#141 Sqrt(x)

题目描述：

Implement int sqrt(int x).

Compute and return the square root of x.

Have you met this question in a real interview? 

Yes

Example

sqrt(3) = 1

sqrt(4) = 2

sqrt(5) = 2

sqrt(10) = 3

Challenge 

O(log(x))

题目思路：

一道binary search题，boundary是1~x，然后不断缩小范围，就酱。

Mycode（AC = 11ms）：

class Solution {
public:
    /**
     * @param x: An integer
     * @return: The sqrt of x
     */
    int sqrt(int x) {
        // write your code here
        if (x == 0) return x;
        
        long long down = 1, upper = x; // 2, 2
        while (down < upper) {
            long long mid = (down + upper) / 2; // 1
            if (mid * mid <= x && (mid + 1) * (mid + 1) > x) {
                return mid;
            }
            else if (mid * mid < x) {
                down = mid + 1;
            }
            else {
                upper = mid - 1;
            }
        }
        
        return (int)down;
    }
};