[转]winForm:DataGridView的一些技巧

本文转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/liulanglang/archive/2007/06/10/778011.html
原文如下:

最近一直跟DataGridView打交道，突然觉得很多技巧性的东西很模糊，经过最近的个人实验操作和从网上查到的资料
把对DataGridView操作的一些技巧总结和借鉴了一下，总结如下：

1、自定义列

   Customize Cells and Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control by Extending Their

    Behavior and Appearance

    Host Controls in Windows Forms DataGridView Cells

    继承 DataGridViewTextBoxCell 类生成新的Cell类，然后再继承 DataGridViewColumn 生成新的Column类，并指定

    CellTemplate为新的Cell类。新生成的Column便可以增加到DataGridView中去。

2、自动适应列宽

   

 Programmatically Resize Cells to Fit Content  in  the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples：
    DataGridView.AutoSizeColumns(
           DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnCriteria.HeaderAndDisplayedRows);
    DataGridView.AutoSizeColumn(
                DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnCriteria.HeaderOnly,
                 2 ,  false );
    DataGridView.AutoSizeRow(
                DataGridViewAutoSizeRowCriteria.Columns,
                 2 ,  false );
    DataGridView.AutoSizeRows(
              DataGridViewAutoSizeRowCriteria.HeaderAndColumns,
                 0 , dataGridView1.Rows.Count,  false );

3、可以绑定并显示对象

 

   Bind Objects to Windows Forms DataGridView Controls

4、可以改变表格线条风格

   

 Change the Border and Gridline Styles  in  the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples:
     this .dataGridView1.GridColor  =  Color.BlueViolet;
     this .dataGridView1.BorderStyle  =  BorderStyle.Fixed3D;
     this .dataGridView1.CellBorderStyle  =  DataGridViewCellBorderStyle.None;
     this .dataGridView1.RowHeadersBorderStyle  =  DataGridViewHeaderBorderStyle.Single;
     this .dataGridView1.ColumnHeadersBorderStyle  =  DataGridViewHeaderBorderStyle.Single;

5、动态改变列是否显示，和动态改变列的显示顺序

   

 Change the Order of the Columns  in  the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples：
    customersDataGridView.Columns[ " CustomerID " ].Visible  =   false ;
    customersDataGridView.Columns[ " ContactName " ].DisplayIndex  =   0 ;
    customersDataGridView.Columns[ " ContactTitle " ].DisplayIndex  =   1 ;
    customersDataGridView.Columns[ " City " ].DisplayIndex  =   2 ;
    customersDataGridView.Columns[ " Country " ].DisplayIndex  =   3 ;
    customersDataGridView.Columns[ " CompanyName " ].DisplayIndex  =   4 ;

6、可以在列中显示图像

   

Display Images  in  Cells of the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples：
            Icon treeIcon  =   new  Icon( this .GetType(),  " tree.ico " );
           DataGridViewImageColumn iconColumn  =   new  DataGridViewImageColumn ();
           iconColumn.Image  =  treeIcon.ToBitmap();
           iconColumn.Name  =   " Tree " ;
           iconColumn.HeaderText  =   " Nice tree " ;
           dataGridView1.Columns.Insert( 2 , iconColumn);

7、格式化显示内容:

      

 Format Data  in  the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples:
     this .dataGridView1.Columns[ " UnitPrice " ].DefaultCellStyle.Format  =   " c " ;
     this .dataGridView1.Columns[ " ShipDate " ].DefaultCellStyle.Format  =   " d " ;
     this .dataGridView1.DefaultCellStyle.NullValue  =   " no entry " ;
     this .dataGridView1.DefaultCellStyle.WrapMode  =  DataGridViewWrapMode.Wrap;
     this .dataGridView1.Columns[ " CustomerName " ].DefaultCellStyle.Alignment  =
                         DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleRight;

8、在拖动列的滚动条时可以将指定的列冻结

   

Freeze Columns  in  the Windows Forms DataGridView Control
    Samples：将指定列及以前的列固定不动
     this .dataGridView1.Columns[ " AddToCartButton " ].Frozen  =   true ;

9、获取选择的单元格,行,列

    Get the Selected Cells, Rows, and Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    Samples:

       见msdn。

10、显示录入时出现的错误信息

    Handle Errors that Occur During Data Entry in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    Samples：

   

private   void  dataGridView1_DataError( object  sender,
        DataGridViewDataErrorEventArgs e)
         ... {
        // If the data source raises an exception when a cell value is
        // commited, display an error message.
        if (e.Exception != null &&
            e.Context == DataGridViewDataErrorContext.Commit)
        ...{
            MessageBox.Show("CustomerID value must be unique.");
        }
        }

11、大数据量显示采用Virtual Mode

    Implement Virtual Mode in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

12、设置指定的列只读

    Make Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control Read-Only

    Samples：

    

dataGridView1.Columns[ " CompanyName " ].ReadOnly  =   true ;

 

13、移去自动生成的列

    Remove Autogenerated Columns from a Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    Sample:

   

dataGridView1.AutoGenerateColumns  =   true ;
    dataGridView1.DataSource  =  customerDataSet;
    dataGridView1.Columns.Remove ( " Fax " );
    或：
    dataGridView1.Columns[ " CustomerID " ].Visible  =   false ;

14、自定义选择模式

    Set the Selection Mode of the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    Sample：

   

this .dataGridView1.SelectionMode  =  DataGridViewSelectionMode.FullRowSelect;
     this .dataGridView1.MultiSelect  =   false ;

15、自定义设定光标进入单元格是否编辑模式（编辑模式）

    Specify the Edit Mode for the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    this.dataGridView1.EditMode = DataGridViewEditMode.EditOnEnter;

16、新行指定默认值

    Specify Default Values for New Rows in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    Sample：

   

private   void  dataGridView1_DefaultValuesNeeded( object  sender,                       System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewRowEventArgs e)
     ... {
      e.Row.Cells["Region"].Value = "WA";
       e.Row.Cells["City"].Value = "Redmond";
       e.Row.Cells["PostalCode"].Value = "98052-6399";
      e.Row.Cells["Region"].Value = "NA";
      e.Row.Cells["Country"].Value = "USA";
    e.Row.Cells["CustomerID"].Value = NewCustomerId();
    }

17、数据验证

    Validate Data in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

    Samples：

   

  private   void  dataGridView1_CellValidating( object  sender,
            DataGridViewCellValidatingEventArgs e)
         ... {
        // Validate the CompanyName entry by disallowing empty strings.
        if (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name == "CompanyName")
        ...{
            if (e.FormattedValue.ToString() == String.Empty)
            ...{
                dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].ErrorText =
                    "Company Name must not be empty";
                e.Cancel = true;
            }
        }
        }

18、数据提交到dataset中
               

 DataSet ds  =   new  DataSet( " MyDataSet " );
                ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()].Rows.Clear();
                 try
                 ... {
                    for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++)
                    ...{
                        DataTable dt = ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()];
                        DataRow myrow = ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()].NewRow();
                        for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Columns.Count; j++)
                        ...{
                            myrow[j] = Convert.ToString(dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[j].Value);
                        }
                        ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()].Rows.Add(myrow);
                    }
                }
                 catch  (Exception)
                 ... {
                    
                    MessageBox.Show("输入类型错误！");
                    return;
                }