搭建 WordPress 个人博客(CentOS)

在腾讯云实验室体验了下,笔记如下:

准备 LNMP 环境

LNMP 是 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP 的缩写,是 WordPress 博客系统依赖的基础运行环境。我们先来准备 LNMP 环境

安装 Nginx

使用 yum 安装 Nginx:
yum install nginx -y
修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf,去除对 IPv6 地址的监听[?],可参考下面的示例:
示例代码:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
listen 80 default_server;
# listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;

# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

location / {
}

error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}

}

修改完成后,启动 Nginx:
nginx
此时,可访问实验机器外网 HTTP 服务(http://<您的 CVM IP 地址>)来确认是否已经安装成功。
将 Nginx 设置为开机自动启动:
chkconfig nginx on
CentOS 6 不支持 IPv6,需要取消对 IPv6 地址的监听,否则 Nginx 不能成功启动。

安装 MySQL

使用 yum 安装 MySQL:
yum install mysql-server -y
安装完成后,启动 MySQL 服务:
service mysqld restart
设置 MySQL 账户 root 密码:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'MyPas$word4Word_Press'
将 MySQL 设置为开机自动启动:
chkconfig mysqld on
下面命令中的密码是教程为您自动生成的,为了方便实验的进行,不建议使用其它密码。如果设置其它密码,请把密码记住,在后续的步骤会使用到。

安装 PHP

使用 yum 安装 PHP:
yum install php-fpm php-mysql -y
安装之后,启动 PHP-FPM 进程:
service php-fpm start
启动之后,可以使用下面的命令查看 PHP-FPM 进程监听哪个端口 [?]
netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
把 PHP-FPM 也设置成开机自动启动:
chkconfig php-fpm on
CentOs 6 默认已经安装了 PHP-FPM 及 PHP-MYSQL,下面命令执行的可能会提示已经安装。
PHP-FPM 默认监听 9000 端口

安装并配置 WordPress

安装 WordPress
配置好 LNMP 环境后,继续使用 yum 来安装 WordPress:
yum install wordpress -y
安装完成后,就可以在 /usr/share/wordpress 看到 WordPress 的源代码了。
配置数据库
进入 MySQL:
mysql -uroot --password='MyPas$word4Word_Press'
为 WordPress 创建一个数据库:
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
MySQL 部分设置完了,我们退出 MySQL 环境:
exit
把上述的 DB 配置同步到 WordPress 的配置文件中,可参考下面的配置:
示例代码:/etc/wordpress/wp-config.php

<?php
/**
* The base configuration for WordPress
*
* The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the
* installation. You don't have to use the web site, you can
* copy this file to "wp-config.php" and fill in the values.
*
* This file contains the following configurations:
*
* * MySQL settings
* * Secret keys
* * Database table prefix
* * ABSPATH
*
* @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php
*
* @package WordPress
*/

// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'root');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'MyPas$word4Word_Press');

/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');

/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

/**#@+
* Authentication Unique Keys and Salts.
*
* Change these to different unique phrases!
* You can generate these using the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/WordPress.org secret-key service}
* You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies. This will force all users to have to log in again.
*
* @since 2.6.0
*/
define('AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');

/**#@-*/

/**
* WordPress Database Table prefix.
*
* You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
* a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
*/
$table_prefix = 'wp_';

/**
* See http://make.wordpress.org/core/2013/10/25/the-definitive-guide-to-disabling-auto-updates-in-wordpress-3-7
*/

/* Disable all file change, as RPM base installation are read-only */
define('DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true);

/* Disable automatic updater, in case you want to allow
above FILE_MODS for plugins, themes, ... */
define('AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true);

/* Core update is always disabled, WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE value is ignore */

/**
* For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
*
* Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
* It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
* in their development environments.
*
* For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
* visit the Codex.
*
* @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_in_WordPress
*/
define('WP_DEBUG', false);

/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
define('ABSPATH', '/usr/share/wordpress');

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

如果你上面的步骤没有使用教程创建的密码,请修改下面命令中的密码登录

配置 Nginx

WordPress 已经安装完毕,我们配置 Nginx 把请求转发给 PHP-FPM 来处理
首先,重命名默认的配置文件:[?]
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
mv default.conf defaut.conf.bak
在 /etc/nginx/conf.d 创建 wordpress.conf 配置,参考下面的内容:
示例代码:/etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf

server {
listen 80;
root /usr/share/wordpress;
location / {
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php index.php;
}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}

配置后,通知 Nginx 进程重新加载:
nginx -s reload
默认的 Server 监听 80 端口,与 WordPress 的服务端口冲突,将其重命名为 .bak 后缀以禁用默认配置

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