创建java常量类

首先看示例：

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1. /** 
2.  * Method One 
3.  */  
4. interface ConstantInterface {  
5.     String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";  
6.     String MONDAY = "MONDAY";  
7.     String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";  
8.     String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";  
9.     String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";  
10.     String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";  
11.     String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";  
12. }  
13. /** 
14.  * Method Two  
15.  */  
16. enum ConstantEnum {  
17.     SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY  
18. }  
19. /** 
20.  * Method Three 
21.  */  
22. class ConstantClassField {  
23.     public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";  
24.     public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";  
25.     public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";  
26.     public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";  
27.     public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";  
28.     public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";  
29.     public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";  
30. }  
31. /** 
32.  * Method Four 
33.  * http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-java-interface/index.html 
34.  */  
35. class ConstantClassFunction {  
36.     private static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";  
37.     private static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";  
38.     private static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";  
39.     private static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";  
40.     private static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";  
41.     private static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";  
42.     private static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";  
43.     public static String getSunday() {  
44.         return SUNDAY;  
45.     }  
46.     public static String getMonday() {  
47.         return MONDAY;  
48.     }  
49.     public static String getTuesday() {  
50.         return TUESDAY;  
51.     }  
52.     public static String getWednesday() {  
53.         return WEDNESDAY;  
54.     }  
55.     public static String getThursday() {  
56.         return THURSDAY;  
57.     }  
58.     public static String getFirday() {  
59.         return FRIDAY;  
60.     }  
61.     public static String getSaturday() {  
62.         return SATURDAY;  
63.     }  
64. }  
65. public class TestConstant {  
66.     static final String day = "saturday";  
67.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
68.         System.out.println("Is today Saturday?");  
69.         System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantInterface.SATURDAY));  
70.         System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantEnum.SATURDAY.name()));  
71.         System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassField.SATURDAY));  
72.         System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassFunction  
73.                 .getSaturday()));  
74.     }  
75. }  

/** * Method One */ interface ConstantInterface { String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY"; String MONDAY = "MONDAY"; String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY"; String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY"; String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY"; String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY"; String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY"; } /** * Method Two */ enum ConstantEnum { SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY } /** * Method Three */ class ConstantClassField { public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY"; public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY"; public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY"; public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY"; public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY"; public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY"; public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY"; } /** * Method Four * http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-java-interface/index.html */ class ConstantClassFunction { private static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY"; private static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY"; private static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY"; private static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY"; private static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY"; private static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY"; private static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY"; public static String getSunday() { return SUNDAY; } public static String getMonday() { return MONDAY; } public static String getTuesday() { return TUESDAY; } public static String getWednesday() { return WEDNESDAY; } public static String getThursday() { return THURSDAY; } public static String getFirday() { return FRIDAY; } public static String getSaturday() { return SATURDAY; } } public class TestConstant { static final String day = "saturday"; public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Is today Saturday?"); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantInterface.SATURDAY)); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantEnum.SATURDAY.name())); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassField.SATURDAY)); System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassFunction .getSaturday())); } } 

方法一采用接口(Interface)的中变量默认为static final的特性。

方法二采用了Java 5.0中引入的Enum类型。

方法三采用了在普通类中使用static final修饰变量的方法。

方法四类似方法三，但是通过函数来获取常量。

 

首先定义全局变量似乎有违Java的面向对象的封装特性，增加的耦合。所以最佳的方法是避免定义全局变量。如果是参数等，可以写入配置文件。如果实在是必须的，方法二是最为推荐的。方法三是大家都能想到的，非常的直观。方法一和方法三本质上一样。方法四提供了灵活性，具体参考引用【1】。