tomcat解析(四)Catalina.load.start

<一>load该方法内容如下:

/* * Load using arguments */ public void load(String args[]) { try { if (arguments(args)) load(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(System.out); } }

其中arguments()方法如下,以启动为例,则args[]为{"start"}:

/** * Process the specified command line arguments, and return * <code>true</code> if we should continue processing; otherwise * return <code>false</code>. * * @param args Command line arguments to process */ protected boolean arguments(String args[]) { boolean isConfig = false; if (args.length < 1) { usage(); return (false); } for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { if (isConfig) { configFile = args[i]; isConfig = false; } else if (args[i].equals("-config")) { isConfig = true; } else if (args[i].equals("-nonaming")) { setUseNaming( false ); } else if (args[i].equals("-help")) { usage(); return (false); } else if (args[i].equals("start")) { starting = true; stopping = false; } else if (args[i].equals("stop")) { starting = false; stopping = true; } else { usage(); return (false); } } return (true); }

此时将置starting=true;stopping=false;(这两个标志主要是为了区分服务器的状态),然后继续执行无参数的load()方法,该方法如下:

/** * Start a new server instance. */ public void load() { long t1 = System.nanoTime(); initDirs(); // Before digester - it may be needed initNaming(); // Create and execute our Digester Digester digester = createStartDigester(); InputSource inputSource = null; InputStream inputStream = null; File file = null; try { file = configFile(); inputStream = new FileInputStream(file); inputSource = new InputSource("file://" + file.getAbsolutePath()); } catch (Exception e) { ; } if (inputStream == null) { try { inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader() .getResourceAsStream(getConfigFile()); inputSource = new InputSource (getClass().getClassLoader() .getResource(getConfigFile()).toString()); } catch (Exception e) { ; } } // This should be included in catalina.jar // Alternative: don't bother with xml, just create it manually. if( inputStream==null ) { try { inputStream = getClass().getClassLoader() .getResourceAsStream("server-embed.xml"); inputSource = new InputSource (getClass().getClassLoader() .getResource("server-embed.xml").toString()); } catch (Exception e) { ; } } if ((inputStream == null) && (file != null)) { log.warn("Can't load server.xml from " + file.getAbsolutePath()); return; } try { inputSource.setByteStream(inputStream); digester.push(this); digester.parse(inputSource); inputStream.close(); } catch (Exception e) { log.warn("Catalina.start using " + getConfigFile() + ": " , e); return; } // Stream redirection initStreams(); // Start the new server if (server instanceof Lifecycle) { try { server.initialize(); } catch (LifecycleException e) { log.error("Catalina.start", e); } } long t2 = System.nanoTime(); if(log.isInfoEnabled()) log.info("Initialization processed in " + ((t2 - t1) / 1000000) + " ms"); }

1.initDirs()
该方法主要用于设置catalina.home及catalina.base系统属性,具体与之前设置的时候有何区别,还真没深入研究,有兴趣的同志可自行做一下比较,这里就不详讲了
2.initNaming()
该方法主要用于设置javax.naming的一些需要用于的属性值,如javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY及javax.naming.Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES
3.Digester类处理配置文件server.xml
下面的一段InputStream相关的内容均是TOMCAT服务器读取配置文件${catalina.home}/conf/server.xml的过程,这个过程也是整个服务器启动的最重要的一个过程,这里暂不详细讲解,将在后续的篇章中来说这个问题
4.initStreams
用tomcat定义的PrintStream来重定向System.out与System.error
5.server.initialize()
在这里server实例指向的是服务器,默认为空,但会在第三步骤中实例化,然后在这里调用其initialize方法,要知道这里做了什么事情,还需要先看第三步骤里怎么处理

 

<二>start方法如下:

/** * Start a new server instance. */ public void start() { if (server == null) { load(); } long t1 = System.nanoTime(); // Start the new server if (server instanceof Lifecycle) { try { ((Lifecycle) server).start(); } catch (LifecycleException e) { log.error("Catalina.start: ", e); } } long t2 = System.nanoTime(); if(log.isInfoEnabled()) log.info("Server startup in " + ((t2 - t1) / 1000000) + " ms"); try { // Register shutdown hook if (useShutdownHook) { if (shutdownHook == null) { shutdownHook = new CatalinaShutdownHook(); } Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(shutdownHook); } } catch (Throwable t) { // This will fail on JDK 1.2. Ignoring, as Tomcat can run // fine without the shutdown hook. } if (await) { await(); stop(); } }

主要内容是调用了server实例的start方法,可以看到整个服务器的启动其实又妥托给server实例来做,因此我们有必要了解该实例是如何初始化的,而该实例的初始化工作均放在Catalina.load方法的第三步骤里.但首先,Digester是tomcat服务器实现上一个比较重要的类,主要是负责对于xml文件的解析工作,因此下面几篇文章我们有必要深入一点讲解一下该类