JavaWeb开发中Ajax技术、json与java实现List、Map数据直接传递的研究
一、在JavaWeb开发中基于jquery框架来使用ajax技术,Json与后台servlet进行数据交互示例,下面示例中基于servlet技术,没有使用struts2等框架。
由于项目需要通过ajax得到后台的List对象、map对象里面的值,闲暇时间摸索了一下关于json接受List对象的方法,步骤如下:
1.首先下载json所以依赖的包, Json-lib 最新版json-lib-2.3-jdk15.jar,其官方网站是:http://json-lib.sourceforge.net/可以直接download,细心的你会发现其网站页面里面有提示它还需要其他包:
Json-lib requires(at least) the following dependencies in your classpath:
•jakartacommons-lang 2.4
•jakartacommons-beanutils 1.7.0
•jakartacommons-collections 3.2
•jakartacommons-logging 1.1.1
•ezmorph 1.0.6
下载地址分别是:
http://commons.apache.org/lang/
http://commons.apache.org/beanutils/
http://commons.apache.org/collections/
http://commons.apache.org/logging/
http://ezmorph.sourceforge.net/
2.首先先见一个小web项目
先建一个User类:
- package com.json;
- public class User {
- String username;
- String password;
- public String getUsername() {
- return username;
- }
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
- public String getPassword() {
- return password;
- }
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
- }
再建一个servlet 程序:
- package com.json;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.PrintWriter;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
- public class TestJson extends HttpServlet {
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- doPost(request,response);
- }
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- response.setContentType("text/html");
- String str= request.getParameter("name");//得到ajax传递过来的paramater
- System.out.print(str);
- PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
- List list = new ArrayList();//传递List
- Map m=new HashMap();//传递Map
- User u1=new User();
- u1.setUsername("zah");
- u1.setPassword("123");
- User u2=new User();
- u2.setUsername("ztf");
- u2.setPassword("456");
- list.add(u1); //添加User对象
- list.add(u2); //添加User对象
- m.put("u1", u1);
- m.put("u2", u2);
- JSONArray jsonArray2 = JSONArray.fromObject( list );
- //把list转化成转化成json对象
- JSONObject jo=JSONObject.fromObject(m);//转化Map对象为Json对象
- out.print(jsonArray2);//返给ajax请求
- out.print(jo);//返给ajax请求
- }
- }
- 配置好web.xml中的servlet映射,这一步就略了。
3.建立ajax实现 (这里为了快速实现用的是jquery实现的)
- <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- function test(){
- $.ajax({
- type:"POST", //请求方式
- url:"testjson", //请求路径:${base}/类所在的命名空间/类名(配置文件中执行对应类的那个name),命名空间是在配置文件中定义。
- cache: false,
- data:"name=zah", //传参
- dataType: 'json', //返回值类型
- success:function(json){
- alert(json[0].username+" " json[0].password); //弹出返回过来的List对象
- }
- });
- }
- </script>
- </head>
- <body>
- <input type="button" name="b" value="测试" onclick=test()>
- </body>
测试开始,点击按钮弹出zah 123
json[0]就相当于u1对象 json[1]相当于u2对象,对于其属性的访问跟java对象一样,其他的Connection测试应该一样,访问Map的话直接把返回函数改成如下即可:
- success:function(json){
- alert(json.u1.username)
- }
直接跟上Key.属性即可访问Object对象。
后续会添加基于struts2框架的示例!
二、在JavaWeb开发中ajax+json+Struts2实现list传递实例讲解:
1、首先需要下载JSON依赖的jar包。它主要是依赖如下:
json-lib-2.2.2-jdk15
ezmorph-1.0.4
commons-logging-1.0.4
commons-lang-2.4
commons-collections-3.2.1
commons-beanutils
2、实例。
2.1、身份证错误信息Bean类(ErrorCondition.java)
- **
- *@Project: excel
- *@Author: chenssy
- *@Date: 2013-4-4
- *@Copyright: chenssy All rights reserved.
- */
- public class ErrorCondition {
- private String name; // 姓名
- private String idCard; // 身份证
- private String status; // 错误状态
- private String message; // 错误信息
- ErrorCondition(String name,String idCard,String status,String message){
- this.name = name;
- this.idCard = idCard;
- this.status = status;
- this.message = message;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public String getIdCard() {
- return idCard;
- }
- public void setIdCard(String idCard) {
- this.idCard = idCard;
- }
- public String getStatus() {
- return status;
- }
- public void setStatus(String status) {
- this.status = status;
- }
- public String getMessage() {
- return message;
- }
- public void setMessage(String message) {
- this.message = message;
- }
- }
- <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <html>
- <head>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
- </head>
- <body>
- <input type="button" value="点我显示数据" id="clickMe">
- <table id="showTable" border="1">
- <tr>
- <td>姓名</td>
- <td>身份证</td>
- <td>错误状态</td>
- <td>错误信息</td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- <script>
- $("#clickMe").click( function(){
- var url = "json/jsonTest.action";
- $.ajax({
- type:'get',
- url:url,
- dataType: 'json',
- success:function(data){
- $.each(data,function(i,list){
- var _tr = $("<tr><td>"+list.name+"</td><td>"+
- list.idCard+"</td><td>"+list.status+ "</td><td>"+list.message+"</td></tr>");
- $("#showTable").append(_tr);
- })
- }
- })
- })
- </script>
- </body>
- </html>
2.3、Action处理类(JsonTest_01.java)
- /**
- *@Project: jsonTest
- *@Author: chenssy
- *@Date: 2013-4-5
- *@Copyright: chenssy All rights reserved.
- */
- public class JsonTest_01 {
- public String execute() throws IOException{
- ErrorCondition r1 = new ErrorCondition("张三", "4306821989021611", "L", "长度错误");
- ErrorCondition r2 = new ErrorCondition("李四", "430682198902191112","X", "校验错误");
- ErrorCondition r3 = new ErrorCondition("王五", "", "N", "身份证信息为空");
- List<ErrorCondition> list = new ArrayList<ErrorCondition>();
- list.add(r1);
- list.add(r2);
- list.add(r3);
- //将list转化成JSON对象
- JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(list);
- HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) ActionContext.getContext().get(ServletActionContext.HTTP_RESPONSE);
- response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
- response.getWriter().print(jsonArray);
- return null;
- }
- }
2.4、struts.xml配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">
- <!-- 指定struts 2的配置文件的跟元素 -->
- <struts>
- <package name="json" namespace="/json" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="jsonTest" class="com.json.action.JsonTest_01" method="execute"></action>
- </package>
- </struts>
3、运行结果
开始页面如下:
当点击按钮后:
该博文转载自:http://zah5897.iteye.com/blog/692038 和 http://www.jb51.net/article/35492.htm