA中创建一个Java项目,并导入这些jar包:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">. ├── lib │ ├── ddmlib<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.jar</span> │ ├── ddms<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.jar</span> │ ├── ddmuilib<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.jar</span> │ └── guava-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">18.0</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.jar</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
可以看见这里多了一个guava的jar包,该jar是Google的一些拓展库,在导入这些jar包的时候需要进行依赖。这些jar全部引人后,研究DDMS的环境就搭建好了。点击每一个jar,就可以查看其相关的方法和代码了,如图所示:
利用ddmlib连接设备
要使用ddmlib,首先需要连接设备,这是学习、研究ddmlib.jar的第一步,代码如下所示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> com.android.ddmlib.*; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> javax.imageio.ImageIO; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.awt.image.BufferedImage; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.File; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.io.IOException; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Main</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) { IDevice device; AndroidDebugBridge.init(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); AndroidDebugBridge bridge = AndroidDebugBridge.createBridge( <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/Users/xuyisheng/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); waitForDevice(bridge); IDevice devices[] = bridge.getDevices(); device = devices[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">waitForDevice</span>(AndroidDebugBridge bridge) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> count = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (!bridge.hasInitialDeviceList()) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); count++; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException ignored) { } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (count > <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">300</span>) { System.err.print(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Time out"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>; } } } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li></ul>
这里的代码中使用循环来进行处理的原因是,ADB需要时间来进行设备连接,所以需要等待一段时间来进行连接,一旦设备连接成功,就可以通过IDevice类来进行设备操作了。
ddmlib api使用示例
ddmlib提供了很多API,但是其文档很少,很多东西只能从源码中找,这里举一个例子,利用ddmlib来进行设备截图,代码如下所示:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">takeScreenshot</span>(IDevice device) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { RawImage rawScreen = device.getScreenshot(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (rawScreen != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> width = rawScreen.width; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> height = rawScreen.height; BufferedImage image = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> index = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> indexInc = rawScreen.bpp >> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> y = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; y < rawScreen.height; y++) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> x = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; x < rawScreen.width; x++, index += indexInc) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span> = rawScreen.getARGB(index); image.setRGB(x, y, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">value</span>); } } ImageIO.write(image, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"PNG"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> File(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/Users/xuyisheng/Downloads/temp/test.png"</span>)); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (TimeoutException | AdbCommandRejectedException | IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul>
利用IDevice的API就可以完成设备的截图操作。
DDMS功能自定义
要使用ddmlib来实现DDMS的功能自定义,就需要先了解DDMS是如何获取这些数据的,例如,我们需要了解DDMS是如何统计cpuinfo、meminfo和gfxinfo,也就是下面这个界面:
假如我们要做App的性能监测,那么这里的CPU、Memory、Frame信息是非常好的,但是DDMS却不能导出数据,所以我们需要进行自定义,那么这个功能,DDMS是如何实现的呢?打开ddmsuilib.jar,如图所示:
找到其中的SysinfoPanel类,从命名就基本可以确定,这个就是我们在DDMS中看见的那个界面,进入代码就更可以确定了,如图所示:
在这里,就可以找到相应的实现原理了,原来就是dumpsys cpuinfo”, “cat /proc/meminfo ; procrank”, “dumpsys gfxinfo而已。OK,掌握了这个方法,再查看其它的功能,就非常简单了。
开源项目
Github上对ddmlib研究的人并不多,可想而知,这个隐藏Boss藏的有多深,目前所知的比较出名的是下面这个项目:
https://github.com/cosysoft/device
但这个项目是运行不起来的,因为它引用了一些携程内部的服务器地址,需要做修改才能运行,但它的原理还是不错的,对ddmlib的研究也挺深入的。
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/eclipsexys/article/details/51316423