使用emca命令行配置EM并通过浏览器访问EM示例

EM是Oracle Enterprise Manager简称，本文涉及操作及命令：
配置EM-创建删除重建:    emca -config dbcontrol db -repos recreate|drop|create
启动、关闭、查看EM状态     emctl start|stop|status dbconsole
环境：OEL5.7,ORACLE 11.2.0.4,VBOX虚拟机
配置EM前检查事项：1.确定监听已经启动并正常运行，2.检查主机名 3.检查主机名与IP对应已经写入/etc/hosts，4.密码文件进行确认无误，5.检查EM需要用到的三个用户：SYS DBSNMP,SYSMAN的密码以及是否能登陆，6.可以提前将 $ORACLE_HOSTNAME变量（与主机名一致即可）写入.bash_profile.这个参数不写有时也可以，保险起见还是写上吧。7.可使用SYS用户通过服务名登陆数据库测试一下。

1.环境检查步骤-检查结果类似以下即可：

[oracle@bys3 admin]$ lsnrctl status   监听状态正常
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 16-NOV-2013 22:34:50
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=bys3.bys.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                15-NOV-2013 12:26:43
Uptime                    1 days 10 hr. 8 min. 6 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/diag/tnslsnr/bys3/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=bys3.bys.com)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "bys3" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "bys3", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@bys3 admin]$ cat /etc/hosts   IP与主机名对应无误
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               bys3.bys.com bys3
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.1.211   bys3.bys.com
查看已经注册的信息：select comp_name from dba_registry;
[oracle@bys3 dbhome_1]$ cd network/admin/
[oracle@bys3 admin] $ ls
listener.ora  samples  shrept.lst  tnsnames.ora
[oracle@bys3 admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin
[oracle@bys3 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora  
bys3 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.211)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = bys3)
    )
  )
[oracle@bys3 dbs]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
[oracle@bys3 dbs]$ ls ora*   密码文件格式正常
orapwbys3
[oracle@bys3 admin]$ sqlplus sys/oraclesys@bys3 as sysdba   使用服务名可以正常登陆--可验证密码是否正确、监听、TNSNAMES.ORA是否正常
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat Nov 16 22:38:17 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@ bys3> conn bys/bys@bys3
Connected.
BYS@ bys3>exit
[oracle@bys3 ~]$ cat .bash_profile   --增加ORACLE_HOSTNAME环境变量,只截取两条
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=bys3.bys.com
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
[oracle@bys3 ~]$ hostname
bys3.bys.com
[oracle@bys3 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOSTNAME
bys3.bys.com
BYS@ bys3>select username,account_status from dba_users;
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS
------------------------------ --------------------------------
BYS                            OPEN
MGMT_VIEW                      OPEN
SYS                            OPEN
SYSTEM                         OPEN
DBSNMP                         OPEN
SYSMAN                         OPEN
OUTLN                          EXPIRED & LOCKED
DIP                            EXPIRED & LOCKED
ORACLE_OCM                     EXPIRED & LOCKED
APPQOSSYS                      EXPIRED & LOCKED
10 rows selected.
BYS@ bys3> conn dbsnmp/oraclesys    --测试下用户的密码是否正确用户是否已经解锁。
Connected.
DBSNMP@ bys3>conn system/oraclesys
Connected.
SYSTEM@ bys3> conn sysman/oraclesys     --测试下用户的密码是否正确用户是否已经解锁。
Connected.
##########################################################################

2.通过emca来配置EM的相关参数

开始执行重建EM操作:
[oracle@bys3 ~]$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos recreate     如果已经存在有EM，用recreate 关键字。

STARTED EMCA at Nov 14, 2013 4:25:58 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 11.2.0.3.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Enter the following information:
Database SID: bys3        - --实例名
Listener port number: 1521     ---监听运行的端口
Listener ORACLE_HOME [ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ]:       - --这里是ORACLE_HOME的值，确认不误直接回车就行
Password for SYS user:                                          ---SYS用户的密码
Password for DBSNMP user:  
Password for SYSMAN user:  
Email address for notifications (optional):                     --EMAIL可以不填写，应该是用来发送报警信息的。
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional):
-----------------------------------------------------------------
You have specified the following settings
Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Local hostname ................ bys3.bys.com
Listener ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Listener port number ................ 1521
Database SID ................ bys3
Email address for notifications ...............
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ...............
-----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
WARNING : While repository is dropped the database will be put in quiesce mode.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: y                          ---这里确认上面汇总信息无误后输入：Y，就开始配置了，需要几分钟时间。
Nov 14, 2013 4:27:04 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/cfgtoollogs/emca/bys3/emca_2013_11_14_16_25_58.log.   EM创建时的日志位置
Nov 14, 2013 4:27:06 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Dropping the EM repository (this may take a while) ...       删除EM
Nov 14, 2013 4:27:09 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully dropped
Nov 14, 2013 4:27:09 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...   创建EM用时3分钟
Nov 14, 2013 4:31:17 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Nov 14, 2013 4:31:24 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig uploadConfigDataToRepository
INFO: Uploading configuration data to EM repository (this may take a while) ...     更新注册信息吧，用时两分钟
Nov 14, 2013 4:33:09 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Uploaded configuration data successfully
Nov 14, 2013 4:33:15 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Securing Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Nov 14, 2013 4:33:56 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Database Control secured successfully.
Nov 14, 2013 4:33:56 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Nov 14, 2013 4:35:19 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Nov 14, 2013 4:35:20 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL is https://bys3.bys.com:1158/em <<<<<<<<<<<
Nov 14, 2013 4:35:43 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig invoke
WARNING:
************************  WARNING  ************************
Management Repository has been placed in secure mode wherein Enterprise Manager data will be encrypted.  The encryption key has been placed in the file: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bys3.bys.com_bys3/sysman/config/emkey.ora. Ensure this file is backed up as the encrypted data will become unusable if this file is lost.
***********************************************************
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully                  --可以看到这条语句，表明EM配置成功
FINISHED EMCA at Nov 14, 2013 4:35:43 PM
##########################################################################

3.查看EM状态

[oracle@bys3 ~]$ emctl status dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.4.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2013 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://bys3.bys.com:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g is not running.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bys3.bys.com_bys3/sysman/log

4.启动EM

启动EM成功后一般还需要以下两条设置就可以通过浏览器访问： --通过浏览器访问EM截图见最后的图。
1.需要关闭相应防火墙，如通过域名访问则需要配置相应的条目。
2.启动监听并确认实例已经注册进监听，因为EM是通过监听连接到实例的。--监听就不演示了，详细参考：http://blog.csdn.net/q947817003/article/category/1617485
[oracle@bys3 ~]$ emctl status dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.4.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2013 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://bys3.bys.com:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g is not running.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bys3.bys.com_bys3/sysman/log
[oracle@bys3 ~]$ emctl start dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.4.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2013 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://bys3.bys.com:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ......... started.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bys3.bys.com_bys3/sysman/log

5.停止EM

[oracle@bys3 ~]$ emctl stop dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.4.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2013 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
https://bys3.bys.com:1158/em/console/aboutApplication

Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ... ...  Stopped.         

6.使用浏览器访问监听截图