[JDBC技术]4.容器管理JDBC数据库连接池实例

首先需要配置Tomcat的Server.xml文件，如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='gb2312'?> 
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> 
  <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> 
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" 
    SSLEngine="on" /> 
  <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> 
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> 
  <!-- JMX Support for the Tomcat server. Documentation at /docs/non-existent.html --> 
  <Listener 
    className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" /> 
  <Listener 
    className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> 
  <!--  Global JNDI resources 
    Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html 
  --> 
  <!-- 配置数据库在此配置 --> 
  <GlobalNamingResources> 
    <!--  Editable user database that can also be used by 
      UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users 
    --> 
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" 
      type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" 
      description="User database that can be updated and saved" 
      factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" 
      pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> 
    <!-- 配置数据源信息 --> 
    <Resource name="jdbc/orcldb" auth="Container" 
      type="javax.sql.DataSource" 
      description="User database that can be updated and saved" 
      factory="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory" 
      driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" 
      url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl" username="system" 
      password="password" maxActive="20" maxIdel="10" maxwait="10000"> 
    </Resource> 
  </GlobalNamingResources> 
  <!--  A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share 
    a single "Container" Note:    A "Service" is not itself a "Container",    
    so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. 
    Documentation at /docs/config/service.html 
  --> 
  <Service name="Catalina"> 
    <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> 
    <!--  
      <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"    
      maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> 
    --> 
    <!--  A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received 
      and responses are returned. Documentation at : 
      Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking) 
      Java AJP    Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html 
      APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html 
      Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 
    --> 
    <Connector port="8001" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
      connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" /> 
    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> 
    <!--  
      <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" 
      port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"    
      connectionTimeout="20000"    
      redirectPort="8443" /> 
    --> 
    <!--  Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 
      This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the    
      connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration 
      described in the APR documentation --> 
    <!--  
      <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" 
      maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" 
      clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> 
    --> 
    <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> 
    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> 
    <!--  An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes 
      every request.    The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone 
      analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them 
      on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). 
      Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> 
    <!--  You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : 
      <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">                    
    --> 
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> 
      <!-- For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: 
        /docs/cluster-howto.html    (simple how to) 
        /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> 
      <!--  
        <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> 
      --> 
      <!--  The request dumper valve dumps useful debugging information about 
        the request and response data received and sent by Tomcat. 
        Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> 
      <!--  
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RequestDumperValve"/> 
      --> 
      <!--  This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI 
        resources under the key "UserDatabase".    Any edits 
        that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately 
        available for use by the Realm.    --> 
      <Realm 
        className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" 
        resourceName="UserDatabase" /> 
      <!--  Define the default virtual host 
        Note: XML Schema validation will not work with Xerces 2.2. 
      --> 
      <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" 
        autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> 
        <!--  SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications 
          Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> 
        <!--  
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> 
        --> 
        <!--  Access log processes all example. 
          Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> 
        <!--  
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"     
          prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/> 
        --> 
        <!-- 在工程里将数据库连接池联系上 --> 
        <Context path="/jdbc" docBase="jdbc" debug="1" 
          reloadable="true" crossContext="true"> 
          <ResourceLink name="jdbc/orcldb" 
            global="jdbc/orcldb" type="javax.sql.DataSource" /> 
        </Context> 
      </Host> 
    </Engine> 
  </Service> 
</Server> 

编写 Servlet文件进行测试

package jdbc; 

import java.io.IOException; 
import java.io.PrintWriter; 
import java.sql.Connection; 
import java.sql.DriverManager; 
import java.sql.ResultSet; 
import java.sql.SQLException; 
import java.sql.Statement; 

import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
import javax.sql.DataSource; 

import javax.naming.InitialContext; 
import javax.naming.Context; 
import javax.naming.NamingException; 

public class JNDIServ extends HttpServlet 
{ 
  public JNDIServ() 
  { 
    super(); 
  } 

  public void destroy() 
  { 
    super.destroy(); 
  } 

  public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
      throws ServletException, IOException 
  { 
    this.doPost(request, response); 
  } 

  public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
      throws ServletException, IOException 
  { 
    // 建立数据源 
    try 
    { 
      //初始化上下文 
      Context ctx = new InitialContext(); 
      //创建数据库对象，这里lookup中的jdbc/orcldb要与容器中的数据库标签定义一样 
      DataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx 
          .lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/orcldb"); 
      //获取连接 
      Connection con = ds.getConnection(); 
      Statement st = con.createStatement(); 
      ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from student"); 
      while (rs.next()) 
      { 
        System.out.println(rs.getString(1)); 
        System.out.println(rs.getString(2)); 
        System.out.println(rs.getString(3)); 
      } 
    } 
    catch (NamingException e) 
    { 
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
    catch (SQLException e) 
    { 
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
  } 

  public void init() throws ServletException 
  { 
    // Put your code here 
  } 

} 

以下在 web.xml中的Servlet配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" 
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee    
  [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd[/url]"> 
  <servlet> 
    <description> 
      This is the description of my J2EE component 
    </description> 
    <display-name> 
      This is the display name of my J2EE component 
    </display-name> 
    <servlet-name>JNDIServ</servlet-name> 
    <servlet-class>jdbc.JNDIServ</servlet-class> 
  </servlet> 
  <servlet-mapping> 
    <servlet-name>JNDIServ</servlet-name> 
    <url-pattern>/servlet/JNDIServ</url-pattern> 
  </servlet-mapping> 
  <welcome-file-list> 
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> 
  </welcome-file-list> 
</web-app> 

以下为需要支持的库文件：

http://wnight88.blog.51cto.com/512204/141590