hibernate总结

hellowindowns

于 2015-06-21 21:36:44 发布

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1.hernate环境的搭建。步骤：1.jar包，mysql驱动。二、hibernate.cfg.xml。三、映射文件class.hbm.xml.

1.jar包，mysql驱动

2.hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>

<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">1230</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate5</property>


<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect</property>

<property name="show_sql">true</property>

<property name="format_sql">true</property>

<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

<mapping resource="com/atguigu/hibernate/helloworld/News.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.helloworld">
<class name="News" table="NEWS" dynamic-insert="true">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ID" />

<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="title" not-null="true" unique="true"
index="news_index" length="50"
type="java.lang.String" column="TITLE" >
</property>
<property name="author" type="java.lang.String"
index="news_index">
<column name="AUTHOR" />
</property>
<property name="date" type="date">
<column name="DATE" />
</property>
<property name="desc"
formula="(SELECT concat(title, ',', author) FROM NEWS n WHERE n.id = id)"></property>
<property name="content">
<column name="CONTENT" sql-type="text"></column>
</property>
<property name="picture" column="PICTURE" type="blob"></property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
News.java

public class News {
private Integer id; //field
private String title;
private String author;
private String desc;
//使用 title + "," + content 可以来描述当前的 News 记录.
//即 title + "," + content 可以作为 News 的 desc 属性值
private String content;
private Blob picture;
public Blob getPicture() {
return picture;
}
public void setPicture(Blob picture) {
this.picture = picture;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public String getDesc() {
return desc;
}
public void setDesc(String desc) {
this.desc = desc;
}
private Date date;

public Integer getId() { //property
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public Date getDate() {
return date;
}
public void setDate(Date date) {
this.date = date;
}
public News(String title, String author, Date date) {
super();
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.date = date;
}
public News() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public String toString() {
return "News [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", author=" + author
+ ", date=" + date + "]";
}
}
测试：
HibernateTest.java
public class HibernateTest {
@Test
public void test() {
System.out.println("test...");
//1. 创建一个 SessionFactory 对象
SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
//1). 创建 Configuration 对象: 对应 hibernate 的基本配置信息和对象关系映射信息
Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
//4.0 之前这样创建
// sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
//2). 创建一个 ServiceRegistry 对象: hibernate 4.x 新添加的对象
//hibernate 的任何配置和服务都需要在该对象中注册后才能有效.
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry =
new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
.buildServiceRegistry();
//3).
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
//2. 创建一个 Session 对象
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//3. 开启事务
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
//4. 执行保存操作
News news = new News("Java12345", "ATGUIGU", new Date(new java.util.Date().getTime()));
session.save(news);
//5. 提交事务
transaction.commit();
//6. 关闭 Session
session.close();
//7. 关闭 SessionFactory 对象
sessionFactory.close();
}
}

5. Hibernate_Session 缓存(Hibernate 一级缓存)
6. Hibernate_Session 核心方法(1)
public class HibernateTest {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session session;
private Transaction transaction;
@Before
public void init(){
Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry =
new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
.buildServiceRegistry();
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

session = sessionFactory.openSession();
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@After
public void destroy(){
transaction.commit();
session.close();
sessionFactory.close();
}
@Test
public void testComponent(){
Worker worker = new Worker();
Pay pay = new Pay();
pay.setMonthlyPay(1000);
pay.setYearPay(80000);
pay.setVocationWithPay(5);
worker.setName("ABCD");
worker.setPay(pay);
session.save(worker);
}
@Test
public void testBlob() throws Exception{
// News news = new News();
// news.setAuthor("cc");
// news.setContent("CONTENT");
// news.setDate(new Date());
// news.setDesc("DESC");
// news.setTitle("CC");
//
// InputStream stream = new FileInputStream("Hydrangeas.jpg");
// Blob image = Hibernate.getLobCreator(session)
// .createBlob(stream, stream.available());
// news.setImage(image);
// session.save(news);
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
Blob image = news.getImage();
InputStream in = image.getBinaryStream();
System.out.println(in.available());
}
@Test
public void testPropertyUpdate(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
news.setTitle("aaaa");
System.out.println(news.getDesc());
System.out.println(news.getDate().getClass());
}
@Test
public void testIdGenerator() throws InterruptedException{
News news = new News("AA", "aa", new java.sql.Date(new Date().getTime()));
session.save(news);
// Thread.sleep(5000);
}
@Test
public void testDynamicUpdate(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
news.setAuthor("AABCD");

}
@Test
public void testDoWork(){
session.doWork(new Work() {
@Override
public void execute(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
System.out.println(connection);
//调用存储过程.
}
});
}
/**
* evict: 从 session 缓存中把指定的持久化对象移除
*/
@Test
public void testEvict(){
News news1 = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
News news2 = (News) session.get(News.class, 2);
news1.setTitle("AA");
news2.setTitle("BB");
session.evict(news1);
}
/**
* delete: 执行删除操作. 只要 OID 和数据表中一条记录对应, 就会准备执行 delete 操作
* 若 OID 在数据表中没有对应的记录, 则抛出异常
*
* 可以通过设置 hibernate 配置文件 hibernate.use_identifier_rollback 为 true,
* 使删除对象后, 把其 OID 置为 null
*/
@Test
public void testDelete(){
// News news = new News();
// news.setId(11);
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 163840);
session.delete(news);
System.out.println(news);
}
/**
* 注意:
* 1. 若 OID 不为 null, 但数据表中还没有和其对应的记录. 会抛出一个异常.
* 2. 了解: OID 值等于 id 的 unsaved-value 属性值的对象, 也被认为是一个游离对象
*/
@Test
public void testSaveOrUpdate(){
News news = new News("FFF", "fff", new Date());
news.setId(11);

session.saveOrUpdate(news);
}
/**
* update:
* 1. 若更新一个持久化对象, 不需要显示的调用 update 方法. 因为在调用 Transaction
* 的 commit() 方法时, 会先执行 session 的 flush 方法.
* 2. 更新一个游离对象, 需要显式的调用 session 的 update 方法. 可以把一个游离对象
* 变为持久化对象
*
* 需要注意的:
* 1. 无论要更新的游离对象和数据表的记录是否一致, 都会发送 UPDATE 语句.
* 如何能让 updat 方法不再盲目的出发 update 语句呢 ? 在 .hbm.xml 文件的 class 节点设置
* select-before-update=true (默认为 false). 但通常不需要设置该属性.
*
* 2. 若数据表中没有对应的记录, 但还调用了 update 方法, 会抛出异常
*
* 3. 当 update() 方法关联一个游离对象时,
* 如果在 Session 的缓存中已经存在相同 OID 的持久化对象, 会抛出异常. 因为在 Session 缓存中
* 不能有两个 OID 相同的对象!
*
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
// news.setId(100);
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
// news.setAuthor("SUN");
News news2 = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
session.update(news);
}
/**
* get VS load:
*
* 1. 执行 get 方法: 会立即加载对象.
* 执行 load 方法, 若不适用该对象, 则不会立即执行查询操作, 而返回一个代理对象
* get 是立即检索, load 是延迟检索.
* 2. load 方法可能会抛出 LazyInitializationException 异常: 在需要初始化
* 代理对象之前已经关闭了 Session
*
* 3. 若数据表中没有对应的记录, Session 也没有被关闭.
* get 返回 null
* load 若不使用该对象的任何属性, 没问题; 若需要初始化了, 抛出异常.
*/
@Test
public void testLoad(){
News news = (News) session.load(News.class, 10);
System.out.println(news.getClass().getName());
// session.close();
// System.out.println(news);
}
@Test
public void testGet(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
// session.close();
System.out.println(news);
}
/**
* persist(): 也会执行 INSERT 操作
*
* 和 save() 的区别 :
* 在调用 persist 方法之前, 若对象已经有 id 了, 则不会执行 INSERT, 而抛出异常
*/
@Test
public void testPersist(){
News news = new News();
news.setTitle("EE");
news.setAuthor("ee");
news.setDate(new Date());
news.setId(200);
session.persist(news);
}
/**
* 1. save() 方法
* 1). 使一个临时对象变为持久化对象
* 2). 为对象分配 ID.
* 3). 在 flush 缓存时会发送一条 INSERT 语句.
* 4). 在 save 方法之前的 id 是无效的
* 5). 持久化对象的 ID 是不能被修改的!
*/
@Test
public void testSave(){
News news = new News();
news.setTitle("CC");
news.setAuthor("cc");
news.setDate(new Date());
news.setId(100);
System.out.println(news);
session.save(news);
System.out.println(news);
// news.setId(101);
}
/**
* clear(): 清理缓存
*/
@Test
public void testClear(){
News news1 = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
session.clear();
News news2 = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
}
/**
* refresh(): 会强制发送 SELECT 语句, 以使 Session 缓存中对象的状态和数据表中对应的记录保持一致!
*/
@Test
public void testRefresh(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
System.out.println(news);

session.refresh(news);
System.out.println(news);
}
/**
* flush: 使数据表中的记录和 Session 缓存中的对象的状态保持一致. 为了保持一致, 则可能会发送对应的 SQL 语句.
* 1. 在 Transaction 的 commit() 方法中: 先调用 session 的 flush 方法, 再提交事务
* 2. flush() 方法会可能会发送 SQL 语句, 但不会提交事务.
* 3. 注意: 在未提交事务或显式的调用 session.flush() 方法之前, 也有可能会进行 flush() 操作.
* 1). 执行 HQL 或 QBC 查询, 会先进行 flush() 操作, 以得到数据表的最新的记录
* 2). 若记录的 ID 是由底层数据库使用自增的方式生成的, 则在调用 save() 方法时, 就会立即发送 INSERT 语句.
* 因为 save 方法后, 必须保证对象的 ID 是存在的!
*/
@Test
public void testSessionFlush2(){
News news = new News("Java", "SUN", new Date());
session.save(news);
}
@Test
public void testSessionFlush(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
news.setAuthor("Oracle");
// session.flush();
// System.out.println("flush");

News news2 = (News) session.createCriteria(News.class).uniqueResult();
System.out.println(news2);
}
@Test
public void testSessionCache(){
News news = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
System.out.println(news);
News news2 = (News) session.get(News.class, 1);
System.out.println(news2);
}
}
10. Hibernate_详解 Hibernate 映射文件(2)
11. Hibernate_单向多对一映射
多
Order.java
public class Order {
private Integer orderId;
private String orderName;
private Customer customer;
public Integer getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getOrderName() {
return orderName;
}
public void setOrderName(String orderName) {
this.orderName = orderName;
}
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
}
Order.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.entities.n21">
<class name="Order" table="ORDERS">
<id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ORDER_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="orderName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="ORDER_NAME" />
</property>

<many-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" column="CUSTOMER_ID"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Customer.java
public class Customer {
private Integer customerId;
private String customerName;
public Integer getCustomerId() {
return customerId;
}
public void setCustomerId(Integer customerId) {
this.customerId = customerId;
}
public String getCustomerName() {
return customerName;
}
public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
this.customerName = customerName;
}
}
Customer.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.atguigu.hibernate.entities.n21.Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
<id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
//end

public class HibernateTest {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session session;
private Transaction transaction;
@Before
public void init(){
Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry =
new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
.buildServiceRegistry();
sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@After
public void destroy(){
transaction.commit();
session.close();
sessionFactory.close();
}
@Test
public void testDelete(){
//在不设定级联关系的情况下, 且 1 这一端的对象有 n 的对象在引用, 不能直接删除 1 这一端的对象
Customer customer = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1);
session.delete(customer);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
Order order = (Order) session.get(Order.class, 1);
order.getCustomer().setCustomerName("AAA");
}
@Test
public void testMany2OneGet(){
//1. 若查询多的一端的一个对象, 则默认情况下, 只查询了多的一端的对象. 而没有查询关联的
//1 的那一端的对象!
Order order = (Order) session.get(Order.class, 1);
System.out.println(order.getOrderName());
System.out.println(order.getCustomer().getClass().getName());
session.close();
//2. 在需要使用到关联的对象时, 才发送对应的 SQL 语句.
Customer customer = order.getCustomer();
System.out.println(customer.getCustomerName());
//3. 在查询 Customer 对象时, 由多的一端导航到 1 的一端时,
//若此时 session 已被关闭, 则默认情况下
//会发生 LazyInitializationException 异常
//4. 获取 Order 对象时, 默认情况下, 其关联的 Customer 对象是一个代理对象!
}
@Test
public void testMany2OneSave(){
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setCustomerName("BB");
Order order1 = new Order();
order1.setOrderName("ORDER-3");
Order order2 = new Order();
order2.setOrderName("ORDER-4");
//设定关联关系
order1.setCustomer(customer);
order2.setCustomer(customer);
//执行 save 操作: 先插入 Customer, 再插入 Order, 3 条 INSERT
//先插入 1 的一端, 再插入 n 的一端, 只有 INSERT 语句.
// session.save(customer);
// session.save(order1);
// session.save(order2);
//先插入 Order, 再插入 Customer. 3 条 INSERT, 2 条 UPDATE
//先插入 n 的一端, 再插入 1 的一端, 会多出 UPDATE 语句!
//因为在插入多的一端时, 无法确定 1 的一端的外键值. 所以只能等 1 的一端插入后, 再额外发送 UPDATE 语句.
//推荐先插入 1 的一端, 后插入 n 的一端
session.save(order1);
session.save(order2);
session.save(customer);
}
}

12. Hibernate_双向一对多映射
Order.java
public class Order {
private Integer orderId;
private String orderName;
private Customer customer;
public Integer getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getOrderName() {
return orderName;
}
public void setOrderName(String orderName) {
this.orderName = orderName;
}
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
}
Order.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.entities.n21.both">
<class name="Order" table="ORDERS">
<id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ORDER_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="orderName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="ORDER_NAME" />
</property>

<many-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" column="CUSTOMER_ID"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Customer.java
public class Customer {
private Integer customerId;
private String customerName;
/*
* 1. 声明集合类型时, 需使用接口类型, 因为 hibernate 在获取
* 集合类型时, 返回的是 Hibernate 内置的集合类型, 而不是 JavaSE 一个标准的
* 集合实现.
* 2. 需要把集合进行初始化, 可以防止发生空指针异常
*/
private Set<Order> orders = new HashSet<>();
public Integer getCustomerId() {
return customerId;
}
public void setCustomerId(Integer customerId) {
this.customerId = customerId;
}
public String getCustomerName() {
return customerName;
}
public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
this.customerName = customerName;
}
public Set<Order> getOrders() {
return orders;
}
public void setOrders(Set<Order> orders) {
this.orders = orders;
}
}
Customer.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.atguigu.hibernate.entities.n21.both">
<class name="Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
<id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
</property>





<set name="orders" table="ORDERS" inverse="true" order-by="ORDER_NAME DESC">

<key column="CUSTOMER_ID"></key>

<one-to-many class="Order"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

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hibernate总结

1.hernate环境的搭建。步骤：1.jar包，mysql驱动。二、hibernate.cfg.xml。三、映射文件class.hbm.xml.1.jar包，mysql驱动2.hibernate.cfg.xml"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN""http://hibernate.sourceforg
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